Luhlolo Lwekungavi Emathoni

Uyakhona kuva kutsi nguliphi lithoni leliphezulu? Tfola umehluko lomncane wethoni lowuvako, phindza ushaye sigci bese wetama kubita emathoni. Kutsatsa cishe emaminithi la-4, kumahhala: akudzingeki kubhalisa.

Kubhalwe licembu laHelibrainKubukwe nguRobert(SiNgisi), umfundi locwaninga nge-biophysics alungiselela i-PhDKushicilelwe Kugcine kubukwe

Kufundza umphumela wakho

  • Umehluko lomncane wethoni lowuvile: ukalwa ngema-cent. Umehluko welithoni lelincane, lokusuka elukhiye lwepiyano uye kulolulandzelako, ungema-cent la-100. Lona ngumahluko lowukhone kuwubona cishe tikhatsi leti-7 kuleti-10. Lona lomncane usho kuva lokunembe kakhulu.
  • Tigci letifanisiwe: mangaki emkhatsini wetigci leti-5 lokhone kutiphindza ngendlela lesondzele. Lijubane alibaleki: kushaya kwakho kwelulwa kufika ebudzeni besigci ngaphambi kwekucatsanisa.
  • Liphutsa lesikhatsi sesigci: nge-avareji, likhulu kangakanani ligebe ngalinye emkhatsini wekushaya kwakho neligebe lesigci, njengelikhulu lelingakanani.
  • Emathoni lobitile (incenye yekutikhetsela): mangaki emathoni lodvwa lobite wona kahle. Lithoni lelisuka ngelithoni lelincane linye likunika emaphuzu latsite kulinani lemaphesenti, ngendlela labacwaningi babala ngayo [1].

Indlebe levamile ivakala kahle kangakanani?

Umehluko welithoni lelincane ungema-cent la-100. Etifundvweni taselabhorethri, bantfu labavamile labangaculi bangalubona luhluko lwethoni lolucishe lube ngemacent la-12 kuya ku-35, kantsi baculi labaceceshiwe bangalubona lolucishe lube ngemacent la-2 kuya ku-17 [2][3][4]. Kutivocavoca kuyasita kakhulu: labangaculi bafinyelela ezingeni lebaculi ngemuva kwema-awa la-4 kuya ku-8 ekucecesheni [2]. Kungavi emathoni kweliciniso (i-amusia letalwa nayo) akuvamile, cishe ku-1.5% webantfu labadzala [5].

Emaqiniso lasheshako

  • Kungavi emathoni akuvamile: cishe ku-1.5% webantfu labadzala bane-amusia letalwa nayo, inkinga yekuphila konkhe yekuva emathoni emculo, ngekuya kwesifundvo lesiku-inthanethi lesahlatiya bantfu labadzala labacishe babe ngu-16,600 [5]. Bantfu labanyenti kakhulu batsi "angikhoni kuhlabela".
  • Kucecesha kwenta kuva emathoni kube bukhali: emacembu emathoni ebaculi bemculo wakudala bekacala anembe ngalokuphindzelela ngetikhatsi letingetulu kwe-6 kunalabangebona baculi. Labangaculi bavala leligebe ngemuva kwema-awa la-4 kuya ku-8 ekutivocavoceni [2].
  • Kuva lithoni lephelele kuncike ekucecesheni kwasebuncaneni naselulwimini: kubafundzi bemculo labacala tifundvo baneminyaka le-4 kuya ku-5, cishe 60% eBeijing na-14% esikolweni semculo e-US bebava emathoni laphelele [6].
  • "1 ku-10,000" linani lelingetsembeki kakhulu: linani lelivame kucashunwa lekuva lithoni lephelele lisuselwa esilinganisweni sa-1955, lebesisekelwe kubaculi umcwaningi munye labahlangana nabo ngenhlanhla, hhayi esampuleni leyakhetfwa ngekuhleleka [7].
  • Wonkhe umuntfu ushaya kusengaphambili: nawushaya uhambisana nesigci, bantfu labanyenti bashaya kusasele ema-millisecond lambalwa kuya emashumini ema-millisecond [8].

