Sik-tsâi kám-kak tshì-giām

Sī lam-sik á-sī lúi-sik? Tshōe-tio̍h lam-sik tī lí ê ba̍k-tsiu tùi-sī tsuánn-tsò ê tē-hng, jiân-āu àn sik-tiau kā sik-tsâi tsūn-hó. Tāi-kài 3 hun-tsing, bô sūi: m̄-bián tsù-ko̍k.

Helibrain ê tiōng-tsèng ê lângTùi Robert(Ióng-bûn) kàu-kòe, seng-bu̍t li̍k-ha̍k PhD tshù-pī-seng hu-pò͘Siōng-kīn chi̍t pái kàu-kòe

Án-tsuánn khòaⁿ tshì-giām kiat-kó

  • Lí ê lam-sik tùi-sī tó-uī khǹg: lí ê tâng-ì tùi-àn tùi "lúi-sik" piàn-tsò "lam-sik" ê sik-tiau. Sik-tiau sī sik-tsâi tī sik-khuân siōng ê kak-tō͘; lán iōng OKLCH sik-tsâi hong-kang, tī hia kàu-sò͘ ê sik-tiau khòaⁿ--khí-lâi iōng-kai kâng-khoán siāu-khuāⁿ. Lán ê thang-piáu téng, lúi-sik tī 140° hām-tsiū, lam-sik tī 250° hām-tsiū.
  • Sann ê sik-tsâi phìⁿ: chi̍t ê sik-tsâi khah tshùnn lúi-sik tī lí tùi-sī ê tē-hng, chi̍t ê tō sī tùi-sī ê tē-hng, koh chi̍t ê sik-tsâi khah tshùnn lam-sik. Lí ê pîng-iú ū-khó-lîng kā tiong-kan hit ê sik-tsâi kiò-tsò tsit-má hit-ê miâ.
  • Chhò-gō͘ hun-sò͘: lí ê sik-tsâi sūn-sū, kap chia̍t-tùi sūn-tsū ê chhe-khoán. Muí ê sik-tsâi hun-sò͘ sī kā i kap siōng-huē siōng-huē hāi ê chhe-khoán tsò-tùi, jiân-āu kám 2, só͘-í tsūn-tùi ê chi̍t hâng hun-sò͘ sī 0. Hun-sò͘ khah kē khah hó.
  • Sik-khuân: sik-tiau khuân téng muí-ê sik-tsâi, koh ū i ka-kī ê sik. Thâng-thang ê thia̍p-khuán khah tuā, tēng-tō͘ ê sik-tiau chhiūⁿ khah tuā; "siōng tsōe thia̍p-khuán" sī kóng hit ê tē-tōa sī thia̍p-khuán siōng tsōe ê hūn-hûi.

Lí ê tùi-sī tē-hng bô tùi á m̄-tùi. Chhò-gō͘ hun-sò͘ ū: 0 sī tsuân-pō͘ tsò-tùi. Lóng m̄-sī i-sing phòaⁿ-tuàn ê kiat-kó.

Lí ê lam-sik kap guá ê lam-sik kâng-khoán bô?

Tsìng-lâng kā lúi-sik kap lam-sik hun-khui ê tē-hng bô kâng. Tī "tio̍h-tio̍h ê" sik-tiau ê gián-kiù lāi, lâng só͘ kén ê tsuân-lúi kap tsuân-lam sik-tsâi chha-put-to khah tuā, sióng-sìn chi̍t ê lâng ê lam-sik, ē-sái sī pa̍t-ê lâng ê lúi-sik [1]. Gí-giân mā bô kâng: chi̍t pîng 120 tsióng gí-giân ê tsha-tshām lāi, 68 tsióng iōng kâng chi̍t ê jī lâi kiò lúi-sik kap lam-sik [2]. Só͘-í lí pîng-iú ê tùi-sī tē-hng kóng bē-tēng kap lí bô kâng.

