Aphantasia Sɔhwɛ

To w’ani na yɛ mfonini wɔ w’adwene mu sɛ aprɛ bi. Wuhu no anaa wunim ara sɛnea ɛte? Hwɛ a egye simma 2 a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea w’adwene mu mfonini da hɔ. Ɛyɛ kwa, na ɛho nhia sɛ wokyerɛw wo din.

Helibrain kuw no na ɛkyerɛweeRobert(Borɔfo), biophysics ho PhD suani na ɔhwɛɛ muWɔtintimii Wɔsan hwɛɛ mu koraa wɔ

Aphantasia yɛ dɛn?

Aphantasia kyerɛ sɛ obi ntumi nhu mfonini wɔ n’adwene aniwa mu. Wɔn a wɔwɔ aphantasia tumi dwene aduaba apɔɔ mu na wonim sɛnea ɛte, nanso wonhu wɔ wɔn adwene mu bere a wɔyɛ no sɛ wɔrehu no. Wɔde asɛmfua no dii dwuma nea edi kan wɔ 2015 [1]. Nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔyɛɛ mpanyimfo bɛyɛ 1,000 mu no, bɛyɛ 1 wɔ 25 mu kae sɛ wɔn adwene mu mfonini yɛ mmerɛw paa anaa wonni bi koraa [2]. Ɛnyɛ yareɛ.

Nokwasɛm a ɛho hia

  • Nea saa hwɛ yi susuw: sɛnea woka sɛ mfonini a woyɛ wɔ w’adwene mu no da hɔ, fi 1 (mfonini biara nni hɔ) kosi 5 (emu da hɔ sɛ nea wuhu ankasa), ne nnyegyee, hua, dɛ ne nkaeɛ baako biara.
  • Ɛnyɛ VVIQ: nsɛmmisa nkrataa a nhwehwɛmu dodow no ara de di dwuma ne Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ) [3]. Saa hwɛ yi de nsɛmmisa a yɛn ankasa yɛe di dwuma, enti wontumi mfa ne dodow nntoto VVIQ dodow ho pɛpɛɛpɛ.
  • Sɛnea ɛtaa ba: mpanyimfo no bɛyɛ 3.9% kae sɛ wɔn tumi a wɔde yɛ mfonini wɔ adwene mu no yɛ mmerɛw paa anaa wonni bi, na bɛyɛ 0.8% kae sɛ wonni bi koraa wɔ VVIQ no mu [2].
  • Ɔfa foforo no: bɛyɛ 6% ka sɛ mfonini a wɔyɛ wɔ wɔn adwene mu no da hɔ paa, na ɛtɔ da a wɔfrɛ no hyperphantasia; bɛyɛ 90% wɔ saa afa abien no ntam [8].
  • Ɛnyɛ yareɛ ho gyinaesi: aphantasia yɛ sɛnea obi nya nneɛma ho suahunu, ɛnyɛ yareɛ, na nsɛmmisa nkrataa tiawa biara ntumi nsi so dua.

Sɛnea saa hwɛ yi yɛ adwuma

  1. Yɛ mfonini wɔ w’adwene mu. Wɔbɛma wo nneɛma 10 a wuhu da biara sɛ wode yɛ mfonini wɔ w’adwene mu, baako baako, na afei nneɛma 4 a ɛfa nkateɛ nkaa ho.
  2. Bu sɛnea emu da hɔ. Ade biara ho, paw sɛnea emu daa hɔ, fi “Hwee” kosi “Ɛda hɔ te sɛ ade ankasa”. Sɛ ɛboa wo a, to w’ani.
  3. Hwɛ wo nɔma. Wo adwene mu mfonini nɔma yɛ mfonini nneɛma no dodow no nkyekyɛmu, fi 1 kosi 5. Wɔda nkateɛ nkaa no adi mmiako mmiako.

Mmuaeɛ papa anaa bɔne biara nni hɔ, na wɔmfa bere nnto wo so.

Sɛnea wobɛte wo nea ɛbae no ase

  • Mfonini biara nni hɔ koraa: wopaw “Hwee” maa mfonini nneɛma no nyinaa. Saa na nnipa a wɔwɔ aphantasia taa ka sɛ wɔn suahunu te [1].
  • Mfonini a ɛnyɛ hann (dodow no yɛ 2 anaa ɛba fam): mfonini dodow no ara yɛ basabasa anaa na enni hɔ. Nhwehwɛmu a ɛde VVIQ di dwuma taa ka mmuaeɛ a ɛte saa no fra aphantasia ho [2].
  • Nkabom: mfonini no da hɔ kakra kosi sɛ emu da hɔ. Nnipa 10 mu bɛyɛ 9 bua saa wɔ VVIQ no mu [8].
  • Mfonini a emu da hɔ paa (dodow no yɛ 4.7 anaa ɛboro so): ɛkame ayɛ sɛ biribiara da hɔ te sɛ nea wuhu. Nhwehwɛmu frɛ eyi hyperphantasia [4] [8].

