Humbowo nenhamba zvinokosha
| Shanduro | Mashoko anoteverwa | Mashoko ekuchengetedza pakuverenga zvibodzwa |
|---|---|---|
| N-back imwe chete yekuona | Rudzi rumwe rwezvinoonekwa kana nzvimbo | Zvinoenderana, mhinduro dzenhema uye nguva yekupindura |
| N-back imwe chete yekunzwa | Rudzi rumwe rwemanzwi | Mitemo yekuridza manzwi uye yekupindura |
| N-back mbiri | Marudzi maviri anoteverwa pamwe chete | Mitemo yezvibodzwa zverudzi rumwe nerumwe uye zvabatanidzwa |
Tsvakurudzo yeN-back inosanganisira nzira dzakawanda dzekuiita, kwete mutambo mumwe chete wakafanana kune vose. Owen nevamwe vanosiyanisa rudzi rwezvinhu, nzvimbo nezviri mukati, nepo kuongorora kwakabatanidza tsvakurudzo yekudzidzira kuchitarisa kusiyana kwemaitiro ekudzidzisa nezvinobuda. Kusiyana uku kunoreva kuti kungotaura nhanho yeN chete hakutsananguri zvakakwana mashandiro emunhu. Owen et al., 2005 Soveri et al., 2017
N-back mbiri inowedzera basa ripi?
Kutevera marudzi maviri kunowedzera zvinodiwa pakuronga zviito pamwe chete, asi kuoma kwacho kunoenderana nenguva inoratidzwa mhando imwe neimwe uye maverengerwo anoitwa zvibodzwa. Hazvina kururama kupeta zvibodzwa zvebasa rimwe chete kaviri kana kubvisa nhamba yakatarwa yematanho kuti ufungidzire zvibodzwa zveN-back mbiri. Dzidziso yendangariro inoshanda inotaura nezvemhando dzakasiyana dzemashoko uye maitiro ekudzora, kwete nhamba imwe chete yezvinhu zvinogona kuchengetwa mupfungwa mumabasa ose. Baddeley, 2012 Cowan, 2001
Musiyano uyu unotsanangurawo kuti nei chibodzwa chimwe chete chekuyeuka nhamba dzakataurwa chisingagoni kusarudza kuti ndeipi shanduro ichaonekwa seyakareruka nemunhu. Nzira dzekuongorora ndangariro dzinoda kuyeuka nekugadzirisa zvinhu nenzira dzakasiyana, uye kuongorora kwakafananidza N-back nebasa rakaoma rekuyeuka panguva imwe chete kunoramba pfungwa yekuti zviyero izvi zvinogona kutsivana. Conway et al., 2005 Redick et al., 2013
N-back mbiri iri nani here maererano nesainzi?
Kuti upindure, zvinofanira kutanga zvataurwa kuti chii chiri kuyerwa: kuita zviri nani pabasa rawakadzidzira, kuendesa unyanzvi kune rimwe basa rendangariro, kana kuvandudza kufunga kwakakura zvakasiyana. Kuongorora kwakabatanidza tsvakurudzo yekudzidzira kunopatsanura zvinobuda izvi. Kudzidzira kunonetsa zvikuru kana kuoma hakusi iko pachako humbowo hwepundutso yakakura kumunhu wose. Soveri et al., 2017
Chii chinochikanganisa?
Humbowo hwekuendeswa kweunyanzvi hunoratidzei?
