Ubufakazi obuyinhloko nezinombolo
| Ukuhlukaniswa ocwaningweni | Isilinganiso | Indlela yokubala esetshenzisiwe |
|---|---|---|
| Isigaba sezithombe ezingacacile | 3.9% | Isamba se-VVIQ esingu-16–32 |
| Ukungabi khona okubikwe ngokuphelele | 0.8% | Isamba se-VVIQ esingu-16 |
| Izithombe ezifiphele noma ezingacacile phakathi kwesigaba esiphansi | 3.1% | Isamba se-VVIQ esingu-17–32 |
Iphepha lihlanganisa amasampula amabili abantu abangu-502 lilinye. Likhomba abantu abangu-39 abasesigabeni esibanzi sezithombe ezingacacile, kuhlanganise nabayisishiyagalombili abathole isamba esiphansi kunazo zonke. Lo mehluko ubalulekile ngoba incazelo ebanzi yezithombe ezingacacile iveza ukusabalala okuhlukile kunendinganiso yokungabi nazo nhlobo. Kule ndlela yokubala yemibuzo, izamba eziphansi zisho izithombe ezingacaci kangako. Dance et al., 2022
Lolu hlu lwemibuzo lulinganisa ini?
Uhlu lwemibuzo lwe-Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire lubuza ngomuzwa womuntu siqu wokubona izithombe ngengqondo. Umsebenzi wokuqala kaMarks wethula lesi silinganiso; izifundo zakamuva zokungakwazi ukubona izithombe ngengqondo zisisebenzisa ngemithetho ecacile yokubala amaphuzu. Ukuguqula uhlangothi lwesikali sezimpendulo kushintsha incazelo yesamba, ngakho-ke akufanele neze kusetshenziswe umngcele wamaphuzu ngaphandle kokuhlola uhlobo lohlu olusetshenzisiwe. MARKS, 1973 Dance et al., 2022
Ukuzibika kusiza ukuqonda okuhlangenwe nakho komuntu, kodwa akufani nomsebenzi wokulinganisa indlela izinzwa ezisebenza ngayo noma nokulinganisa ubuchopho ngokuqondile. UKeogh noPearson basebenzisa indlela yokuncintisana kokubona ngamehlo womabili ukuze bahlole izithombe zezinzwa, bebonisa indlela abacwaningi abangabuza ngayo umbuzo ohlobene besebenzisa enye indlela. Isilinganiso esisodwa asithathi indawo yesinye ngokuzenzakalelayo. Keogh et al., 2018
Ingabe ukungakwazi ukubona izithombe ngengqondo kusho ukungabi nawo nhlobo umcabango?
Akukho siphetho esibanzi kanjalo esilandela kulokhu. Ucwaningo luphathelene nezinhlobo ezithile zokubona izithombe ngengqondo, ikakhulukazi ukubona izithombe ngokuzithandela. Imibiko kaZeman nozakwabo kanye nokubuyekezwa okubanzi ngezithombe zengqondo kuhlukanisa amazinga okucaca ngokweqile noma aphansi kakhulu kukho konke ukucabanga, ubuciko nolwazi. Umuntu angase aqonde futhi acabange ngesimo ngaphandle kokubika ukuthi ubona isithombe esicacile engqondweni. Zeman et al., 2015 Zeman et al., 2020 Pearson, 2019
Yini ekuthintayo?
Kuthiwani ngenkumbulo namaphupho?
UDawes nozakwabo bachaza izindlela abantu abazibikayo zokubona izithombe ngengqondo, ukukhumbula nokuphupha kubantu abazibona benokungakwazi ukubona izithombe ngengqondo. Lezi izindlela ezivamile emaqenjini anokwehluka okukhulu phakathi kwabantu, akuyona imithetho ethi wonke umuntu uba namaphupho afanayo noma unenkinga efanayo yokukhumbula. Indlela yokulinganisa neyokuqasha ababambiqhaza nayo iyingxenye yokuhumusha imiphumela. Dawes et al., 2020
Ucwaningo lokudweba lukaBainbridge nozakwabo lwathola umehluko phakathi kokusebenza kwenkumbulo yezinto nokwenkumbulo yendawo. Alusekeli ukusho ukuthi abantu abangaziboni izithombe ngengqondo abanayo nhlobo inkumbulo ebonakalayo noma abakwazi ukumela ubudlelwano bendawo. Izingxenye ezahlukene zenkumbulo zidinga ukuhlolwa ngokwehlukana. Bainbridge et al., 2021
Ingabe ubudala nobulili bunquma ukusabalala?
