Wasan Kati Mai Fakitoci Huɗu

Fakiti huɗu, ƙa'idoji a ɓoye. Wasu fakiti suna ba da babbar nasara amma kuma babban rashi; wasu kuma ƙaramin nasara da ƙaramin rashi. Za ka iya bambance su? Kimanin minti 5 ne, kyauta, ba sai an yi rajista ba.

Daga ƙungiyar HelibrainRobert(Turanci), ɗan takarar digiri na uku a fannin kimiyyar lissafi na halittu, ya duba shiAn wallafa An sake dubawa

Yadda za ka karanta sakamakonka

  • Jimillar maki: adadin zaɓukan da ka yi daga fakiti biyu masu kyau, a cire zaɓukan fakiti biyu marasa kyau, cikin duk zaɓukan 100. Yana daga −100 zuwa +100; idan ya haura 0, kana fifita fakitin da ke kawo riba a kan lokaci. Wannan shi ne makin da aka saba amfani da shi a Gwajin Caca na Iowa [2].
  • Jadawalin koyo: wannan makin ne ga kowane rukuni na zaɓuka 20. Sanduna masu ƙaruwa suna nuna cewa yayin da kake ci gaba, ka gane fakitin da ke kawo riba.
  • Irin fakitin: bayan wasan, sakamakon zai nuna maka irin kowane fakiti. Ana gauraya matsayinsu a allon a kowane wasa, don haka wannan shafi ba zai tona amsar ba.
  • Kwatanta da sauran 'yan wasa: bayan aƙalla mutane 30 sun yi wasa, sakamakon zai nuna kaso na 'yan wasan da ka fi maki.

Wane maki ne mai kyau a Gwajin Caca na Iowa?

Jimillar maki sama da 0 na nufin ka zaɓi fakiti masu kyau fiye da marasa kyau. Manya da dama masu ƙoshin lafiya suna samun ƙasa da yadda za ka yi zato: a cikin manya masu ƙoshin lafiya 330 daga bincike 4 na wannan sigar gwajin, matsakaicin jimillar maki bayan zaɓuka 100 ya kasance 2.5, kuma kusan rabinsu sun ƙare da maki ƙasa da 0 [2][3].

Muhimman bayanai

  • Abin da yake aunawa: yanke shawara a cikin rashin tabbas: koyon wane zaɓi ne ke kawo riba a dogon lokaci daga nasara da rashi, alhali ba a taɓa bayyana ƙa'idojin ba [1].
  • Asalinsa: Antoine Bechara da abokan aikinsa a Jami'ar Iowa ne suka wallafa shi a 1994. Mutanen da suka samu lahani a wani ɓangare na gaban ƙwaƙwalwa (ɓangaren ventromedial prefrontal cortex) sun ci gaba da zaɓar fakiti marasa kyau, yayin da yawancin masu ƙoshin lafiya suka koyi guje musu [1].
  • Tarkon: fakitin da ke da babbar nasara suna kuma da babban rashi. Fakiti masu ƙarancin aukuwar rashi suna da jan hankali duk da cewa suna jawo asarar kuɗi: cikin manya masu ƙoshin lafiya 602 a wani tarin bayanai na buɗe, an fi zaɓar fakiti B (babbar nasara, ƙarancin manyan asara) [2][3].
  • Koyo yana ɗaukar lokaci kuma ya bambanta: a cikin waɗannan bayanan, matsakaicin jimillar maki ya ƙaru daga kusan −3 a zaɓuka 20 na farko zuwa kusan +4 a zaɓuka 20 na ƙarshe, kuma mutane sun bambanta sosai [3].
Jadawalin sanduna na abin da kowane irin fakiti ke bayarwa a kati 10. Fakiti A da B suna ba da maki 1,000 kuma suna rage 1,250 (A a rashi biyar, B a rashi ɗaya): jimilla minus 250. Fakiti C da D suna ba da 500 kuma suna rage 250 (C a rashi biyar, D a rashi ɗaya): jimilla plus 250.
Hoto na 1. Nasarori da asarori a kati 10 na kowane irin fakiti a wannan wasan, bisa tsarin gwajin 1994 [1]. Ana gauraya irin fakitin a matsayinsu huɗu na allon a kowane wasa.

