Kev Ua Si Phaib Plaub Pawg

Muaj plaub pawg phaib thiab cov cai muab zais. Qee pawg yeej tau ntau tiam sis kuj poob ntau; lwm pawg yeej tsawg dua thiab poob tsawg dua. Koj cais puas tau lawv? Siv sijhawm kwv yees 5 feeb, ua si dawb, tsis tas sau npe.

Sau los ntawm pab neeg HelibrainTshuaj xyuas los ntawm Robert(Lus Askiv), tus tab tom kawm qib PhD hauv biophysicsLuam tawm Zaum kawg tshuaj xyuas

Nyeem koj qhov txiaj ntsig li cas

  • Qhab nia seem: suav cov kev xaiv ntawm 2 pawg zoo rho cov kev xaiv ntawm 2 pawg phem, ntawm tag nrho 100 zaug xaiv. Qhab nia yog txij −100 txog +100; yog siab dua 0 ces txhais tias koj xaiv cov pawg uas muab nqi zog dhau sijhawm ntau dua. Qhov no yog qhab nia ib txwm siv rau Kev Ua Si Iowa [2].
  • Txoj kev kawm: yog tib qhab nia ntawd rau txhua ntu uas muaj 20 zaug xaiv. Yog cov kab nce siab ces txhais tias koj maj mam paub tias pawg twg muab nqi zog.
  • Pawg phaib twg yog pawg twg: tom qab ua si tag, qhov txiaj ntsig qhia tias txhua pawg yog hom twg. Qhov chaw tso lawv saum npoo yog muab sib xyaw dua txhua zaus, yog li nplooj ntawv no tsis qhia cov lus teb ua ntej.
  • Sib piv nrog lwm tus neeg ua si: thaum muaj tsawg kawg 30 tus neeg ua si lawm, qhov txiaj ntsig qhia seb koj yeej pes tsawg feem pua ntawm cov neeg ua si.

Qhov qhab nia zoo ntawm Kev Ua Si Iowa yog li cas?

Yog qhab nia seem siab dua 0 ces txhais tias koj xaiv cov pawg zoo ntau dua cov pawg phem. Ntau tus laus noj qab nyob zoo tau qhab nia qis dua qhov koj xav: ntawm 330 tus laus noj qab nyob zoo hauv 4 txoj kev tshawb fawb siv hom haujlwm no, qhab nia seem nruab nrab tom qab xaiv 100 zaug yog 2.5, thiab kwv yees ib nrab tau qhab nia qis dua 0 [2][3].

Lus qhia ceev

  • Nws ntsuas dab tsi: kev txiav txim siab thaum tsis paub tseeb: kawm los ntawm kev yeej thiab kev poob seb cov kev xaiv twg yuav muab nqi zog ntev mus, thaum tsis muaj leej twg piav cov cai [1].
  • Nws los qhov twg: Antoine Bechara thiab nws cov npoj yaig hauv University of Iowa luam tawm xyoo 1994. Cov neeg uas puas tsuaj rau ib feem ntawm lub hlwb frontal lobe (ventromedial prefrontal cortex) pheej xaiv cov pawg phem, hos feem coob ntawm cov neeg noj qab nyob zoo kawm paub zam lawv [1].
  • Qhov cuab ntxiab: cov pawg uas yeej ntau kuj muaj kev poob loj. Cov pawg uas poob tsawg zaus yeej nyiam xaiv, txawm tias thaum suav tag lawv ua rau poob nyiaj: ntawm 602 tus laus noj qab nyob zoo hauv ib lub chaw khaws ntaub ntawv qhib, pawg B (yeej ntau, poob loj heev tsawg zaus) raug xaiv ntau tshaj [2][3].
  • Kev kawm qeeb thiab txawv ntawm ib leeg: hauv tib cov ntaub ntawv ntawd, qhab nia seem nruab nrab nce ntawm kwv yees −3 hauv thawj 20 zaug xaiv mus txog kwv yees +4 hauv 20 zaug kawg, thiab tib neeg cov qhab nia sib txawv heev [3].
Daim duab kab qhia qhov nyiaj tau thiab poob ntawm txhua hom pawg phaib hauv txhua 10 daim. Pawg A thiab B yeej 1,000 ntsiab lus thiab poob 1,250 (A poob hauv tsib zaug, B poob ib zaug): tshuav rho 250. Pawg C thiab D yeej 500 thiab poob 250 (C poob hauv tsib zaug, D poob ib zaug): tshuav ntxiv 250.
Daim duab 1. Kev yeej thiab kev poob ntawm txhua 10 daim phaib ntawm txhua hom pawg hauv qhov kev ua si no; tus qauv no yog raws li txoj haujlwm xyoo 1994 [1]. Txhua zaus ua si, cov hom pawg raug muab sib xyaw rau plaub qhov chaw saum npoo.