Kán-iàu ê sū-si̍t

  • Sik-tsâi kám-kak khiam-khó͘: Tōa-khò͘ 8% ê ta-po͘ lâng kap 0.4% ê tsa-bó͘ lâng, si̍p-uī Âu-tsiu ê tsōng-tso̍k, ū âng-tshenn-sik khiam-khó͘; Tiong-kok kap Ji̍t-pún tsōng-tso̍k ê ta-po͘ lâng ū 4 to̍h 6.5% [3]. Tsit-ê phìⁿ m̄-sī hō͘ hit-ê khiam-khó͘ ê tshì-giām.
  • Jī kap sik-tsâi: Ê-lò͘-suh-gí ū lóng-sik kap àm-lâm-sik ê pún-tsit ê jī. Chi̍t-ê sió-hêng gián-kiù tiong, Ê-lò͘-suh-gí ê lâng tī 2 ê lâm-sik tī hit-tiâu hun-kai ê siāⁿ-piⁿ ê sî, khuànn-tshut 2 ê sik-tsâi ê khuat-pia̍t khah kuài; Eng-gí ê lâng bô tshut-hiān tsit-khoán hāu-kó [4].
  • Keng-tián ê tsún-sū tshì-giām: Farnsworth–Munsell 100-hue ê sik-tsâi tshì-giām, iōng tī lîm-tsuâng, ū 85 ê sik-tsâi ka-pau, hun tī 4 ê khuan. Lán ê tāi-2-pō͘ sī tsiūⁿ-khí hit-ê tshì-giām, iōng lán ka-kī ê sik-tsâi, ka-pau koh khah tsió.
  • Hòe-kí: Hit-ê lîm-tsuâng tshì-giām ê sik-tsâi tsún-sū, tī hòe-kí tōa-khò͘ 19 huè ê sî tsuè hó, jî-á hòe-kí kuāⁿ-lâu, tsuè-káng tō kuāⁿ-lâu pháiⁿ (382 ê sik-tsâi kám-kak suòng-siông ê lâng) [5].
  • M̄-khó͘ tsuì-tsún ê sik-tsâi: Tī chi̍t-ê ū 1,401 ê lâng tham-ka ê internet kiám-tsa tiong, kóng-tio̍h the dress ê tsuànn-phìⁿ, 57% khuànn-tio̍h lâm kap oo-sik, 30% khuànn-tio̍h pe̍h kap kim-sik [6]. Khah tōa-hêng ê internet kiám-tsa kóng-tio̍h tāi-pō͘ hun-hêng tuì-piàn [7], só͘-í lâng ê khuànn-hoat tōa-khò͘ pêng-pun-pun.

Sik-tsâi kám-kak tshì-giām án-tsuánn tshòe

  1. Lam-sik á-sī lúi-sik? Muí-pái chi̍t ê sik-tsâi tī huà-sek ê khòng-tiúⁿ siōng tshut-hiān. Tshih Lúi-sik á-sī Lam-sik, á-sī àn ← kap →. Tùi lí tē-it-pái ê kám-kak.
  2. Kā phah-khùi khah kín. Ū nn̄g tsuàn sik-tsâi sî-kan kâng-sî tī thîng, chi̍t tsuàn tùi lúi-sik hit-pêng khí-thâu, chi̍t tsuàn tùi lam-sik hit-pêng khí-thâu, muí tsuàn 12 ê sik-tsâi. Lí kóng "lúi-sik", hit tsuàn tō hiòng lam-sik phiau; lí kóng "lam-sik", tō hiòng lúi-sik phiau; lí kái-piàn siūⁿ-huat ê sî, phiau-kó͘ ê pāi-tō͘ lóng ē sió. Láng tsuàn lóng ē tī lí ê tùi-sī tē-hng sin-kīn hūi-ha̍p.
  3. Sik-tsâi sūn-sū. Jiân-āu ū 4 hâng sik-tsâi, muí hâng 12 ê sik-tsâi. Muí hâng ê thâu-bué lóng ū chi̍t ê sik-tsâi kù-tēng; lí ē-sái tshua sik-tsâi, á-sī tshih nn̄g ê hō͘ in huàn-uī, thang hō͘ hit hâng sik-tsâi sūn-sū piàn hó-khuàⁿ. Bô thîng-tsing.