Indlela luhlolo lwekungavi emathoni lolusebenza ngayo

  1. Hlola umsindvo. Uva emathoni lamane lakhuphukako, khona utewubeka umsindvo ezingeni lelikhululekile. Lomsindvo lomkhulu awenti kutsi uve kancono.
  2. Liphezulu noma liphansi? Kudlala emathoni lamabili, ngalokulandelana. Lesibili beliphakeme noma liphansi? Lizinga lelithoni lekucala liyashintja njalo, emkhatsini wa-330 na-660 Hz, ngako angeke ufundze lithoni lelilodwa lelingashintji. Umehluko ucala ku-100 cent. Ngemuva kwekuphendvula kahle kabili kulandelana uba mncane; nawuphendvula kabi uba mkhulu. Lomtsetfo lotsi "2 phansi, 1 etulu" utfolisa lizinga lapho uphendvula khona kahle cishe ku-71% wetikhatsi [9]. Uyema ngemuva kwemaphuzu ekugucuka la-10, bese umphumela wakho uba yi-avareji yemaphuzu ekugucuka ekugcina la-6.
  3. Sigci. Kudlala sigci lesifisha sekuchofoza tikhatsi leti-2; bese uyasiphindza ngekushaya. Kunetigci leti-5.
  4. Luhlolo lwethoni lephelele (kutikhetsela). Emathoni la-12 advwa, ngaphandle kwelithoni lesibonelo nangaphandle kwempendvulo yekutsi ulungile yini. Bita ngalinye usekhibhodini yemculo.

Yonkhe imisindvo yentiwa kusiphequluli sakho; akukho lokurekhodiwe.

Luhlolo lwethoni lephelele

Kuva lithoni lephelele (noma leliphelele ngalokuphelele) kusho kubita lithoni ngaphandle kwekucala kuva lithoni lesibonelo. Esifundvweni lesikhulu lesiku-inthanethi, bantfu labebanalelikhono batfola emaphuzu lamakhulu kakhulu kunabo bonkhe; emaphuzu ahlukana aba ngemacembu lamabili, kunebantfu labambalwa emkhatsini [1]. Kutsi livame kangakanani kuya ekutseni ubuta bobani: cishe 30% webafundzi bemculo baseJapan na-7% webafundzi bemculo basePoland baphumelela eluhlolweni lolucinile [7], futsi tifundvo tesebuntfwaneni nekukhuluma lulwimi lwemathoni kwenta kube lula kakhulu [6]. Bantfu labanyenti, lokufaka ekhatsi baculi labanyenti labakahle, banekuva umehluko emkhatsini wemathoni: bayeva tinyatselo letisemkhatsini wemathoni, hhayi emathoni ngekuwodvwa.

Yini letsintsa umphumela wakho?

  • Kuceceshwa kwemculo. Iminyaka leminyenti yekudlala insimbi yemculo noma kuhlabela kwenta kuva tinyatselo temathoni kube lula kakhulu [2][3].
  • Kutilolonga kulomsebenti. Umehluko lokhona uyehla etikhatsini tekucala, ngisho nangekhatsi kweseshini yinye [2]. Catsanisa luhlolo lolulandzelako nalolu.
  • Tingcamu neligumbi. Tingcamu kanye neligumbi lelingenamsindvo kuyasita. Tikhulisi temafoni letincane tingenta kube matima kuva emathoni laphansi.
  • Kunaka nekukhatsala. Nawungakanaki kahle kulolunye luhlolo, umehluko uyaphindze ukhule.
  • Imikhuba yesigci. Bantfu bavame kushintsha sigci basente sibe lula, njengekuhlanganisa emanothi lamadze aphindwe kabili ngebudze kunalamafisha, nabasiphindza ngekushaya [10]. Kuphambuka lokutsite kujwayelekile kuwo wonkhe umuntfu.