Saa gyinabea ahorow yi di sɛnea nhwehwɛmufo kyekyɛ VVIQ mmuaeɛ no akyi, nanso yɛn nsɛmmisa no yɛ soronko. Enti bu gyinabea no sɛ wo mmuaeɛ ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu, na ɛnyɛ susudua.

Nea nhwehwɛmu ahu

  • Wɔhunuu no tete. Wɔ afe 1880 mu no, Francis Galton bisaa nnipa sɛ wɔnyɛ mfonini wɔ wɔn adwene mu sɛnea wɔn anɔpa adidii pon te, na ebinom kae sɛ wɔnhuu hwee koraa [5].
  • Edin no yɛ foforo. Wɔ afe 2015 mu no, kuw bi a wɔwɔ Exeter kyerɛkyerɛɛ nnipa 21 a na wɔn tumi a wɔde yɛ mfonini wɔ adwene mu sua anaa enni hɔ, na wɔtoo no din aphantasia [1]. Efi saa bere no, nnipa bɛyɛ 2,000 a wɔhuu sɛ wɔn suahunu te saa na wɔn ankasa buu wɔn ho sɛ ɛte saa na wɔabua kuw no nsɛmmisa [4].
  • Wobetumi asusuw ho a wɔmfa nsɛm nni dwuma. Nkabom aniwa sɔhwɛ mu no, nnipa dodow no ara sɛ wɔdi kan yɛ mfonini bi wɔ wɔn adwene mu a, ɛsesa nea wobehu akyiri yi; nanso ɛnte saa mma wɔn a wɔwɔ aphantasia [6].
  • Ɛtaa ka nkateɛ nkaa ho. Nhwehwɛmu kɛse bi mu no, nnipa a wɔwɔ aphantasia no bɛyɛ fa kae sɛ wɔrentumi nyɛ ade biara ho mfonini wɔ nkateɛ biara mu; wɔn a aka no tumi yɛ nnyegyee, hua, dɛ anaa nkaeɛ bi wɔ wɔn adwene mu [4] [7].
  • Nkaeɛ yɛ soronko. Nnipa a wɔwɔ aphantasia taa ka sɛ wɔn ankasa asetena mu nneɛma a atwam ne anim ahorow nkaeɛ yɛ mmerɛw; nanso wɔn mu dodow no ara da so ara hu mfonini wɔ wɔn daeɛ mu [4] [7].

Nea saa hwɛ yi betumi ne nea entumi nkyerɛ wo

Eyi yɛ wo ankasa amanneɛbɔ tiawa: ɛkyerɛ sɛnea woka w’ankasa adwene mu mfonini ho asɛm nnɛ, wɔ w’ankasa nsɛm mu. Nnipa nte “emu da hɔ” ase sɛnea ɛyɛ pɛ, enti nnipa baanu a wɔn suahunu a ɛwɔ wɔn mu no yɛ pɛ betumi anya nɔma ahorow. Eyi nkyerɛ yareɛ biara, na nɔma a ɛba fam anaa nea ɛkɔ soro nyɛ ɔhaw. Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wuhu pii a, nhwehwɛmu akuw de wɔn ho hyɛ mfonini a wɔyɛ wɔ adwene mu ho nhwehwɛmu mu, na wubetumi nso akɔka ho.

Nsɛmmisa a wɔtaa bisa

Mɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ mewɔ aphantasia?

Bɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛyɛ biribi a wunim ho mfonini wɔ w’adwene mu, te sɛ adamfo anim anaa wo fie anim pon. Sɛ wunim sɛnea ɛte nanso wuntumi nhu mfonini biara koraa a, ebia wowɔ aphantasia. Nhwehwɛmufo taa de VVIQ nsɛmmisa nkrataa no hwɛ eyi [3], na ebinom nso de sɔhwɛ a enhia nsɛm di dwuma [6]. Saa hwɛ yi ma wunya adwene a edi kan ntɛm, ɛnyɛ yareɛ ho gyinaesi.

Aphantasia taa ba nnipa mu dɛn?