Tē 2 pō͘-hūn ê 52 ê sik-tsâi, lóng ē kā sik-tiau khuân tsūn tsi̍t-khuân, sik-tiau khah-chha put-to 6.9°, kng-tō͘ kap sik-tsâi tsēng-tō͘ lóng kâng, só͘-í kantaⁿ sik-tiau ē piàn. Hit ê tùi-sī tē-hng sī gí-giân-hu̍t siōng tùi lí ê tsit ê kóng-huat sǹg tshut-lâi 50% ê tē-hng. Chhò-gō͘ hun-sò͘ sī tsūn Farnsworth–Munsell 100-hue tshì-giām ê kùi-tsik.

Siáⁿ-mi̍h ē hióng-hióng lí ê kiat-kó?

  • Lí ê phìⁿ-bō͘. Phìⁿ-bō͘ ê sik, bêng-tō͘ kap siat-tēng lóng bô kâng. Bān-ia̍h mô͘-sik, lam-kng lô͘-le̍k, "true tone" kap bē-kàu-bêng ê phìⁿ-bō͘ lóng ē kā sik-tsâi hiòng ng-á-sik phiau. Liân i-sing iōng ê 100-hue tshì-giām ê tsò-tsiá mā kóng, bô-huat-tō͘ tsí-kò͘ bô tī bīn ê tshì-giām, in-uī monitor bô kâng [8]. Iōng kâng chi̍t ê phìⁿ-bō͘ pí-kàu kiat-kó.
  • Pâng-keng. Lí sin-pinn ê kng khah bēng á-sī ū sik, ē kái-piàn lí khuànn phìⁿ-bō͘ ê kám-kak.
  • Lí ê gí-giân. Lí iōng lâi kiò sik-tsâi ê jī, ē hióng-hióng lí án-tsuánn hun-khui. Tuaⁿ-hun kiò lio̍k-lam kap thàm-lam, á-sī lúi-sik kap lam-sik kâng-miâ ê gí-giân, ē phah-sūn bô kâng ê tùi-sī tē-hng [2][4][9].
  • Nî-huè kap thàn. Nî-huè khah tuā, sik-tsâi tsūn-sū ē khah khó-lân [5]; ba̍k-tsiu thàn ê sî, khah kīn ê sik-tsâi khah bē sūn-hó.
  • Sik-tsâi kám-kak. Ū ang-lúi sik-tsâi khiàⁿ-khàm ê lâng, siông-siông ē kám-kak ū kâng kiáⁿ hâng khah khó. Ná-kú tsit-ê tshì-giām ū-kàu lí kám-kak bô-huat-tō͘, ba̍k-kho i-sing á-sī optometrist ē-sái tsiàu kù-tēng ê hong-huat tshì lí ê sik-tsâi kám-kak.

Tsit-ê tshì-giām ē-sái kóng siáⁿ-mi̍h, ē bē-sái kóng siáⁿ-mi̍h

Sik-tsâi kám-kak tshì-giām ē hō͘ lí khuànn-tio̍h lí ka-kī tùi lúi-sik kap lam-sik ê hun-kài khǹg tī tó-uī, koh tī tsit tè phìⁿ-bō͘ siōng, lí ē-sái án-tsuánn hun-pia̍t khah kīn ê sik-tsâi. Tsit-ê sī tsiàu gián-kiù tshì-giām lâi phah-tsō ê kēng-giû. I m̄-sī sik-tsâi mù-mù tshì-giām, m̄-sī i-sing tshì-giām, mā m̄-sī Farnsworth–Munsell tshì-giām ka-kī: i ê hun-sò͘ bē-sái kap i-sing ê siōng-siông phiau-tsún pí-kàu. Lán kap X-Rite á-sī Munsell bô kuan-hē.