Yadda wasan yake aiki

  1. Za ka fara da maki 2,000 da fakiti huɗu masu lamba daga 1 zuwa 4.
  2. Zaɓi kati daga kowane fakiti. Kowane kati yana ba da maki; wasu katunan kuma suna rage maki. Katin yana nuna duka a lokaci guda.
  3. Ci gaba da zaɓa. Wasan yana ƙarewa bayan adadin zaɓuka da aka ƙayyade (100). Ka gama da yawan maki gwargwadon iyawarka.

Kowane fakiti yana da katuna 40; idan katunan fakiti sun ƙare, ba za a sake zaɓarsa ba, kamar yadda yake a gwajin asali. Iri biyu na fakiti suna ba da maki 100 a kowane kati amma suna rage jimillar 1,250 a kowane kati 10; sauran biyun suna ba da 50 a kowane kati kuma suna rage jimillar 250 a kowane kati 10 (Hoto na 1). Ana gauraya asarori cikin kowane kati 10, kuma matsayen fakiti suna canzawa a kowane wasa.

Wannan sigarmu ce ta buɗe wadda take da tsari iri ɗaya da gwajin da aka wallafa, ba Gwajin Caca na Iowa™ mai lasisi da mawallafinsa ke sayarwa ba. Katunanta, asarar da ke cikinta da kuma jerinsu namu ne, kuma ana sake tsara su a kowane wasa.

Abubuwan da ke shafar makin ka

  • Yawan binciken da ka yi. Gwada kowane fakiti da wuri yana taimaka maka ka koya, amma kowane kati mara kyau yana rage maki.
  • Abin da ka lura da shi. Ana iya mantawa da manyan asarori masu ƙarancin aukuwar gaske; saboda haka mutane da yawa suna ci gaba da komawa fakiti B [2].
  • Tunani na dogon lokaci. Gwajin yana ba da lada ga fakitin da ke cin riba a katuna da yawa, ba a kati na gaba kawai ba.
  • Atisaye. Da zarar ka fahimci dabarar, wasa na biyu zai fi sauƙi. Kwatanta wasanka na farko da wasannin farko na wasu.

Abin da wannan wasan zai iya da ba zai iya gaya maka ba

Jimillar makinka tana nuna saurin da ka gano fakiti mafi kyau a wasa ɗaya. Ba ma'aunin hankali ba ne, kuma ba zai iya gaya maka komai game da lafiyar ƙwaƙwalwarka ba: sakamakon manya masu ƙoshin lafiya ya bambanta sosai a wannan gwajin, don haka ƙaramin maki abu ne da aka saba gani [2][3]. Ba gwajin gano cuta ba ne.

Sigarmu tana riƙe da tsarin da aka wallafa, amma ba za a iya kwatanta makin kai tsaye da na binciken dakin gwaje-gwaje ba: hanyoyin biyan mahalarta da kuma ainihin jerin katuna sun bambanta [3]. Lambobin kwatancen da ke wannan shafi mun samo su ne daga lissafinmu ta amfani da bayanan buɗe na manya masu ƙoshin lafiya 330 da suka yi sigogin da suke da tsari iri ɗaya da namu [3].

Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi

Menene Gwajin Caca na Iowa?

Gwajin Caca na Iowa wasa ne na kati don nazarin yanke shawara a cikin rashin tabbas, wanda Bechara da abokan aikinsa suka wallafa a 1994. 'Yan wasa suna zaɓar katuna 100 daga fakiti huɗu; fakiti biyu suna ba da babbar nasara da manyan asarori, fakiti biyun kuma suna ba da ƙaramin nasara da ƙananan asarori. Makin yana nuna yadda mutum yake fifita fakiti masu kyau [1]. Wasan kati na Helibrain mai fakiti huɗu sigar buɗe ce mai irin wannan tsari.

