isiXhosa
Indlela yokusebenza: Uvavanyo lokubona imibala
Umda wokuthiya imibala (izinyuko ezimbini eziguquguqukayo nezitshintshanayo) kunye nomsebenzi wokulandelelanisa iithinti owenziwe ngokomzekelo wovavanyo lwe-Farnsworth–Munsell 100-hue
Inguqulelo yenkqubo yokubala amanqaku: 1
← Buyela kuvavanyoInto eliyilinganisayo
(1) Ithinti apho umtyeleli ayeka ukubiza umbala ngokuthi 'luhlaza' aze awubize ngokuthi 'luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka' (umda phakathi kweendidi zemibala). (2) Ukukwazi ukwahlula iithinti ezisondelelene kakhulu, okulinganiswa ngeempazamo zokulandelelanisa imibala enokukhanya okufanayo nobunzulu bombala obufanayo kwisikrini somtyeleli.
Inkqubo
Yonke imibala ikwisithuba semibala se-OKLCH, inokukhanya okungu-0.72 nobunzulu bombala obungu-0.12 (ngaphakathi komgama wemibala we-sRGB kuzo zonke iithinti), ngoko kutshintsha ithinti kuphela; iboniswa phezu kombala ongathathi cala ongwevu ophakathi. Inxalenye 1: kuvela ibala elinye ngexesha, likhethwa kuluhlu lweethinti olusuka ku-140° (icala eliluhlaza) ukuya ku-250° (icala eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka); umtyeleli uphendula athi Luhlaza okanye Luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ngamaqhosha okanye ngezitshixo ← no-→); ibala lihlala de kuphendulwe, kulandele imizuzwana eyi-350 yombala ongwevu. Izinyuko ezimbini ziqala ku-150° naku-240°; kuvavanyo ngalunye kukhethwa ngokungakhethiyo olunye lwezinyuko ezingekagqitywa. Impendulo ethi 'luhlaza' ihambisa eso sinyuko sisiya kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ize ethi 'luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka' isihambise sisiya kuluhlaza; inyathelo liqala ku-16° lize libe sisiqingatha kwithuba ngalinye lokujika, lide lifike ku-2°. Izilingo eziyi-12 kwizinyuko ngasinye (zingama-24 zizonke). Inxalenye 2: iminqwazi engama-52 ebekwe ngezithuba ezilinganayo kwisangqa seethinti (malunga ne-6.9° phakathi komnye nomnye, kuqalwa kwithinti engu-0°) yenza imiqolo emi-4; umqolo ngamnye uneminqwazi emiselweyo eziphelweni zombini, neminqwazi eyi-12 exutyiweyo phakathi kwayo. Umtyeleli urhuqa iminqwazi okanye achukumise emibini ukuze ayitshintshise, de imibala yomqolo itshintshe ngokuthe chu. Akukho mda wexesha okanye zilingo zokuziqhelanisa.
Iiparamitha
| Iparamitha | Ixabiso |
|---|---|
| Isithuba semibala | OKLCH, L = 0.72, C = 0.12, ithinti iyatshintsha |
| Uluhlu lweethinti zomda | 140°–250° |
| Iindawo zokuqala zezinyuko | 150° no-240° |
| Inyathelo lesinyuko | 16°, liba sisiqingatha kwithuba ngalinye lokujika, ubuncinane ngu-2° |
| Izilingo kwisinyuko ngasinye | 12 (izinyuko ezi-2 ezitshintshanayo, izilingo ezingama-24) |
| Isithuba phakathi kwamabala | 350 ms yombala ongwevu ongathathi cala |
| Umsebenzi wokulandelelanisa | Imiqolo emi-4 × iminqwazi eyi-12 eshukumayo + iminqwazi emi-2 emiselweyo eziphelweni zomqolo ngamnye; iminqwazi engama-52 iyonke, kumalunga ne-6.9° phakathi komnye nomnye |
| Umda wexesha | akukho |
| Iindlela zokufaka iimpendulo | ukuchukumisa, imawusi, izitshixo zotolo |
Indlela yokubala amanqaku
Umda: umsebenzi we-logistic P(blue | hue) = 1 / (1 + exp(−(hue − b) / s)) ulungiselelwa zonke iimpendulo ezingama-24 kusetyenziswa indlela yokuba nokwenzeka okuphezulu, kukhangelwa kuluhlu lwamaxabiso (b ngamanyathelo ka-0.5°, s ukusuka ku-1.5° ukuya ku-40°); umda ngu-b, indawo ye-50%, ngeedegree zethinti ye-OKLCH, ulinganiselwe ku-140°–250°. Ukuba zonke iimpendulo bezifana, umda ubekwa ekupheleni koluhlu kuze kuboniswe ukuba ungaphaya kwalo. Akukho xabiso lichanekileyo okanye liphosakeleyo. Ukulandelelanisa: iminqwazi inamanani ajikeleze isangqa; umnqwazi ngamnye oshukumayo ufumana amanqaku |n − n_left| + |n − n_right|, aze amanqaku empazamo abe sisimbuku (amanqaku omnqwazi − 2) kuyo yonke iminqwazi (u-0 uthetha ulandelelwano olugqibeleleyo, njengakuvavanyo lwe-100-hue), kumqolo ngamnye nakuzo zonke zizonke; amanqaku asezantsi angcono. Kukwaxelwa inani leminqwazi ebekwe kwindawo engafanelekanga kunye nommandla wethinti oneempazamo ezininzi.