Nā lí siūⁿ lí ū-khó-lîng sī sik-tsâi mù-mù, optometrist á-sī ba̍k-kho i-sing ē-sái iōng tsuân-piān ê phìⁿ-phìⁿ kap kng-tsiò tshì lí.

Siông-siông ū lâng mn̄g ê būn-tê

Guá ê lam-sik kap lí ê lam-sik kâng-khoán bô?

M̄-sī muí-pái lóng kâng. Lâng kén ka-kī siōng tsuân ê lúi-sik kap siōng tsuân ê lam-sik, kén ê sik-tsâi tuì lâng kàu lâng chha khah tuā; chi̍t ê lâng ê lam-sik ē-sái sī pa̍t-ê lâng ê lúi-sik [1]. Helibrain sik-tsâi kám-kak tshì-giām ē tshōe lí ka-kī lúi-sik kap lam-sik ê tùi-sī tē-hng, thang hō͘ lí kap pîng-iú tī kâng chi̍t tè phìⁿ-bō͘ pí-kàu.

Tshuî-tsuâⁿ-sik sī lam-sik á-sī lúi-sik?

Tshuî-tsuâⁿ-sik kap tsing-lúi-sik lóng tī lúi-sik kap lam-sik ê hun-kài, só͘-í tsìng-lâng ē ū bô kâng ê khuànn-huat. Lí kiò in lam-sik á-sī lúi-sik, tùi lí ê ba̍k-tsiu, lí ê phìⁿ-bō͘ kap lí ê gí-giân lóng ū kuan-hē: tsha-tshām ê 120 tsióng gí-giân lāi, 68 tsióng iōng kâng chi̍t ê jī kiò lúi-sik kap lam-sik [2]. Tshì-giām ē hō͘ lí khuànn-tio̍h lí khah khuann tó pêng.

Tsit-ê sī sik-tsâi mù-mù tshì-giām bô?

M̄-sī. Helibrain sik-tsâi kám-kak tshì-giām bô tshì sik-tsâi mù-mù, mā bē-sái phòaⁿ-tuàn siáⁿ-mi̍h pēⁿ. Sik-tsâi mù-mù tshì-giām iōng te̍k-sû ê phìⁿ-phìⁿ kap khòng-tsè ê kng. Tāi-kài 12 ê tāi-lâng lāi ū 1 ê sik-tsâi kám-kak khiàⁿ-khàm [3][10]; ná-kú lí siūⁿ lí ū-khó-lîng ū, tshù-khì khòaⁿ optometrist á-sī ba̍k-kho i-sing.

Án-tsuánn guá tī pa̍t chi̍t tè phìⁿ-bō͘ ê kiat-kó ē piàn?

Phìⁿ-bō͘ siōng ê sik-tsâi bô kâng, bān-ia̍h mô͘-sik, lam-kng lô͘-le̍k kap bêng-tō͘ tsit-luī ê siat-tēng koh ē kā i kái-piàn [8]. Iōng bān-ia̍h mô͘-sik ê tiān-uē tshì ê tùi-sī tē-hng, ē-sái kap iōng bān-ia̍h mô͘-sik ê tāi-piáu-ki ê kiat-kó bô kâng. Siōng kong-pêng ê pí-kàu hong-huat, sī muí-pái lóng iōng kâng chi̍t tè phìⁿ-bō͘ kap kâng chi̍t ê siat-tēng.

Tsit-ê sī Farnsworth–Munsell 100-hue tshì-giām bô?

M̄-sī. Tē 2 pō͘-hūn siū Farnsworth–Munsell 100-hue tshì-giām khah khah-khì, mā iōng i ê sǹg-hun kùi-tsik, m̄-koh lán ê sik-tsâi sī lán ka-kī ê, sik-tsâi khah tsió, koh sī phìⁿ-bō͘ siōng hián-sī, m̄-sī iōng standard kng-khui ê si̍t-thé khap-á. Lán ê hun-sò͘ bē-sái kap i-sing ê siōng-siông phiau-tsún pí-kàu.

Helibrain sik-tsâi kám-kak tshì-giām chin-ê bô sūi?

