Urur n teɣruḍin s ukuz n tbaṭṭin

Kuz n tbaṭṭin, ilugan ffernen. Kra n tbaṭṭin ttawin aṭas, maca ttaran ugar; tayeḍ ttawin drus, ttaran drus. Tzemreḍ ad tent-tferqeḍ? Ɣef 5 n tesdatin, ilelli, ulac ajerred.

Sɣur tarbaɛt n HelibrainIɛawed-as asenqed Robert(Taglizt), anelmad n doctorate deg biophysiqueYeffeɣ-d Asenqed aneggaru n

Amek ara tɣreḍ agmuḍ-ik

  • Agmuḍ nniḍen: Tiferḍin seg snat n tbaṭṭin yelhan minus tiferḍin seg snat n tbaṭṭin n diri, deg 100 n tiferḍin akk. Yettawi seg −100 ar +100; ma yella yugar 0, d anemgal n tbaṭṭin i d-yettawin deg wakud i tferneḍ. D agmuḍ amagnu n Urur n teɣruḍin n Iowa [2].
  • Akurva n uselmed: D agmuḍ-nni i yal agraw n 20 n tiferḍin. Tifin nniḍen yettnernin s wakud yemmal-d belli tfahmeḍ anta tbaṭṭin i d-yettawin.
  • Anwa n tbaṭṭin i yellan: Mi yekfa wurar, agmuḍ yemmal-d anwa n yal tabaṭṭint. Adigen-nsent deg ugdil ttbeddilen i yal urar, ihi ur yezmir ara usebter-a ad ak-d-yefk tiririt uqbel wakud.
  • Aserwes akked yimurar-nniḍen: Mi ara tili tura almen 30 n yimdanen, agmuḍ ad d-yemmel amur n yimurar i ten-tɛeddaḍ.

D acu i d agmuḍ yelhan deg Urur n teɣruḍin n Iowa?

Agmuḍ nniḍen yugar 0 yemmal-d belli tferneḍ tbaṭṭin yelhan s waṭas ɣef tbaṭṭin n diri. Aṭas n yimdanen imdanen yettḥen walen ttawin agmuḍ ddaw n wayen tzemreḍ ad tɣileḍ: deg 330 n yimdanen imeɣta seg 4 n tezrawin ɣef talɣa-agi n wurar, agmuḍ nniḍen average deg 100 n tiferḍin yella 2,5, yerna azal n yiwen seg sin ifuk s agmuḍ ddaw n 0 [2][3].

Isalen s tazwara

  • D acu i yettwasenqaden: Ifranen deg tɣellist, aselmed seg tiririt d tiferḍin nniḍen akken ad tfehmeḍ anwa ifranen i d-yettawin deg uzemz, mi ara ilin ilugan ur d-yettwafham ara [1].
  • Anida i d-yekka: Antoine Bechara d yimdukal-is deg University of Iowa ssufɣen-it deg 1994. Imdanen yesɛan lǧerḥ deg kra n umur n lobe n tama n uqerruy (ventromedial prefrontal cortex) qqimen ttfernen tbaṭṭin n diri, ma d tuget n yimdanen imeɣta lemden ad tent-ttwexxiren [1].
  • Aḥeṭṭer: Tbaṭṭin yesɛan rebḥen imɣeṛṛen, sɛant daɣen lɣeṛṛa n tɣawsiwin i yettawin lɣeṛṛa. Tbaṭṭin s lɣeṛṛa n lɣeṛṛa tḥerzen imurar xas ma xesṛent idrimen: seg 602 n yimdanen imeɣta deg usenqed n isefka yeldin, tabaṭṭint B (rebḥen imɣeṛṛen, lɣeṛṛa n lɣeṛṛa n lɣeṛṛa) tettwafran aṭas [2][3].
  • Aselmed yettawi lweqt, imdanen mgaraden: Deg yisefka-nni, agmuḍ nniḍen average yuli seg azal n −3 deg tferḍin imezwura 20 ar azal n +4 deg tferḍin ineggura 20, imdanen mgaraden aṭas [3].
Asebded n yifeggagen i d-yemmalen acu i d-yettak yal anaw n tbaṭṭint ɣef 10 n teɣruḍin. Tbaṭṭin A d B rebḥent 1,000 n yinekta u xesrent 1,250 (A s 5 n lɣeṛṛa, B s yiwet): agmuḍ nniḍen −250. Tbaṭṭin C d D rebḥent 500 u xesrent 250 (C s 5 n lɣeṛṛa, D s yiwet): agmuḍ nniḍen +250.
Tawlaft 1. Rebḥen d lɣeṛṛa ɣef 10 n teɣruḍin n yal anaw n tbaṭṭint deg wurar-a, d tuddsa n wurar n 1994 [1]. Anawen ttbeddilen gar ukuz n tbaṭṭin deg ugdil i yal urar.