Kuvandudzika pamabasa ane hukama kunogona kuitika, kunyanya kana ongororo yacho yakafanana nebasa rekudzidzira. Ongororo yakakura yendangariro inoshanda inowana kuti mashoko ekuti kudzidzira kunovandudza ungwaru kana zvimwe zvinobuda zviri kure anova asina kusimba kana akaenzaniswa nemazvo nemapoka ekudzora. Zvakawanikwa izvi hazvitsigiri kuvimbisa kuti N-back mbiri inoita kuti munhu awedzere kungwara pazvinhu zvose. Melby-Lervåg et al., 2016 Soveri et al., 2017
Hazvireviwo kuti kudzidza mutambo hakuna zvakwakanakira. Munhu anogona kuwedzera unyanzvi pakuramba achitevera mutemo, kuterera zvinokurudzira uye kupindura nemazvo. Tsananguro inotsigirwa nesainzi inoramba iri pane basa rakaongororwa kana pane zvimwe zvakayerwa zvine hukama naro. Soveri et al., 2017
Nei nhanho dzepamhepo dzisingashandi sechiyero chimwe chete
Kumhanya kwekuratidzwa kwezvinhu, uwandu hwezvinangwa, miganhu yekuchinja kuoma, zvinhu zvinotsausa uye nguva yekupindura zvinogona kusiyana. Basa reN-back mbiri rinononoka rinogona kuva nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana nezveN-back imwe chete inokurumidza. Kana nzira nemayero zvisina kufananidzwa, mazita akafanana eN haarevi kugona kwakaenzana kana zviyero zvinomirira zera nebonde. Owen et al., 2005 Redick et al., 2013
Kuvimbika kwechiyero kunofanirawo kuongororwa pachibodzwa chacho, kunyanya kana chiri musiyano pakati pemashanduro. Tsvakurudzo yezvinonetsa pakuvimbika kwezviyero inoratidza kuti mabasa ekuyedza akasimba anogona kuramba aine kusiyana kukuru pazviyero zvevanhu mumwe nemumwe. Nhanho imwe yawakasvika kamwe chete haifaniri kuva chinyorwa chisingachinji pamusoro pendangariro yako inoshanda. Hedge et al., 2017
Kana ukaenzanisa mashanduro nenzira isiri yepamutemo, nyora mashoko anoatsanangura uye ona mhinduro dzakarurama nedzenhema. Ona zvaunoda kana kufambira mberi kwako sezvine chekuita nebasa iroro chete. Humbowo hahuratidzi nhanho yeN inogara iri yakanakisisa kumunhu wose, uwandu hwekudzidzira hunovimbisa pundutso, kana nzira yekushandura mashandiro eN-back mbiri kuita IQ. Conway et al., 2005 Melby-Lervåg et al., 2016
Edza muedzo wemahara une chekuita nazvo
Muedzo weN-back
Edza muedzo weN-back uye tevera shanduro yatsanangurwa papeji. Kana ukashandisa imwe nzira yakasiyana yeN-back mbiri, nyora zvabuda zvayo zvakasiyana pane kubata mazita eN senge ari pachiyero chimwe chete. Basa reHelibrain hariratidzi kuti kudzidzira kunovandudza kugona kwose.
Mibvunzo yakajairika
N-back mbiri ye2 yakafanana neN-back imwe chete ye4 here?
Kwete. Nhamba yacho inoratidza kuti unotarisa zvakaitika nguva yakadii yapfuura; kuwedzera rumwe rudzi rwezvinokurudzira kunochinja zvinodiwa pakuronga zviito pamwe chete, hakungopeti nhambwe yacho kaviri. Owen et al., 2005
N-back mbiri ichavandudza mabasa ose endangariro here?
Ongororo dzinosiyanisa kudzidza basa racho, kuendeswa kweunyanzvi kumabasa ane hukama uye kuendeswa kure. Chibodzwa chepamusoro pakudzidzira hachiratidzi kuti kugona kwose kwavandudzika. Soveri et al., 2017 Melby-Lervåg et al., 2016
Ndeipi shanduro yandinofanira kushandisa kuyera IQ?
Hapana shanduro inopa nzira yakasimbiswa yakananga yekushandura nhanho yeN kuita IQ. Mabasa akasiyana endangariro inoshanda haatsivani. Redick et al., 2013
Manyuko
- Owen et al. (2005). Maitiro eN-back ekuongorora ndangariro inoshanda: kuongorora kwakabatanidza zvidzidzo zvakajairika zvekufungidzira mashandiro ehuropi.
- Redick et al. (2013). Zviyero zvendangariro inoshanda zvinoda kuyeuka zvinhu zvakawanda pamwe chete uye zveN-back: kuongorora kwakabatanidza tsvakurudzo.
- Cowan (2001). Nhamba inoshamisa ye4 mundangariro yenguva pfupi: kuongororazve kugona kwepfungwa kuchengetedza mashoko.
- Baddeley (2012). Ndangariro inoshanda: dzidziso, mienzaniso nemakakatanwa.
- Conway et al. (2005). Mabasa ekuongorora kukwanisa kwendangariro inoshanda: gwaro renzira nemashandisirwo.
- Soveri et al. (2017). Kuongororazve kudzidzisa ndangariro inoshanda: kuongorora kwakabatanidza tsvakurudzo yematanho akasiyana yezvidzidzo zvekudzidzisa N-back.
- Melby-Lervåg et al. (2016). Kudzidzisa ndangariro inoshanda hakuvandudzi mashandiro pazviyero zveungwaru kana zvimwe zviyero zvinoratidza kuendeswa kweunyanzvi kure.
- Hedge et al. (2017). Dambudziko rekuvimbika kwezviyero: nei mabasa akasimba ekuongorora pfungwa asingaratidzi misiyano yakavimbika pakati pevanhu.