Mpanimfo bɛyɛ 1,000 ho nhwehwɛmu mu no, bɛyɛ 3.9% kae sɛ wɔn tumi a wɔde yɛ mfonini wɔ adwene mu no yɛ mmerɛw paa anaa wonni bi, na bɛyɛ 0.8% kae sɛ wonni bi koraa [2]. Nhwehwɛmu afoforo hu sɛ ɛte saa ara wɔ nnipa mu, sɛnea wɔde gyinapɛn no si hɔ no.

Aphantasia yɛ yareɛ anaa?

Dabi. Aphantasia yɛ nsonsonoeɛ a ɛwɔ sɛnea nnipa nya adwene mu mfonini ho suahunu mu, ɛnyɛ yareɛ. Nnipa dodow no ara a wɔwoo wɔn a wɔwɔ aphantasia no tena asetena daa, na wɔn mu pii hu sɛ mpanyimfo na sɛ nnipa afoforo yɛ mfonini wɔ wɔn adwene mu a, wohu no ankasa [1] [4]. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, obi ntumi nyɛ adwene mu mfonini bio wɔ opira anaa yareɛ bi akyi; sɛ w’adwene mu mfonini asesa prɛko pɛ a, wo ne dɔkta nkasa.

Wubetumi anya aphantasia wɔ nkateɛ afoforo mu?

Yiw. Nhwehwɛmu kɛse bi mu no, nnipa a wɔwɔ aphantasia no bɛyɛ fa kae sɛ wɔrentumi nyɛ nnyegyee, hua, dɛ anaa nkaeɛ ho mfonini wɔ wɔn adwene mu nso, na wɔn a aka no tumi yɛ [4]. Eyi nti na saa hwɛ yi bisa nkateɛ afoforo nso ho asɛm.

Eyi ne VVIQ no anaa?

Dabi. VVIQ ne nsɛmmisa nkrataa a nhwehwɛmu dodow no ara de di dwuma [3]. Saa hwɛ yi yɛ nsɛmmisa a yɛn ankasa yɛe a ɛyɛ tiawa, na yɛkyerɛwee maa kratafa yi, enti ne nɔma wɔ ne susudua ankasa so.

Aphantasia sɔhwɛ no yɛ kwa anaa?

Yiw. Hwɛ no ne wo nea ɛbae a edi mu no nyinaa yɛ kwa: ɛho nhia sɛ wokyerɛw wo din, wode email ma, anaa wotua ka.

Sɔhwɛ a ɛfa ho

Hwɛ adwene ho sɔhwɛ 43 no nyinaa a wontua hwee

Wopɛ sɛ wudi eyi ho dwuma da biara? Helibrain app no (seesei ɛwɔ Borɔfo kasa mu) wɔ nhyehyɛe a wontua hwee ne nea wotua ho ka.

Nsɛmmisa a wɔtaa bisa

Baabi a nsɛm no fi

  1. Zeman A, Dewar M, Della Sala S (2015). Lives without imagery: congenital aphantasia. Cortex 73:378–380. doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2015.05.019
  2. Dance CJ, Ipser A, Simner J (2022). The prevalence of aphantasia (imagery weakness) in the general population. Consciousness and Cognition 97:103243. doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2021.103243
  3. Marks DF (1973). Visual imagery differences in the recall of pictures. British Journal of Psychology 64(1):17–24. doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1973.tb01322.x
  4. Zeman A, Milton F, Della Sala S, et al. (2020). Phantasia: the psychological significance of lifelong visual imagery vividness extremes. Cortex 130:426–440. doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2020.04.003
  5. Galton F (1880). Statistics of mental imagery. Mind 5(19):301–318. doi.org/10.1093/mind/os-V.19.301
  6. Keogh R, Pearson J (2018). The blind mind: no sensory visual imagery in aphantasia. Cortex 105:53–60. doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2017.10.012
  7. Dawes AJ, Keogh R, Andrillon T, Pearson J (2020). A cognitive profile of multi-sensory imagery, memory and dreaming in aphantasia. Scientific Reports 10:10022. doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-65705-7
  8. Wright DJ, Scott MW, Kraeutner SN, et al. (2024). An international estimate of the prevalence of differing visual imagery abilities. Frontiers in Psychology 15:1454107. doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1454107

Sɛnea yɛyɛɛ krataafa yi: Helibrain kuw no kyerɛw fii nhwehwɛmu a yɛabobɔ din wɔ atifi hɔ no mu, na Robert(Borɔfo) (biophysics ho PhD suani) hwɛɛ mu wɔ 4, Obubuo, 2026. Yɛyɛ nsakrae wɔ mu bere a nneɛma a yɛde gyinaa so no sesa.