Imyitozo yo kwerekeza neza

Kanda ku ntego 30 vuba kandi neza uko ushoboye, urebe uko uko kwerekeza gukurikiza amategeko ya Fitts. Ni ubuntu, nta kwiyandikisha.

Byanditswe n'itsinda rya HelibrainByasuzumwe na Robert(Icyongereza), umukandida wa PhD mu bijyanye na fiziki y'ibinyabuzimaByasohotse ku wa Byasuzumwe bwa nyuma ku wa

Uko wasoma amanota yawe

  • Impuzandengo y’igihe kuri buri ntego: igihe cyose wakoresheje ugabanyije n’umubare w’intego, mu milisekondi (ms). Igihe gito ni cyo cyiza. Gukanda ugahusha bitwara igihe, na byo rero bigaragarira hano.
  • Ubunyangamugayo: umubare w’intego wakandagiyeho ugabanyije n’umubare wose w’aho wakandagiye mu gice cy’umukino.
  • Gukanda kwihuse kurusha ukwakoze: intego imwe wagezeho mu gihe gito kurusha izindi.
  • Umuvuduko w’akazi: umuvuduko n’ingorane byegeranyijwe mu mubare umwe, bipimwa muri bits ku isegonda (reba hasi). Uko biri hejuru ni ko ari byiza.
  • Igishushanyo: buri kadomo kerekana intego imwe, igihe wayikandagiyeho ugereranyije n’ingorane yayo. Umurongo ucagaguye ni umurongo w’amategeko ya Fitts ubarwa hashingiwe ku mikorere yawe.

Amategeko ya Fitts ni iki?

Amategeko ya Fitts avuga ko uko intego iri kure kandi ari nto, ari ko kuyikandaho bifata igihe kirekire. Mu 1954, Paul Fitts yerekanye ko igihe kiyongera ku murongo ugororotse uko “ingorane y’intego” ipimwe muri bits yiyongera [1]. Muri iki gihe, akenshi byandikwa gutya: log2(umwanya uvuye ku ntego / ubugari bwayo + 1) [2]. Abashushanya ibikoresho babikoresha kugira ngo buto zibe zoroshye gukandaho.

Amakuru y’ingenzi

  • Ibyo gipima: uburyo werekeza ku ntego vuba kandi neza: kubona aho intego iri, kuyerekezaho no kuyihagararaho.
  • Umuvuduko w’akazi ukoresheje imbeba: ubushakashatsi bwo muri laboratwari bukoresha uburyo busanzwe bugaragaza bits hafi 3.7 kugeza kuri 4.9 ku isegonda [3].
  • Umuvuduko w’akazi ukoresheje urutoki: mu bushakashatsi bumwe kuri telefoni, abantu 16 bakandaga ku ntego bageze kuri bits hafi 7 ku isegonda [4]. Imibare yacu ikoresha uburyo bworoshye kurushaho (reba hasi), bityo ntigereranywa mu buryo butaziguye n’iyo mibare.
  • Intego nto kuri ecran zo gukoraho: urutoki rwonyine rushobora gukoraho hafi ya mm 1 kugeza kuri 1.5 uvuye aho wari ugambiriye; ku ntego ntoya nka mm 7, abantu bahusha kenshi [5].
  • Imbeba no gukoraho biratandukanye: ibisubizo bigereranywa gusa hagati y’uburyo bumwe bwo gukoresha igikoresho.

Uko imyitozo yo kwerekeza neza ikora

  1. Kanda kuri Tangira hagati mu gice cy’umukino. Isaha itangira kubara.
  2. Kanda ku ntego. Intego zizengurutse 30 zigaragara imwe imwe, mu bunini butatu; buri nshya iba iri kure cyane y’iyari ibanje. Gukanda ugahusha bigabanya ubunyangamugayo bwawe; intego iguma aho kugeza uyikandagiyeho.
  3. Reba igisubizo cyawe, kirimo n’umurongo w’amategeko ya Fitts.

Nusangiza abandi amanota yawe, inshuti yawe izabona intego zimwe neza neza.

Tubara umuvuduko w’akazi dukoresheje intera n’ubunini bwa buri ntego nk’uko byerekanwe, tutongeyeho ibyo gukosora bikoreshwa mu bipimo ngenderwaho bya laboratwari ku hantu umuntu yakandagiye [3]. Ni yo mpamvu tukugira inama yo kugereranya n’ibyo wakoze mbere.

Ni iki kigira ingaruka ku kwerekeza kwawe?

