Luhlolo lwe-Tower of London

Yenta indlela yemabhola ifane nesibonelo senhloso ngeminyakato lembalwa kakhulu: hlela kusengaphambili, bese uyawanyakatisa. Kutsatsa cishe imizuzu lengu-5, kumahhala, akudzingeki kubhalisa.

Kubhalwe licembu laHelibrainKubukwe nguRobert(SiNgisi), umfundi locwaninga nge-biophysics alungiselela i-PhDKushicilelwe Kugcine kubukwe

Lokukalwako ngulomdlalo

I-Tower of London yindida yekuhlela leyatiwako, lesuka ekucwaningeni kwengcondvo. Uhambisa emabhola lanemibala emkhatsini wetinsika letintsatfu letinabudze lobungafani kuze wakhe indlela yemabhola lenjengenhloso ngeminyakato lembalwa kakhulu. Ikhombisa kutsi ukhona kahle yini kucabanga kusengaphambili ngeminyakato lembalwa ngaphambi kwekutsi wente [1].

Dokotela wengcondvo Tim Shallice wakha lomsebenti nga-1982 kuze afundze ngekuhlela [1]. Inkinga ngayinye inelinani lelisha kakhulu leminyakato ledzingekako, futsi lomsebenti ubhala kutsi uyafinyelela yini enjongweni ngalelo nani, mingaki iminyakato leyengetekile loyidzingako, nekutsi ucabanga sikhatsi lesingakanani ngaphambi kwemnyakato wakho wekucala. Ufanana kancane ne-Tower of Hanoi, kodvwa imitsetfo netinkinga akufani.

Linani leminyakato akusilo lodvwa leenta inkinga ibe lukhuni. Tinkinga lapho inhloso ivumela kuhleleka kweminjakato ngetindlela letehlukene, noma lapho kufanele ususe khona ibhola endleleni kucala, titsatsa bantfu sikhatsi lesidze kuze bahlele, ngisho nalapho linani leminyakato lifana [2][3][4].

Indlela lomdlalo losebenta ngayo

  • Tinsika letintsatfu tiphatsa emabhola langu-3, 2 na-1. Hambisa libhola linye ngasikhatsi sinye: kunganyakatisa kuphela lelibhola lelisetulu, futsi ungalibeki ensikeni legcwele.
  • Inkinga ngayinye ikhombisa inhloso nelinani lelisha kakhulu leminyakato yekuyifeza. Yenta inhloso ngalelo nani leminyakato kuze uphumelele ngalokuphelele.
  • Tinkinga letingu-16, letisukela ku-2 kuya ku-6 iminyakato, futsi tikhula ngekulukhuni. Inkinga ngayinye iyaphela ngemva kwemasekhondi langu-60 noma iminyakato le-20.
  • Tsintsa libhola, bese utsintsa insika lofuna kulibeka kuyo, noma lihudvule. Nawusebentisa ikhibhodi, tikhiya 1, 2 na-3 tiyalicosha bese tiyalehlisa.
  • Kucala kunenkinga lemfisha yekutilolonga (ungayecisa). Kuwo onkhe ematfuba, emabhola aba nemibala lemisha, ngako kutama kwesibili kubukeka kusha kodvwa kulukhuni ngendlela lefanako.

Sente setfu setinkinga. Kusesha ngekhompyutha kuzo tonkhe tindlela letingu-36 temabhola kuhlolile kutsi linani lelisha kakhulu leminyakato enkingeni ngayinye lilungile, nekutsi kusukela eminyakato le-3 kuya etulu inkinga ngayinye inesixazululo sinye kuphela lesisebentisa iminyakato lembalwa kakhulu. Tinhloso tihlanganisa letimo letintsatfu letivame kushintjwa bacwaningi: onkhe emabhola ensikeni yinye, mabili kulenye nelinye libhola kulenye, kanye nelilodwa ensikeni ngayinye [2].

Indlela yekufundza emaphuzu akho

  • Kuphumelela ngeminyakato lembalwa kakhulu: liphuzu lakho leliyinhloko, linani letinkinga lotiphumelele ngalokuphelele.
  • Miminyakato leyengetekile: iminyakato lengetulu kwaleminye lemincane kakhulu, etinkingeni lotiphumelele.
  • Kucabanga ngaphambi kwemnyakato wekucala: sikhatsi losicitse ubuka ngaphambi kwekutsintsa libhola. Bacwaningi bakubita ngesikhatsi sekucala sekuhlela.
  • Indlela lozixazulule ngayo: sikhatsi sakho lesisetjentiswe ngaphambi kwemnyakato wekucala etinkingeni letilukhuni kakhulu. Sabelo lesikhulu sisho kutsi uhlele kakhulu engcondvweni yakho ngaphambi kwekutsi ucale.

