Asekyed n tebṛujt n Lunden

Semselsi talɣa n yiswi s drus n yisemselsiyen: xemmem ɣer zdat, sakin semselsi. 5 n tseddarin, s tlelli, war ajerriḍ.

Sɣur tarbaɛt n HelibrainIɛawed-as asenqed Robert(Taglizt), anelmad n doctorate deg biophysiqueYeffeɣ-d Asenqed aneggaru n

D acu i yeskanay urar-a

Tebṛujt n Lunden d puzzle aqbur n usɣiwel, yettwaseqdec deg tezrawin n tesnimant. Tḥerrek tibula yettwaberrzen gar kraḍ n teɣdaltin yesɛan tɣezzifin yemgaraden, akken ad tsemselsi talɣa n yiswi s drus n yisemselsiyen. Yessekney-d amek i txemmimeḍ ɣer zdat kra n yisemselsiyen send ad txedmeḍ [1].

Timsenɣerest Tim Shallice tesnulfa-d tawuri deg 1982 akken ad tzerrew asɣiwel [1]. Yal asteqsi yesɛa addad ameẓẓyan n yisemselsiyen, urar-a yesɛedday ma twiḍ ɣer yiswi s umḍan-nni, acḥal n yisemselsiyen ugar i tesriḍ, d wakud i tḥemmleḍ uqbel asemselsi amezwaru. Yecbeḥ cwiṭ i tebṛujt n Hanoi, maca ilugan d yisteqsiyen mxalafen.

Amḍan n yisemselsiyen mačči d ayen kan i yesfessayen asteqsi. Isteqsiyen ideg talɣa n yiswi yeǧǧa abrid n yisemselsiyen d ilelli, neɣ anda ilaq ad tsemselsiḍ tiblult seg umkan-is send, ttawi-yen i yimdanen aṭas n wakud i usɣiwel, xas ma d yiwen umḍan n yisemselsiyen [2][3][4].

Amek i yetteddun urar-a

  • Kraḍ n teɣdaltin ɣur-sent 3, 2 d 1 n tbula. Semselsi yiwet kan n tblult yal tikelt: tiblult i yellan nnig kan i izemren ad tettwaseḍfer, yerna ur ilaq ara ad tt-terreḍ ɣer teɣdalt taččurant.
  • Yal asteqsi yeskanay-d iswi d umḍan amezwaru n yisemselsiyen i ilaqen i wakken ad t-tawiḍ. Semselsi iswi s umḍan-nni n yisemselsiyen i wakken ad tferneḍ s telha.
  • 16 n yisteqsiyen, seg 2 alamma d 6 n yisemselsiyen, yal tikelt s waṭas n ccedda. Yal yiwen ad ifak seld 60 n tasint neɣ 20 n yisemselsiyen.
  • Senned ɣef tblult, sakin senned ɣef teɣdalt i tebɣiḍ ad t-terreḍ ɣer-s, neɣ ḥerrik-itt s uɛḍiḍ. S unasiw, seqdec tisura 1, 2 d 3 i wakken ad tawiḍ tiblult sakin ad tt-terreḍ.
  • Asteqsi awezlan n usmekti ad yili d amezwaru (tzemreḍ ad t-teǧǧeḍ). Deg yal tikkelt, tibula ad ttwalint s yiniyen imaynuten, ihi tikkelt tis snat ad tettban amaynut maca cwiṭ kan i d-yettbeddil.

Nesnulfa-d tagrumma-nneɣ n yisteqsiyen. Aselkem n usiwel deg 36 n waddaden merra n tbula yeqɛed belli amḍan ameẓẓyan n yisemselsiyen n yal asteqsi d ameɣtu, yerna seg 3 n yisemselsiyen d asawen, yal asteqsi ɣur-s yiwen kan n ubrid i d-yettawin ɣer uḍris s drus n yisemselsiyen. Iswiwen seddsen kraḍ n talɣiwin i ttsemgaraden yimnadiyen: akk tibula ɣef yiwet n teɣdalt, snat d yiwet, neɣ yiwet deg yal teɣdalt [2].