Lokungakutjela nalokungeke kukutjele loku kuhlolwa

Luhlolo lwekungavi emathoni lweHelibrain ngumdlalo lojabulisako wendlebe losekelwe emisebentini yelucwaningo. Akusilo luhlolo lwekuva, akusiko kuhlolwa kwe-amusia, futsi akusito tivivinyo tekucwaninga letisetjentiselwa kuyihlola (njenge-Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia) [11]. Umsindvo wesiphequluli netikhulisi akusiyo imishini yelabhorethri, ngako tsatsa tinombolo takho njengelilinganiso nje.

Nawukhatsatekile ngekuva kwakho, sibonelo, nawukhuluma kuzwakala kungacaci kahle, bonana nadokotela noma nesati setindlebe nekuva.

Imibuto levame kubutwa

Ngingati njani kutsi angiwi emathoni?

Nawukwati kuva kutsi nguliphi emkhatsini wemathoni lamabili leliphezulu uma ehlukaniswe lithoni lelincane (ema-cent la-100), cishe awuvi emathoni: bantfu labanyenti bayawuva umehluko lomncane kakhulu [2][4]. Kungavi emathoni kweliciniso, i-amusia letalwa nayo, itsintsa cishe ku-1.5% webantfu labadzala [5] futsi kuhlolwa ngetivivinyo letidze telucwaningo. Luhlolo lwekungavi emathoni lweHelibrain lukunika umbono wekucala, hhayi kuhlolwa kwesifo.

Nguliphi liphesenti lebantfu labangeva emathoni?

Cishe ku-1.5% webantfu labadzala bane-amusia letalwa nayo, ngekuya kwesifundvo lesiku-inthanethi lesahlatiya bantfu labadzala labacishe babe ngu-16,600 labaneminyaka le-18 kuya ku-65 [5]. Sifundvo sakudzala sa-1980 sabeka lelinani ku-4%, sisebentisa luhlolo lolwehlukile nencazelo lebanti [12]. Bantfu labanyenti kakhulu bacabanga kutsi abeva emathoni ngobe bangakhoni kuhlabela kahle; kuhlabela nekuva emathoni ngemakhono lehlukene.

Kuvama kangakanani kuva lithoni lephelele?

Kuva lithoni lephelele akuvamile kubantfu bonkhe, kodvwa kute lobalile kahle kutsi akuvamile kangakanani. Linani lelidvumile lelitsi "1 ku-10,000" lisilinganiselo sakudzala lesinemniningwane lesebente kancane [7]. Kubafundzi bemculo, linani lisuka emaphesentini lambalwa liye cishe ku-30%, kuye ngekutsi bacala nini tifundvo nangelulwimi [6][7].

Ungakufundza kuva lithoni lephelele sewumdzala?

Bantfu labadzala bangafundza kubona lamanye emathoni ngekutivocavoca kakhulu, kodvwa kuva lithoni lephelele kweliciniso kuhlobene kakhulu netifundvo temculo tebuntfwana bakucala [6]. Bantfu labanyenti labadlala umculo basebentisa kuva umehluko emkhatsini wemathoni, lokukuva tinyatselo letisemkhatsini wawo, futsi loku kuyatfutfuka kahle ngekutivocavoca kunobe ngumuphi umnyaka [2].

Ngumuphi umphumela lomuhle eluhlolweni lwethoni?

Etifundvweni taselabhorethri, bantfu labangaculi bavamise kuva luhluko lolucishe lube ngemacent la-12 kuya ku-35, kantsi baculi labaceceshiwe bava lolucishe lube ngemacent la-2 kuya ku-17 [2][3][4]. Umphumela longaphansi kwema-cent la-10 ukhombisa indlebe lenembile kakhulu. Umphumela longetulu kwema-cent la-100 (lithoni lelincane) awuvamile, futsi kufanelekile wetame futsi egumbini lelingenamsindvo usebentisa tingcamu.

Luhlolo lwekungavi emathoni lweHelibrain lumahhala mbamba?

Yebo. Luhlolo nemphumela wakho lophelele kumahhala: akudzingeki kubhalisa, i-imeyili, noma kukhokha. Helibrain itfola imali ngeluhlelo lwayo lwe-app, loluneluhlelo lwamahhala kanye nalolukhokhelwako; awudzingi i-app kuze wente luhlolo.