Bder asebter-a d aɣbalu: Urur n teɣruḍin s ukuz n tbaṭṭin. Helibrain. 2026. https://helibrain.com/kab/four-deck-card-game. CC BY 4.0.

Amek i yetteddu wurar

  1. Tebdid s 2 000 n yinekta akked ukuz n tbaṭṭin, i yettwaseḍfer s 1 ar 4.
  2. Fren taɣruḍt seg yal tabaṭṭint. Yal taɣruḍt tettekki-d inekta; kra n teɣruḍin ttakent inekta, maca kra ttawi-tent. Taɣruḍt teskanay-d sin-nsen di tikkelt.
  3. Kemmleḍ afran. Urar ad yekfu mbaɛd n umḍan yettwasbadun n tiferḍin (100). Kfu s waṭas n yinekta i tzemreḍ.

Yal tabaṭṭint tesɛa 40 n teɣruḍin; tabaṭṭint mi ara tfukk ur tettwafran ara tikkelt-nniḍen, am deg wurar amezwaru. Snat n tbaṭṭin rebḥent 100 n yinekta deg yal taɣruḍt, maca xesrent 1 250 deg yal 10 n teɣruḍin; snat-nniḍen rebḥent 50 deg yal taɣruḍt u xesrent 250 deg yal 10 n teɣruḍin (Tawlaft 1). Lɣeṛṛa ttbeddilent gar yal 10 n teɣruḍin, yerna adeg n tbaṭṭin yettbeddil deg yal urar.

Wagi d talɣa-nneɣ yeldin, tesɛa yiwet n tuddsa akked wurar i d-yeffɣen, mačči d Urur n teɣruḍin n Iowa™ yettwasellken i yettsen ad d-yessuffeɣ umeskar-is. Tiɣruḍin-is, lɣeṛṛa-s d umizzwer-is d wid nneɣ, ttwasuddsen i yal urar.

D acu i ibeddilen agmuḍ-ik

  • Acḥal i tferneḍ ad tessenqdeḍ. Aɛraḍ n yal tabaṭṭint zik yettɛawan-ak ad tlemdeḍ, maca yal taɣruḍt n diri tettak inekta.
  • D acu i tmuqleḍ. Lɣeṛṛa meqqren, drus n tikwal, zemren ad tettuḍ deg-sent; aṭas n yimdanen ttuɣalen ɣer tabaṭṭint B ɣef waya [2].
  • Ameẓlu ɣer uzemz. Urar yettak azal i tbaṭṭin i d-yettawin ɣef waṭas n teɣruḍin, mačči ɣef taɣruḍt i d-iteddun.
  • Aselmed. Mi ara tfehmeḍ amek iteddu, urar wis sin ad yili fessus. Sers asebded n wurar amezwaru ɣer wurar amezwaru.

D acu i yezmer ad ak-d-yini wurar-a, d acu i ur yezmir ara

Agmuḍ-ik nniḍen yemmal-d acḥal zik i d-tufiḍ tbaṭṭin tifrayanin deg yiwen n wurar. Mačči d aseɣẓan n tmusni, ur yezmir ara ad ak-d-yini kra ɣef tɣawsa n uqerruy-ik: imdanen imeɣta mgaraden aṭas deg wurar-a, ihi agmuḍ ddaw n wayen yettwasirem d ayen yellan s waṭas [2][3]. Mačči d asenqed n tɣawsa.

Talɣa-nneɣ tesɛa tuddsa i d-yeffɣen, maca agmuḍen-is ur ttwasefrasen ara s tidet akked tezrawin n lab: mgaraden deg wamek i d-ttakent teɣruḍin i yimdanen d umizzwer n teɣruḍin [3]. Imḍanen n usefru deg usebter-a d wid i nessefran s tarrayt-nneɣ seg isefka yeldin n 330 n yimdanen imeɣta i yurar talɣiwin yesɛan tuddsa am tin-nneɣ [3].

Tisteqsiyin yettwasutren s waṭas

D acu-t Urur n teɣruḍin n Iowa?

Urur n teɣruḍin n Iowa d urar n teɣruḍin i uselmed n ufran deg tɣellist, yessuffeɣ-it Bechara d yimdukal-is deg 1994. Imurar tfernen 100 n teɣruḍin seg ukuz n tbaṭṭin; snat ttakent rebḥen imɣeṛṛen d lɣeṛṛa meqqren, snat ttakent rebḥen d lɣeṛṛa drus. Agmuḍ yemmal-d acḥal i yefren umdan tbaṭṭin yelhan [1]. Urur n teɣruḍin n Helibrain d talɣa yeldin yesɛan yiwet n tuddsa.