Amek ara teɣreḍ agmuḍ-ik

  • Yettwasewjed s drus n yisemselsiyen: agmuḍ agejdan-ik, amḍan n yisteqsiyen i tfarkeḍ s telha.
  • Isemselsiyen ugar: isemselsiyen ugar ɣef umḍan ameẓẓyan, deg yisteqsiyen i tfarkeḍ.
  • Aseɣti send asemselsi amezwaru: acḥal i tmuḍeḍ tmuɣli uqbel ad tḥerkeḍ tiblult. Imnadiyen ssawalen-as wakud n usɣiwel agejdan.
  • Amek i tfarkeḍ: amur n wakud-ik i tɛeṭṭleḍ uqbel asemselsi amezwaru, deg yisteqsiyen i d-yettawin ugar n wakud. Amur ameqqran yemmal belli tesɣiwleḍ aṭas deg wallaɣ-ik send asemselsi.

Deg yiwet n tezrawt ɣef 179 n yimezwura, wid i yettɛeṭṭilen s umur ameqqran n wakud-nsen i usɣiwel uqbel asemselsi amezwaru, ttwafen ttfaraken ugar n yisteqsiyen s drus n yisemselsiyen [5]. Asumer i yimdanen ad sɣiwlen uqbel ad bdun yefka-d lǧehd deg yiwet n tezrawt [6], maca mačči deg tayeḍ: deg-nni, imdanen sɣiwlen aṭas maca ur ssemselsayen ara s telha [7]. Ihi, ḥseb-d “amek i tfarkeḍ” d aglam n tikkelt-a, mačči d alugen.

Mi ara yurarent aṭas n yimdanen, agmuḍ-ik ad d-yesken daɣen anda telliḍ gar yurar n urar-a, s umur: ddaw n umagnu, amagnu neɣ nnig n umagnu. D amur, mačči d amḍan usdid, acku yiwet n tikkelt deg urar-a teskanay-d kan s talɣa tagensast amek i tsɣiwleḍ (wali ddaw-a). Iwaruren-nni d inedbalen n usmel-a, mačči d amedya i yemmalen akk imdanen.

D acu i d agmuḍ amagnu?

Ulac ilugan n umagnu i lqem-a. Deg lqem n tezrawt yesɛan 24 n yisteqsiyen iweɛren (4 ar 6 n yisemselsiyen), imezwura ssemselsayen 17 n 24 s umagnu s drus n yisemselsiyen, ma d imezwura yesɛan 61 ar 77 n yiseggasen ssemselsayen 13 [8]. Isteqsiyen-nneɣ, tilisa n wakud d yisekkiren mxalafen, ihi imḍanen-a d asatal, mačči d amsali.

D acu i yezmer ad d-yini urar-a, d acu ur yezmir ara ad d-yini

Tebṛujt n Lunden tettwaseqdec deg tezrawin n usɣiwel akked usenqed kliniki, maca asebter-a d urar, mačči d asekyed kliniki. Ur issekyad ara tamusni, yerna yiwet n tikkelt d aglam n yiwen wakud kan: aɛeyyu d yibenkan i tseqdaceḍ beddlen amek i txeddmeḍ.

Deg yiwet n tezrawt ɣef 79 n yimezwura, wid i yurarur tebṛujt n Lunden s uselkem sin n yiberdan, gar-asen sin n imalas, agmuḍ n yisemselsiyen-nsen deg sin n wassaren yemṣadan kan s talɣa taẓẓayt (tamselɣut 0.15), maca uɣalen sɣiwlen ɣer usemselsi [9]. Ihi, ḥseb-d yiwen n ugmuḍ d ameslay amatu kan, u wali tikkal yemgaraden deg wussan yemgaraden, mačči yiwen umḍan kan.

Isteqsiyen yettwasutren s waṭas

D acu i yesɛedday Asekyed n tebṛujt n Lunden?

Yessekyad asɣiwel: ad tfehmeḍ aseḍfer n yisemselsiyen deg wallaɣ-ik uqbel ad ten-tgeḍ. Agmuḍ agejdan d amḍan n yisteqsiyen i tfarkeḍ s drus n yisemselsiyen. Imnadiyen daɣen ttmuqqulen acḥal i yettxemmim umdan uqbel asemselsi amezwaru d umḍan n yisemselsiyen ugar i yegeḍ [1][5].

Tebṛujt n Lunden d yiwet akked tebṛujt n Hanoi?

Ala. Deg snat, tḥerrek iɣawsiwen gar kraḍ n teɣdaltin, maca deg tebṛujt n Hanoi tḥerrek ṭṭebla n yidiskuyen yemgaraden deg teɣzi, yerna ur tezmirḍ ara ad terreḍ adisk ameqqran ɣef wayeẓẓlan. Deg tebṛujt n Lunden, tibula meṛṛa kifkif deg teɣzi, teɣdaltin ttɛebbin imḍanen yemgaraden n tbula, yal asteqsi yesɛa talɣa n yiswi iman-is.