Imithetho yeseshoni esebenzayo
Isinyuko ngasinye kufuneka sibe neempendulo ezili-12 kanye, kwaye ithinti nganye ebonisiweyo kufuneka ihambelane nethinti emiselwe yimigaqo yesinyuko ngokweempendulo esele zinikiwe (kujongwa kwiseva ngomahluko ongadluliyo ku-±0.05°); umqolo ngamnye kufuneka ube neminqwazi yawo kuphela. Kungenjalo, olo vavanyo alwamkelwa.
Umahluko kumsebenzi wakudala
Uvavanyo lwe-Farnsworth–Munsell 100-hue lusebenzisa iminqwazi ebonakalayo engama-85 kwiitreyi ezi-4 phantsi komthombo wokukhanya omiselweyo, kwaye lunemilinganiselo eqhelekileyo yekliniki. Olu guqulelo lusebenzisa imibala engama-52 yesikrini esiyikhethileyo (engama-48 iyashukumiseka), enokukhanya nobunzulu bombala obungatshintshiyo be-OKLCH, kwizikrini ezingalinganiswanga; ngoko amanqaku alo akanakuthelekiswa nemilinganiselo eqhelekileyo yekliniki. Umsebenzi wokumisela umda ophakathi koluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza awukho kuvavanyo lwe-100-hue.
Imida
Izikrini zahluka kwindlela ezivelisa ngayo imibala, kwaye iindlela zasebusuku, izihluzi zokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukuqaqamba kwesikrini nokukhanya kwegumbi kuyayiguqula imibala; iziphumo zinokuthelekiswa kuphela xa kusetyenziswa isikrini esinye noseto olufanayo. Umda ukwaxhomekeke kumagama emibala asetyenziswa kulwimi lwephepha. Olu asilovavanyo lokuhlola ukubona imibala, kwaye alusosifo esifunyaniswayo.
Iilwimi nemeko yophononongo
Izivuseleli zemibala azixhomekekanga kulwimi, nemiyalelo ifumaneka ngazo zonke iilwimi zesayithi. Iileyibhile zeempendulo ezithi 'Luhlaza' no-'Luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka' ziguqulelwe, ngoko umda wokuthiya imibala ubonisa amagama emibala asetyenziswa kulwimi lwephepha (ezinye iilwimi zisebenzisa igama elinye kuyo yomibini imibala).
Imeko yophononongo ngokolwimi lwemiyalelo
Iilwimi zemiyalelo ezipapashiweyo zidweliswe ngezantsi. Indlela yokuguqulela: uguqulelo oluncedwa ngumatshini kunye nohlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo. Izinto ezithile zolwimi zichazwe ngasentla; akukho xwebhu apha lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama.