Anwa tbaṭṭin i yelhan?

Deg Urur n teɣruḍin n Helibrain, tbaṭṭin yelhan ttbeddilent adeg i yal urar, ihi ulac tiririt yettwaḥerzen. Tbaṭṭin yelhan rebḥent drus deg yal taɣruḍt (50 n yinekta deg umḍiq n 100) maca xesrent aṭas drus, ihi ttawi-d rebḥen deg yal 10 n teɣruḍin. Agmuḍ yemmal-ak anwa tabaṭṭint i d-yella yal yiwen.

Acuɣer aṭas n yimdanen s agmuḍ ddaw n zero?

Rebḥen imɣeṛṛen jebden, tabaṭṭint yesɛan lɣeṛṛa meqqren mi ara tili drus (am tabaṭṭint B) tettban-d yelhan deg tuget n lweqt. Deg yisefka yeldin seg yimdanen imeɣta, tabaṭṭint B tettwafran aṭas, yerna aṭas n yimdanen ur beddlen ara ɣer tbaṭṭin yelhan [2][3]. Agmuḍ nniḍen d ayen yettwasen s waṭas, ur d-yemmal ara kra ɣef tɣawsa-ik.

D wagi Urur n teɣruḍin n Iowa s tidet?

Ala. Urur n teɣruḍin n Iowa d asekyed yettwasellken, yettsen-it umeskar-is. Urur n teɣruḍin n Helibrain d talɣa-nneɣ s tuddsa i d-yeffɣen: rebḥen d lɣeṛṛa kifkif ɣef yal 10 n teɣruḍin, maca amizzwer n teɣruḍin-nneɣ yettbeddil i yal urar [1]. Ihi agmuḍen-is qriben ɣer agmuḍen n usekyed yettwasellken, maca mačči kifkif.

D urur n teɣruḍin n Helibrain ilelli s tidet?

Ih. Urur n teɣruḍin n Helibrain akked agmuḍ-ik ummid d ilelli: ulac ajerred, ulac imayl, ulac axelleṣ. Helibrain tettafeɣ idrimen seg usnas-is, yesɛa amyezwar ilelli d amyezwar s uxelleṣ; ur tesriḍ ara asnas akken ad turareḍ.

Isekyaden icudden

Wali akk 43 n yisekyaden n uqerruy ilelliyen

Tebɣiḍ ad tɛerḍeḍ fell-as yal ass? Asnas n Helibrain (s tanglizt akka tura) yesɛa amtan ilelli d yamtanen s lexlaṣ.

Bder asebter-a d aɣbalu: Urur n teɣruḍin s ukuz n tbaṭṭin. Helibrain. 2026. https://helibrain.com/kab/four-deck-card-game. CC BY 4.0.

How this test works

This game is about learning which choices pay off when nobody tells you the rules. You start with 2,000 points and pick 100 cards from four decks. Every card wins points, and some cards also take points away. Two decks win big but lose more over time. The other two win less but come out ahead. Your score is your picks from the good decks minus your picks from the bad decks. It follows a card task first published in 1994.

Version 1 · Cite this test:

Helibrain (2026). Four-deck card game, v1. https://helibrain.com/four-deck-card-game/methods

Full method →

Iɣbula

  1. Bechara A, Damasio AR, Damasio H, Anderson SW (1994). Insensitivity to future consequences following damage to human prefrontal cortex. Cognition 50(1–3):7–15. doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(94)90018-3
  2. Steingroever H, Wetzels R, Horstmann A, Neumann J, Wagenmakers E-J (2013). Performance of healthy participants on the Iowa Gambling Task. Psychological Assessment 25(1):180–193. doi.org/10.1037/a0029929
  3. Steingroever H, Fridberg DJ, Horstmann A, et al. (2015). Data from 617 healthy participants performing the Iowa Gambling Task: a "many labs" collaboration. Journal of Open Psychology Data 3:e5. doi.org/10.5334/jopd.ak (data: osf.io/8t7rm, CC BY 4.0; the per-block numbers on this page are our own calculation from these data)

Amek nga tasna-agi: tira sɣur tarbaɛt n Helibrain, seg tezrawin i d-yettwabedren nnig, u yettwasenqed sɣur Robert(Taglizt) (anelmad n doctorate deg biophysique) ass n 4 Nunembeṛ 2026. Ad tt-nesseɣti mi ara bedlen yiɣbula.