Yif ad sɣiwleɣ uqbel neɣ ad jarbeɣ isemselsiyen?

Gar yimdanen, wid i yettɛeṭṭilen s umur ameqqran n wakud-nsen i usɣiwel uqbel asemselsi amezwaru, ttɛeddin s yisemselsiyen ugar drus [5]. Maca asumer i yimdanen ad sɣiwlen aṭas ur yettɛawan ara yal tikelt [7]. Eɛreḍ snat n tarrayin, sakin wali anta i k-yettaɛǧiben.

Asekyed n tebṛujt n Lunden n Helibrain d urar s tlelli?

Ih. Urar d ugmuḍ-ik ummid s tlelli: war ajerriḍ, war imayl, war lexlaṣ. Helibrain tettawi-d idrimen seg usnas-is, ur teḥwiǧeḍ ara ad t-tesqedceḍ i urar-a.

Isekyaden icudden

Wali akk 43 n yisekyaden n uqerruy ilelliyen

Tebɣiḍ ad tɛerḍeḍ fell-as yal ass? Asnas n Helibrain (s tanglizt akka tura) yesɛa amtan ilelli d yamtanen s lexlaṣ.

Bder asebter-a d aɣbalu: Asekyed n tebṛujt n Lunden. Helibrain. 2026. https://helibrain.com/kab/tower-of-london-test. CC BY 4.0.

How this test works

This puzzle measures planning: thinking a few moves ahead before you act. Three pegs hold 3, 2 and 1 balls. Move one ball at a time to copy the goal picture in as few moves as possible. There are 16 problems that need 2 to 6 moves, and each one shows its fewest moves. Your main score is how many problems you solve in exactly the fewest moves. The neuropsychologist Tim Shallice designed this puzzle in 1982.

Version 1 · Cite this test:

Helibrain (2026). Tower of London test, v1. https://helibrain.com/tower-of-london-test/methods

Full method →

Iɣbula

  1. Shallice T (1982). Specific impairments of planning. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 298(1089):199–209. doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1982.0082
  2. Kaller CP, Rahm B, Köstering L, Unterrainer JM (2011). Reviewing the impact of problem structure on planning: a software tool for analyzing tower tasks. Behavioural Brain Research 216(1):1–8. doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2010.07.029
  3. Kaller CP, Unterrainer JM, Rahm B, Halsband U (2004). The impact of problem structure on planning: insights from the Tower of London task. Cognitive Brain Research 20(3):462–472. doi.org/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2004.04.002
  4. Berg WK, Byrd DL, McNamara JP, Case K (2010). Deconstructing the tower: parameters and predictors of problem difficulty on the Tower of London task. Brain and Cognition 72(3):472–482. doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2010.01.002
  5. Schumacher LV, Rahm B, Kaller CP, Schyle V, Weiller C, Unterrainer JM (2026). A novel index to measure pre-planning in the Tower of London task: test–retest reliability and known-group validity. British Journal of Psychology 117(3):1007–1025. doi.org/10.1111/bjop.70044
  6. Unterrainer JM, Rahm B, Leonhart R, Ruff CC, Halsband U (2003). The Tower of London: the impact of instructions, cueing, and learning on planning abilities. Cognitive Brain Research 17(3):675–683. doi.org/10.1016/S0926-6410(03)00191-5
  7. Phillips LH, Wynn VE, McPherson S, Gilhooly KJ (2001). Mental planning and the Tower of London task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A 54(2):579–597. doi.org/10.1080/713755977
  8. Jablonska K, Stanczyk M, Piotrowska M, Szymaszek A, Lukomska B, Bednarek H, Szelag E (2022). Age as a moderator of the relationship between planning and temporal information processing. Scientific Reports 12:1548. doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05316-6
  9. Piper BJ, Mueller ST, Geerken AR, Dixon KL, Kroliczak G, Olsen RHJ, Miller JK (2015). Reliability and validity of neurobehavioral function on the Psychology Experimental Building Language test battery in young adults. PeerJ 3:e1460. doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1460

Amek nga tasna-agi: tira sɣur tarbaɛt n Helibrain, seg tezrawin i d-yettwabedren nnig, u yettwasenqed sɣur Robert(Taglizt) (anelmad n doctorate deg biophysique) ass n 4 Nunembeṛ 2026. Ad tt-nesseɣti mi ara bedlen yiɣbula.