Kev ua si ua haujlwm li cas

  1. Koj pib nrog 2,000 ntsiab lus thiab muaj plaub pawg phaib, cim tus lej 1 txog 4.
  2. Xaiv ib daim phaib ntawm pawg twg los tau. Txhua daim phaib muab ntsiab lus rau koj; qee daim kuj rho ntsiab lus ntawm koj. Daim phaib qhia ob yam tib txhij.
  3. Xaiv ntxiv mus. Qhov kev ua si xaus tom qab xaiv tas tus naj npawb uas tau teem tseg (100). Thaum kawg sim kom koj muaj ntsiab lus ntau li ntau tau.

Txhua pawg muaj 40 daim phaib; yog xaiv tas ib pawg lawm ces xaiv tsis tau ntxiv, ib yam li hauv txoj haujlwm qub. Ob hom pawg yeej 100 ntsiab lus ib daim tiam sis poob 1,250 rau txhua 10 daim; ob pawg ntxiv yeej 50 ib daim thiab poob 250 rau txhua 10 daim (Daim duab 1). Cov phaib uas poob raug muab sib xyaw rau hauv txhua 10 daim, thiab qhov chaw tso pawg hloov txhua zaus ua si.

Qhov no yog peb tus qauv qhib uas muaj tus qauv tib yam li txoj haujlwm uas luam tawm lawm; nws tsis yog Iowa Gambling Task™ uas tus tshaj tawm muaj ntawv tso cai muag. Cov phaib, kev poob thiab kev sib lawv liag yog peb tus kheej tsim, thiab muab tsim tshiab rau txhua zaus ua si.

Yam cuam tshuam koj qhov qhab nia

  • Koj sim xaiv pawg ntau npaum li cas. Sim txhua pawg thaum ntxov pab kom koj kawm paub, tiam sis txhua daim phem yuav rho ntsiab lus.
  • Yam koj nco pom. Yooj yim hnov qab cov kev poob loj uas tshwm tsawg zaus thaum nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov zaug ntawd; vim li no coob leej pheej rov xaiv pawg B [2].
  • Xav txog yav tom ntej. Txoj haujlwm muab nqi zog rau cov pawg uas yeej thaum suav ntau daim, tsis yog daim tom ntej xwb.
  • Xyaum. Thaum koj paub txoj kev lawm, ua zaum ob yooj yim dua. Sib piv thawj zaug ua si nrog lwm tus thawj zaug ua si.

Qhov kev ua si no qhia tau thiab qhia tsis tau dab tsi

Koj qhov qhab nia seem qhia tias koj nrhiav tau cov pawg zoo dua sai npaum li cas hauv ib zaug ua si. Nws tsis ntsuas kev txawj ntse thiab qhia tsis tau dab tsi txog kev noj qab nyob zoo ntawm koj lub hlwb: cov qhab nia ntawm cov laus noj qab nyob zoo sib txawv heev hauv txoj haujlwm no, yog li qhab nia qis yog ib yam uas tshwm ntau [2][3]. Qhov no tsis yog kev kuaj mob.

Peb tus qauv khaws tus qauv uas luam tawm lawm, tiam sis cov qhab nia piv tsis tau ncaj qha rau cov kev tshawb fawb hauv chav sim: cov kev tshawb fawb ntawd them nyiaj rau cov neeg koom sib txawv thiab siv kev sib lawv liag ntawm phaib txawv [3]. Cov lej siv los piv rau hauv nplooj ntawv no yog peb tus kheej xam los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv qhib ntawm 330 tus laus noj qab nyob zoo uas ua cov qauv haujlwm zoo li peb li [3].

Cov lus nquag nug

Kev Ua Si Iowa yog dab tsi?