  • Intera n’ubunini. Intego iri kure kandi nto itwara igihe kirekire kurusha izindi: ibyo ni byo amategeko ya Fitts avuga [1, 2].
  • Igikoresho. Imbeba, ahakorerwa kuri mudasobwa hifashishijwe urutoki (touchpad) n’urutoki bitanga ibisubizo bitandukanye. Mu bushakashatsi bwo muri laboratwari, touchpad yakoraga buhoro cyane kurusha imbeba [3].
  • Umuvuduko cyangwa kwitonda. Kwihuta bituma uhusha kenshi, kandi buri guhusha gutwara igihe. Amanota meza aboneka iyo ugenda ku muvuduko uhamye.
  • Imyaka. Mu bushakashatsi bumwe, abantu bakuru bakoze amakosa make kurusha abana bafite imyaka 12 kugeza kuri 14, kandi bakora vuba kurusha abantu bafite imyaka 61 kugeza kuri 69 [6].
  • Imyitozo. Igihe kigabanuka mu mikinire ya mbere uko ugenda umenyera umukino.

Ibyo iki kizamini gishobora kukubwira n’ibyo kidashobora kukubwira

Iyi myitozo ipima umuvuduko n’ubunyangamugayo uko werekeza ku ntego ukoresheje iki gikoresho uyu munsi. Ntabwo ipima ubwenge cyangwa ubuzima bw’ubwonko bwawe, kandi amanota yo mu gihe gito ntiyerekana uko wakwitwara mu mikino.

Gereranya n’ibyo wakoze mbere ukoresheje igikoresho kimwe; imbeba nshya cyangwa ingano itandukanye ya ecran bihindura imibare.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa

Amanota meza mu myitozo yo kwerekeza neza ni ayahe?

Gereranya n’ibyo wakoze mbere ukoresheje igikoresho kimwe: mu mukino nk’uyu, amanota meza ni aruta ayo wari ufite ubushize. Abantu nibamara gukina ari benshi, igisubizo kigaragaza n’uko umukino wawe wa mbere ugereranywa n’imikino ya mbere y’abandi bakinnyi bakoresheje uburyo bumwe.

Umuvuduko w’akazi muri bits ku isegonda ni iki?

Umuvuduko w’akazi uhuriza hamwe ingorane z’intego n’uko wazikandagiyeho vuba. Ingorane ibarwa muri bits: log2(intera / ubugari + 1) [2]. Uyigabanyije n’igihe buri ntego yafashe, hanyuma ugafata impuzandengo, ubona bits ku isegonda. Ubushakashatsi bwo muri laboratwari bukoresha imbeba bugaragaza bits hafi 4 kugeza kuri 5 ku isegonda iyo bukoresheje uburyo bukomeye kurushaho [3].

Birakwiye kugereranya imbeba no gukoraho?

Oya, kandi ntitubigereranya. Urutoki n’imbeba bigenda mu buryo butandukanye, bityo igisubizo cyawe kigereranywa gusa n’icy’abandi bakoresheje uburyo bumwe.

Kuki inshuti yanjye ibona intego zimwe n’izan jye?

Ihuriro ryo gusangiza amanota ririmo umubare wihariye w’imikoranire (seed), bityo intego zikaza ari zimwe. Ibyo bituma guhatana biba mu buryo buboneye.

Imyitozo yo kwerekeza neza ya Helibrain ni ubuntu?

Yego. Umukino n’ibisubizo byawe byose ni ubuntu: nta kwiyandikisha, nta imeri, nta kwishyura.

Ibindi bizamini bifitanye isano

Reba ibizamini byose 43 by'ubwonko by'ubuntu

Wifuza kubyitoza buri munsi? Porogaramu ya Helibrain (ubu iraboneka mu Cyongereza gusa) ifite gahunda y'ubuntu n'izindi zishyurwa.

Inkomoko

  1. Fitts PM (1954). The information capacity of the human motor system in controlling the amplitude of movement. Journal of Experimental Psychology 47(6):381–391. doi.org/10.1037/h0055392
  2. MacKenzie IS (1992). Fitts' law as a research and design tool in human-computer interaction. Human–Computer Interaction 7(1):91–139. doi.org/10.1207/s15327051hci0701_3
  3. Soukoreff RW, MacKenzie IS (2004). Towards a standard for pointing device evaluation, perspectives on 27 years of Fitts' law research in HCI. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 61(6):751–789. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2004.09.001
  4. MacKenzie IS (2015). Fitts' throughput and the remarkable case of touch-based target selection. Human-Computer Interaction: Interaction Technologies (HCII 2015), LNCS 9170, 238–249. doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20916-6_23
  5. Bi X, Li Y, Zhai S (2013). FFitts law: modeling finger touch with Fitts' law. Proceedings of CHI 2013, 1363–1372. doi.org/10.1145/2470654.2466180
  6. Hertzum M, Hornbæk K (2010). How age affects pointing with mouse and touchpad: a comparison of young, adult, and elderly users. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction 26(7):703–734. doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2010.487198

Uko twateguye uru rupapuro: rwanditswe n'itsinda rya Helibrain rishingiye ku bushakashatsi bwavuzwe haruguru, rusuzumwa na Robert(Icyongereza) (umukandida wa PhD mu bijyanye na fiziki y'ibinyabuzima) ku wa 2026 Ugushyingo 4. Turuvugurura iyo amasoko y'amakuru ahindutse.