Waɗanne fakiti ne masu kyau?

A wasan kati na Helibrain mai fakiti huɗu, fakiti masu kyau suna sauya matsayi a kowane wasa, don haka babu amsa tabbatacciya. Fakiti masu kyau suna ba da ƙaramin maki a kowane kati (50 maimakon 100) amma asararsu ta fi ƙanƙanta sosai, don haka jimillarsu tana ƙaruwa bayan kowane kati 10. Allon sakamako zai gaya maka irin kowane fakiti.

Me ya sa mutane da yawa ke samun maki ƙasa da sifili?

Babbar nasara tana da jan hankali, kuma fakiti mai ƙarancin aukuwar manyan asarori (kamar fakiti B) yana sa mutum ya ji daɗi mafi yawan lokaci. A bayanan buɗe na manya masu ƙoshin lafiya, fakiti B shi ne aka fi so, kuma mutane da yawa ba su taɓa dagewa kan zaɓar fakiti masu kyau ba [2][3]. Maki mara kyau abu ne da aka saba gani kuma ba ya nuna komai game da lafiyarka.

Wannan shi ne ainihin Gwajin Caca na Iowa?

A'a. Gwajin Caca na Iowa gwaji ne mai lasisi da mawallafinsa ke sayarwa. Wasan kati na Helibrain mai fakiti huɗu sigarmu ce mai tsarin da aka wallafa: nasarori da asarori iri ɗaya a kati 10, amma jerin katunan namu ne kuma ana gauraya shi a kowane wasa [1]. Saboda haka makin nasa yana kusa da na gwajin mai lasisi amma ba ɗaya ba ne.

Wasan kati na Helibrain kyauta ne da gaske?

I, wasan kati na Helibrain mai fakiti huɗu da cikakken sakamakonka kyauta ne: ba sai an yi rajista ba, babu imel, babu biyan kuɗi. Helibrain yana samun kuɗi daga manhajarsa, wadda take da tsarin kyauta da tsarin biyan kuɗi; ba sai ka yi amfani da manhajar don yin wasa ba.

Gwaje-gwaje masu alaƙa

Duba dukkan 43 gwaje-gwajen ƙwaƙwalwa kyauta

Kana son yin wannan kowace rana? Manhajar Helibrain (cikin Turanci a yanzu) tana da tsarin kyauta da tsare-tsaren biyan kuɗi.

Majiyoyi

  1. Bechara A, Damasio AR, Damasio H, Anderson SW (1994). Insensitivity to future consequences following damage to human prefrontal cortex. Cognition 50(1–3):7–15. doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(94)90018-3
  2. Steingroever H, Wetzels R, Horstmann A, Neumann J, Wagenmakers E-J (2013). Performance of healthy participants on the Iowa Gambling Task. Psychological Assessment 25(1):180–193. doi.org/10.1037/a0029929
  3. Steingroever H, Fridberg DJ, Horstmann A, et al. (2015). Data from 617 healthy participants performing the Iowa Gambling Task: a "many labs" collaboration. Journal of Open Psychology Data 3:e5. doi.org/10.5334/jopd.ak (data: osf.io/8t7rm, CC BY 4.0; per-block numbers on this page lissafinmu ne daga waɗannan bayanai)

Yadda muka ƙirƙiri wannan shafi: ƙungiyar Helibrain ce ta rubuta shi daga binciken da aka jera a sama, kuma Robert(Turanci) (ɗan takarar digiri na uku a fannin kimiyyar lissafi na halittu) ya duba shi a ranar 4 Nuwamba, 2026. Muna sabunta shi idan majiyoyin sun canja.