Kev Ua Si Iowa yog ib qho kev ua si phaib siv los kawm txog kev txiav txim siab thaum tsis paub tseeb; Bechara thiab nws cov npoj yaig luam tawm xyoo 1994. Cov neeg ua si xaiv 100 daim phaib ntawm plaub pawg; ob pawg muab yeej ntau tiam sis poob ntau dua, hos ob pawg muab yeej tsawg dua thiab poob tsawg dua. Qhab nia qhia seb tus neeg xaiv cov pawg zoo ntau npaum li cas [1]. Helibrain qhov kev ua si phaib plaub pawg yog ib tus qauv qhib uas muaj tus qauv tib yam.

Cov pawg twg yog pawg zoo?

Hauv Helibrain qhov kev ua si phaib plaub pawg, cov pawg zoo hloov chaw txhua zaus ua si, yog li tsis muaj lus teb ruaj khov. Cov pawg zoo yeej tsawg dua ib daim (50 ntsiab lus hloov ntawm 100) tiam sis poob tsawg dua heev, ces suav txhua 10 daim lawv yeej ntau dua qhov poob. Nplooj ntawv qhia qhov txiaj ntsig yuav qhia tias pawg twg yog hom twg.

Vim li cas coob leej tau qhab nia qis dua xoom?

Kev yeej ntau ntxias neeg, thiab pawg uas poob loj heev tsawg zaus (xws li pawg B) zoo li muab yeej feem ntau. Hauv cov ntaub ntawv qhib ntawm cov laus noj qab nyob zoo, pawg B yog pawg nyiam tshaj plaws thiab coob leej yeej tsis xaiv tau cov pawg zoo tas li [2][3]. Qhab nia qis dua xoom tshwm ntau thiab tsis qhia dab tsi txog koj txoj kev noj qab nyob zoo.

Qhov no puas yog Kev Ua Si Iowa tiag?

Tsis yog. Kev Ua Si Iowa yog ib qho kev xeem uas tus tshaj tawm muaj ntawv tso cai muag. Helibrain qhov kev ua si phaib plaub pawg yog peb tus qauv uas muaj tus qauv luam tawm tib yam: kev yeej thiab kev poob ib yam rau txhua 10 daim, tiam sis peb muaj peb tus kheej kev sib lawv liag ntawm phaib thiab muab sib xyaw rau txhua zaus ua si [1]. Yog li cov qhab nia ze rau cov qhab nia ntawm qhov kev xeem muaj ntawv tso cai, tiam sis tsis yog tib yam.

Helibrain qhov kev ua si phaib puas yog dawb tiag?

Yog. Helibrain qhov kev ua si phaib plaub pawg thiab koj cov txiaj ntsig tag nrho yog dawb: tsis tas sau npe, tsis tas muaj email, tsis tas them nyiaj. Helibrain khwv nyiaj los ntawm nws lub app, uas muaj hom siv dawb thiab hom them nyiaj; koj tsis tas siv lub app los ua si.

Cov kev xeem muaj feem

Saib tag nrho 43 qhov kev xeem hlwb dawb

Koj puas xav xyaum qhov no txhua hnub? Lub Helibrain app (tam sim no muaj ua lus Askiv xwb) muaj ib txoj kev siv dawb thiab lwm txoj kev siv them nyiaj.

Cov ntaub ntawv siv

  1. Bechara A, Damasio AR, Damasio H, Anderson SW (1994). Insensitivity to future consequences following damage to human prefrontal cortex. Cognition 50(1–3):7–15. doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(94)90018-3
  2. Steingroever H, Wetzels R, Horstmann A, Neumann J, Wagenmakers E-J (2013). Performance of healthy participants on the Iowa Gambling Task. Psychological Assessment 25(1):180–193. doi.org/10.1037/a0029929
  3. Steingroever H, Fridberg DJ, Horstmann A, et al. (2015). Data from 617 healthy participants performing the Iowa Gambling Task: a "many labs" collaboration. Journal of Open Psychology Data 3:e5. doi.org/10.5334/jopd.ak (data: osf.io/8t7rm, CC BY 4.0; cov lej faib ua ntu hauv nplooj ntawv no yog peb tus kheej xam los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no)

Peb tsim nplooj ntawv no li cas: pab neeg Helibrain sau raws li cov kev tshawb fawb teev saum no, thiab Robert(Lus Askiv) (tus neeg sib tw kawm PhD hauv biophysics) tshuaj xyuas thaum November 4, 2026. Peb hloov nplooj ntawv thaum cov ntaub ntawv siv hloov.