| Ulwimi lwemiyalelo | Imeko yophononongo ebhaliweyo |
|---|---|
| English | Umbhalo wokuqala ubhalwe ngesiNgesi. |
| Afaan Oromoo | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Afrikaans | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Akan | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Avañe’ẽ | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Aymar aru | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Azərbaycan dili | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Bahasa Indonesia | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Bahasa Melayu | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Bahsa Acèh | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Bamanankan | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Basa Bali | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Basa Banjar | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Basa Jawa | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Basa Sunda | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Basa Ugi | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Baso Minangkabau | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Bikol | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Bosanski | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Català | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Cebuano | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Čeština | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Chichewa | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| ChiShona | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| chiTumbuka | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Dansk | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Deutsch | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Eesti | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Español | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Eʋegbe | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Filipino | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Français | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Fulfulde | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Galego | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Gĩkũyũ | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Hausa | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Hiligaynon | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Hmoob | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Hrvatski | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Igbo | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Ikinyarwanda | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Ikirundi | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Ilokano | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| isiXhosa | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| isiZulu | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Italiano | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| itsonga | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Kapampangan | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Kiswahili | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Kreyòl ayisyen | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Kurmancî | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Latviešu | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Lietuvių | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Lingála | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Lombard | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Luganda | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Madhurâ | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Magyar | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Malagasy | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Mizo ṭawng | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Naijá | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Napulitano | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Nederlands | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Norsk bokmål | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Oʻzbekcha | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Pangasinan | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Piemontèis | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Polski | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Português | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Română | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Runa simi | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Sardu | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Scots | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Sepedi | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Sesotho | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Setswana | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Shqip | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Sicilianu | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| siSwati | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Slovenčina | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Slovenščina | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Soomaali | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Srpski | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Suomi | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Svenska | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Tâi-gí | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Taqbaylit | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Tiếng Việt | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Tok Pisin | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Tshivenḓa | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Türkçe | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Türkmençe | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Vahcuengh | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Vèneto | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Winaray | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Wolof | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Yorùbá | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Zazakî | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Ελληνικά | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Башҡортса | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Беларуская | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Български | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Кыргызча | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Қазақ тілі | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Македонски | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Монгол | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Нохчийн | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Русский | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Татарча | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Тоҷикӣ | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Українська | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Чӑвашла | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| ქართული | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| Հայերեն | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| עברית | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| ئۇيغۇرچە | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| اردو | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| العربية | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| پښتو | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| پنجابی | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| سنڌي | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| فارسی | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| کٲشُر | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| کوردیی ناوەندی | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| گیلکی | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| مازرونی | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| ትግርኛ | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| አማርኛ | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| अवधी | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| कोंकणी | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| नेपाली | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| बर’ | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| भोजपुरी | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| मराठी | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| मैथिली | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| हिन्दी | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| অসমীয়া | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| বাংলা | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| ਪੰਜਾਬੀ | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| ગુજરાતી | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| ଓଡ଼ିଆ | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| தமிழ் | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| తెలుగు | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| ಕನ್ನಡ | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| ತುಳು | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| മലയാളം | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| සිංහල | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| ꯃꯩꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| ไทย | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| ລາວ | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| བོད་ཡིག | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| မြန်မာ | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| လိၵ်ႈတႆး | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| ខ្មែរ | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| 한국어 | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| 吴语 | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| 日本語 | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| 简体中文 | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| 粵語 | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
| 繁體中文 | Uhlolo oluzenzekelayo lweskripthi nopelo; akukho xwebhu lubonisa uphononongo lwesithethi somthonyama. |
Indlela yokuchaza njengomthombo
Helibrain (2026). Color perception test, v1. https://helibrain.com/color-perception-test/methods
Utshintsho olwenziweyo
· Inguqulelo 1 · Upapasho lokuqala lweendlela zomsebenzi okhutshiweyo ngoku.
Iimbekiselo
Farnsworth, D. (1943). The Farnsworth-Munsell 100-hue and dichotomous tests for color vision. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 33(10), 568–578.
https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSA.33.000568original hue-ordering test and error score
Kinnear, P. R., & Sahraie, A. (2002). New Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue test norms of normal observers for each year of age 5–22 and for age decades 30–70. British Journal of Ophthalmology, 86(12), 1408–1411.
https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo.86.12.1408clinical norms by age
Levitt, H. (1971). Transformed up-down methods in psychoacoustics. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 49(2B), 467–477.
https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1912375up-down staircase methods
Winawer, J., Witthoft, N., Frank, M. C., Wu, L., Wade, A. R., & Boroditsky, L. (2007). Russian blues reveal effects of language on color discrimination. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(19), 7780–7785.
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0701644104language and colour category boundaries
Umbhalo weendlela: CC BY 4.0. Chaza i-Helibrain uze ubeke ikhonkco kule ndlela. Iiseti zedatha nemathiriyeli yomsebenzi zineemvume zazo; le mvume isebenza kumbhalo weendlela.
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