Luhlolo loluhlobene

Bona tonkhe tihlolo tengcondvo letingu-43 temahhala

Ufuna kusebenta ngaloku onkhe malanga? Uhlelo lwe-Helibrain (lusatfolakala ngesiNgisi kuphela) luneluhlelo lwamahhala kanye netinhlelo letikhokhelwako.

Caphuna leli khasi: Luhlolo Lwekungavi Emathoni. Helibrain. 2026. https://helibrain.com/ss/tone-deaf-test. CC BY 4.0.

Imibuto lejwayelekile

How this test works

This ear game has two parts and an optional third. First, two tones play and you say whether the second was higher or lower. The difference shrinks after two right answers and grows after a mistake, until it settles near the smallest step you can hear. That step, in cents, is your main score. Second, you tap back 5 short click rhythms. Third, you can name 12 single notes. This up-down method was described in 1971.

Version 1 · Cite this test:

Helibrain (2026). Tone deaf test, v1. https://helibrain.com/tone-deaf-test/methods

Full method →

Imtfombo

  1. Athos EA, Levinson B, Kistler A, et al. (2007). Dichotomy and perceptual distortions in absolute pitch ability. PNAS 104(37):14795–14800. doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0703868104
  2. Micheyl C, Delhommeau K, Perrot X, Oxenham AJ (2006). Influence of musical and psychoacoustical training on pitch discrimination. Hearing Research 219(1–2):36–47. doi.org/10.1016/j.heares.2006.05.004 (cent values as summarized in Deroche et al. 2017, doi.org/10.1121/1.5005496)
  3. Bianchi F, Santurette S, Wendt D, Dau T (2016). Pitch discrimination in musicians and non-musicians: effects of harmonic resolvability and processing effort. Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology 17(1):69–79. doi.org/10.1007/s10162-015-0548-2
  4. Larrouy-Maestri P, Harrison PMC, Müllensiefen D (2019). The mistuning perception test: a new measurement instrument. Behavior Research Methods 51(2):663–675. doi.org/10.3758/s13428-019-01225-1
  5. Peretz I, Vuvan DT (2017). Prevalence of congenital amusia. European Journal of Human Genetics 25(5):625–630. doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2017.15
  6. Deutsch D, Henthorn T, Marvin E, Xu H (2006). Absolute pitch among American and Chinese conservatory students: prevalence differences, and evidence for a speech-related critical period. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 119(2):719–722. doi.org/10.1121/1.2151799
  7. Miyazaki K, Makomaska S, Rakowski A (2012). Prevalence of absolute pitch: a comparison between Japanese and Polish music students. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 132(5):3484–3493. doi.org/10.1121/1.4756956
  8. Aschersleben G (2002). Temporal control of movements in sensorimotor synchronization. Brain and Cognition 48(1):66–79. doi.org/10.1006/brcg.2001.1304
  9. Levitt H (1971). Transformed up-down methods in psychoacoustics. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 49(2B):467–477. doi.org/10.1121/1.1912375
  10. Jacoby N, McDermott JH (2017). Integer ratio priors on musical rhythm revealed cross-culturally by iterated reproduction. Current Biology 27(3):359–370. doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2016.12.031
  11. Peretz I, Champod AS, Hyde K (2003). Varieties of musical disorders. The Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 999:58–75. doi.org/10.1196/annals.1284.006
  12. Kalmus H, Fry DB (1980). On tune deafness (dysmelodia): frequency, development, genetics and musical background. Annals of Human Genetics 43(4):369–382. doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1809.1980.tb01571.x

Indlela lelikhasi lelakhiwe ngayo: libhalwe licembu laHelibrain kusetjentiswa tifundvo letibalwe ngenhla, lase libukwe nguRobert(SiNgisi) (umfundi locwaninga nge-biophysics alungiselela i-PhD) nga-11/4/2026. Silibuyeketa nakushintja imtfombo.