Kulolunye lucwaningo lwebantfu labadzala labangu-179, labo labacitsa sabelo lesikhulu sesikhatsi sabo bahlela ngaphambi kwemnyakato wekucala bebavame kuphumelela etinkingeni letinyenti ngeminyakato lembalwa kakhulu [5]. Kulolunye lucwaningo, kutjela bantfu kutsi bahlele kucala kwasita [6], kodvwa kulolunye akusitanga; bantfu bahlela sikhatsi lesidze kodvwa abakaphumeleli kancono [7]. Ngako tsatsa “indlela lozixazulule ngayo” njengenchazelo yalelithuba, hhayi njengemtsetfo.

Nasebadlale bantfu labenele, umphumela wakho uphindze ukhombise kutsi umi kuphi nawucatsaniswa nalabanye badlali balomdlalo, ngekuhlukanisa ngemacembu: ngaphansi kwalokujwayelekile, lokujwayelekile noma ngetulu kwalokujwayelekile. Licembu, hhayi sikhundla lesicondzile, ngoba litfuba linye lalomsebenti lisho kuphela cishe kutsi uhlela kanjani (bona ngentasi). Labanye badlali bavakashi balelikhasi, abasilo licembu lelimele bonkhe bantfu.

Ngumuphi umphumela lojwayelekile?

Akukho emaphuzu ajwayelekile ale nguqulo. Enguqulweni yekucwaninga lenetinkinga letingu-24 letilukhuni kakhulu (iminyakato le-4 kuya ku-6), bantfu labasha labadzala baphumelela ngesilinganiso etinkingeni leticishe tibe ngu-17 ku-24 ngeminyakato lembalwa kakhulu, kantsi bantfu labadzala labaneminyaka lengu-61 kuya ku-77 baphumelela leticishe tibe ngu-13 [8]. Tinkinga tetfu, imikhawulo yesikhatsi netikrini akufani, ngako letinombolo tisita nje kubeka umphumela esimeni, akusiso silinganiso sekukala.

Loko lomdlalo longakutjela nalongakutjeli

I-Tower of London isetjentiswa ekucwaningeni ngekuhlela nasekuhloleni kwesemtholampilo, kodvwa lelikhasi lingumdlalo, alusilo luhlolo lwesemtholampilo. Alikukali kuhlakanipha, futsi litfuba linye limane likhombise simo salomzuzu: kukhatsala nedivayisi loyisebentisako kuyayishintja indlela lowenta ngayo.

Kulolunye lucwaningo lwebantfu labasha labadzala labangu-79 labenta i-Tower of London yekhompyutha kabili, emaviki lamabili ahlukene, emaphuzu abo eminyakato kulamalanga lamabili avumelana kancane kuphela (kuhlobana kwa-0.15), kantsi baba nesivinini lesikhulu ekuxazululeni [9]. Ngako tsatsa umphumela munye njengelusito lolulinganiselwa nje, futsi ubuke ematfuba lambalwa emalanga lahlukene kunekubuka inombolo yinye.

Imibuto levame kubutwa

Luhlolo lwe-Tower of London lukalani?

Lukala kuhlelela: kucabanga ngekulandzelana kweminjakato engcondvweni yakho ngaphambi kwekuyenta. Liphuzu leliyinhloko linani letinkinga lotixazulula ngeminyakato lembalwa kakhulu. Bacwaningi baphindze babuke kutsi bantfu bacabanga sikhatsi lesingakanani ngaphambi kwemnyakato wekucala, nekutsi benta iminyakato leminyenti kangakanani leyengetekile [1][5].

I-Tower of London iyafana yini ne-Tower of Hanoi?

Cha. Kuko kokubili kuhambiswa tintfo emkhatsini wetinsika letintsatfu, kodvwa ku-Tower of Hanoi uhambisa inqwaba yemadiski lanebukhulu lobehlukene, futsi awuvumelekile kubeka idiski lenkhulu etulu kwencane. Ku-Tower of London emabhola alingana, tinsika tiphatsa tinombolo letehlukene temabhola, futsi inkinga ngayinye inendlela yayo yemabhola lenjengenhloso.