Sī. Tshì-giām kap lí tsuân-pō͘ ê kiat-kó lóng bô sūi: m̄-bián tsù-ko̍k, m̄-bián email, m̄-bián thiaⁿ-tsîⁿ. Helibrain tùi i ê app hēng-tō͘, hit-ê app ū bô sūi ê phian-kang kap ài thiaⁿ-tsîⁿ ê phian-kang; lí m̄-bián iōng app mā ē-sái tshì-giām.

Siong-kuan ê tshì-giām

Khòaⁿ tsuân-pō͘ 43 hông-bîⁿ ê tāu-lāi tshì-giām

Nā beh ta̍k-ji̍t tsò tsit-ê? Helibrain app (hiān-tsāi iáu-koh sī Ióng-bûn) ū bô su-iàu tsînn ê kè-uē kap siu-tsînn ê kè-uē.

Ín-iōng chit ê bāng-ia̍h: Sik-tsâi kám-kak tshì-giām. Helibrain. 2026. https://helibrain.com/nan/color-perception-test. CC BY 4.0.

How this test works

This test has two parts. First, one color at a time appears, and you say whether it looks blue or green; the colors close in on the hue where your blue begins. Then you put four rows of colors in order, so that each row changes smoothly. You get your blue–green boundary, which has no right answer, and an error score for the ordering, where 0 is perfect. Vision labs and eye clinics have used color-sorting tasks like this since 1943.

Version 1 · Cite this test:

Helibrain (2026). Color perception test, v1. https://helibrain.com/color-perception-test/methods

Full method →

Chham-khó͘ tsu-liāu

  1. Kuehni RG (2004). Variability in unique hue selection: a surprising phenomenon. Color Research & Application 29(2):158–162. doi.org/10.1002/col.10237
  2. Kay P, Maffi L (2013). Green and Blue. In: Dryer MS, Haspelmath M (eds.), The World Atlas of Language Structures Online, chapter 134. wals.info/chapter/134
  3. Birch J (2012). Worldwide prevalence of red-green color deficiency. Journal of the Optical Society of America A 29(3):313–320. doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.29.000313
  4. Winawer J, Witthoft N, Frank MC, Wu L, Wade AR, Boroditsky L (2007). Russian blues reveal effects of language on color discrimination. PNAS 104(19):7780–7785. doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0701644104
  5. Kinnear PR, Sahraie A (2002). New Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue test norms of normal observers for each year of age 5–22 and for age decades 30–70. British Journal of Ophthalmology 86(12):1408–1411. doi.org/10.1136/bjo.86.12.1408
  6. Lafer-Sousa R, Hermann KL, Conway BR (2015). Striking individual differences in color perception uncovered by "the dress" photograph. Current Biology 25(13):R545–R546. doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2015.04.053
  7. Wallisch P (2017). Illumination assumptions account for individual differences in the perceptual interpretation of a profoundly ambiguous stimulus in the color domain: "The dress". Journal of Vision 17(4):5. doi.org/10.1167/17.4.5
  8. X-Rite. Online color challenge and hue test (product information page; notes that monitor differences limit online versions). www.xrite.com/hue-test (checked 4 November 2026)
  9. Regier T, Kay P (2009). Language, thought, and color: Whorf was half right. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 13(10):439–446. doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2009.07.001
  10. National Eye Institute. Color blindness. www.nei.nih.gov/eye-health-information/eye-conditions-and-diseases/color-blindness (checked 4 November 2026)

Tsit-ê ia̍h-mn̂g án-tsuánn tsò--ê: Helibrain ê tiōng-tsèng ê lâng kàu-kòe siōng-bīn liáu-lia̍t ê gián-kiù lâi siá, koh tùi 11/4/2026 hō͘Robert(Ióng-bûn) (seng-bu̍t li̍k-ha̍k PhD tshù-pī-seng) kàu-kòe. Tsu-liāu ū kái-kòe ê sî, guán ē kā tsit-ê ia̍h-mn̂g kái-kòe.