Kungcono yini kuhlela kucala noma kuzama iminyakato?

Kubantfu ngekwesilinganiso, labo labacitsa sabelo lesikhulu sesikhatsi bahlela ngaphambi kwemnyakato wekucala bavame kwenta iminyakato lemincane leyengetekile [5]. Kodvwa kutjelwa kutsi uhlele sikhatsi lesidze akusiti ngaso sonkhe sikhatsi [7]. Zama letindlela totimbili ubone kutsi nguyiphi lokusebentela kahle.

Luhlolo lwe-Helibrain lwe-Tower of London lumahhala yini?

Yebo. Lomdlalo nawo wonkhe umphumela wakho kumahhala: akukho kubhalisa, i-imeyili noma kukhokha. Helibrain itsola imali ngeluhlelo lwayo lwe-app, lolungadzingeki kulomdlalo.

Luhlolo loluhlobene

Bona tonkhe tihlolo tengcondvo letingu-43 temahhala

Ufuna kusebenta ngaloku onkhe malanga? Uhlelo lwe-Helibrain (lusatfolakala ngesiNgisi kuphela) luneluhlelo lwamahhala kanye netinhlelo letikhokhelwako.

Caphuna leli khasi: Luhlolo lwe-Tower of London. Helibrain. 2026. https://helibrain.com/ss/tower-of-london-test. CC BY 4.0.

How this test works

This puzzle measures planning: thinking a few moves ahead before you act. Three pegs hold 3, 2 and 1 balls. Move one ball at a time to copy the goal picture in as few moves as possible. There are 16 problems that need 2 to 6 moves, and each one shows its fewest moves. Your main score is how many problems you solve in exactly the fewest moves. The neuropsychologist Tim Shallice designed this puzzle in 1982.

Version 1 · Cite this test:

Helibrain (2026). Tower of London test, v1. https://helibrain.com/tower-of-london-test/methods

Full method →

Imtfombo

  1. Shallice T (1982). Specific impairments of planning. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 298(1089):199–209. doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1982.0082
  2. Kaller CP, Rahm B, Köstering L, Unterrainer JM (2011). Reviewing the impact of problem structure on planning: a software tool for analyzing tower tasks. Behavioural Brain Research 216(1):1–8. doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2010.07.029
  3. Kaller CP, Unterrainer JM, Rahm B, Halsband U (2004). The impact of problem structure on planning: insights from the Tower of London task. Cognitive Brain Research 20(3):462–472. doi.org/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2004.04.002
  4. Berg WK, Byrd DL, McNamara JP, Case K (2010). Deconstructing the tower: parameters and predictors of problem difficulty on the Tower of London task. Brain and Cognition 72(3):472–482. doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2010.01.002
  5. Schumacher LV, Rahm B, Kaller CP, Schyle V, Weiller C, Unterrainer JM (2026). A novel index to measure pre-planning in the Tower of London task: test–retest reliability and known-group validity. British Journal of Psychology 117(3):1007–1025. doi.org/10.1111/bjop.70044
  6. Unterrainer JM, Rahm B, Leonhart R, Ruff CC, Halsband U (2003). The Tower of London: the impact of instructions, cueing, and learning on planning abilities. Cognitive Brain Research 17(3):675–683. doi.org/10.1016/S0926-6410(03)00191-5
  7. Phillips LH, Wynn VE, McPherson S, Gilhooly KJ (2001). Mental planning and the Tower of London task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A 54(2):579–597. doi.org/10.1080/713755977
  8. Jablonska K, Stanczyk M, Piotrowska M, Szymaszek A, Lukomska B, Bednarek H, Szelag E (2022). Age as a moderator of the relationship between planning and temporal information processing. Scientific Reports 12:1548. doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05316-6
  9. Piper BJ, Mueller ST, Geerken AR, Dixon KL, Kroliczak G, Olsen RHJ, Miller JK (2015). Reliability and validity of neurobehavioral function on the Psychology Experimental Building Language test battery in young adults. PeerJ 3:e1460. doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1460

Indlela lelikhasi lelakhiwe ngayo: libhalwe licembu laHelibrain kusetjentiswa tifundvo letibalwe ngenhla, lase libukwe nguRobert(SiNgisi) (umfundi locwaninga nge-biophysics alungiselela i-PhD) nga-11/4/2026. Silibuyeketa nakushintja imtfombo.