Ephepheni lokusabalala elihlanganisa amasampula, izilinganiso zabesifazane nezamadoda azizange zihluke ngokwezibalo ngaphansi kwezincazelo ezahlolwayo. Lokhu akufakazeli ukuthi zilingana ngokuphelele kuwo wonke amaqembu abantu. Amasampula, iminyaka yawo nomngcele wamaphuzu okhethiwe kubeka imingcele ekusebenziseni imiphumela kwamanye amaqembu; umphakathi waku-inthanethi ogxile ezithombeni zengqondo ubungase ube nendlela ehlukile yokuqasha ababambiqhaza. Dance et al., 2022
Yini ongayifunda ngokoqobo ekuhlolweni okuku-inthanethi?
Uhlu lwemibuzo lungasiza ukuchaza indlela obika ngayo ukubona izithombe ngengqondo futhi lucacise amagama asetshenziswayo. Akufanele luguqule amaphuzu aphansi abe ukuxilongwa kwezokwelapha noma isimangalo ngobuhlakani. Izigaba ezisetshenziswe ocwaningweni lokusabalala ziyizincazelo zokusebenza zocwaningo, akuwona umthetho osebenza kuwo wonke amafomu emibuzo akuwebhu. Dance et al., 2022 MARKS, 1973
Le mithombo ayinayo futhi indlela yokuqeqesha esunguliwe eqinisekisa ukuthi umuntu ongabiki ukubona izithombe ngengqondo uzokwazi ukudala izithombe ezicacile. Okungasiza ngokoqobo ukuqonda ukwehluka kwabantu nemingcele yesilinganiso, kunokuthembisa ikhambi noma ukuthuthukisa ikhono. Pearson, 2019 Zeman et al., 2020
Izibalo ezingu-3.9% nezingu-0.8% ziwusizo kakhulu uma incazelo yazo ihambisana nazo. Ukususa leyo ncazelo kungenza imibuzo emibili ehlukene ibonakale sengathi inempendulo eyodwa ephikisanayo. Dance et al., 2022
Zama ukuhlolwa kwamahhala okuhlobene nalokhu
Ukuhlolwa kokungakwazi ukubona izithombe ngengqondo
Zama uhlu lwemibuzo lokungakwazi ukubona izithombe ngengqondo ukuze uhlole indlela ochaza ngayo ukubona izithombe ngokuzithandela. Funda ukuthi isikali sibheke ngakuphi, bese ubheka umphumela njengokuzibika kwakho. Amaphesenti ashicilelwe awakuqinisekisi ukuxilongwa futhi awakunikezi izinga lakho uma uqhathaniswa nabantu abasebenzisa i-Helibrain.
Imibuzo evamile
Ingabe ukusabalala kungu-0.8% noma u-3.9%?
Zombili zivela ocwaningweni olufanayo oluhlanganisa amasampula, kodwa zisebenzisa izincazelo ezihlukene: ukungabi khona okubikwe ngokuphelele uma kuqhathaniswa nesigaba esibanzi sezithombe ezingacacile. Dance et al., 2022
Ingabe ukungakwazi ukubona izithombe ngengqondo kusho ukungaphuphi?
Awukho umthetho osebenza kuwo wonke umuntu. Ucwaningo lwephrofayela yokuqonda lubika ukwehluka kokubona izithombe ngengqondo nokuhlangenwe nakho kwamaphupho. Dawes et al., 2020
Ingabe ukubona izithombe ezingacacile kusho inkumbulo yendawo ebuthaka?
Akusho lokho ngempela. Ucwaningo lokudweba luhlukanisa inkumbulo yezinto kweyendawo, kunokuphatha yonke inkumbulo njengekhono elilodwa. Bainbridge et al., 2021
Imithombo
- Dance et al. (2022). Ukusabalala kokungakwazi ukubona izithombe ngengqondo (ubuthakathaka bezithombe zengqondo) emphakathini uwonke.
- MARKS (1973). Umehluko ezithombeni ezibonakalayo zengqondo ekukhumbuleni izithombe.
- Keogh et al. (2018). Ingqondo engaboni: Ukungabi nezithombe ezibonakalayo zezinzwa ku-aphantasia.
- Zeman et al. (2015). Izimpilo ezingenazo izithombe zengqondo – ukungakwazi ukubona izithombe ngengqondo kusukela ekuzalweni.
- Zeman et al. (2020). I-phantasia – ukubaluleka ngokwengqondo kwamazinga okucaca kwezithombe zengqondo ezibonakalayo kukho konke ukuphila.
- Pearson (2019). Umcabango womuntu: isayensi yezinzwa yokuqonda izithombe zengqondo ezibonakalayo.
- Dawes et al. (2020). Iphrofayela yokuqonda yezithombe zezinzwa eziningi, inkumbulo nokuphupha ku-aphantasia.
- Bainbridge et al. (2021). Ukulinganisa ukungakwazi ukubona izithombe ngengqondo ngokudweba: Abantu abangenazo izithombe ezibonakalayo zengqondo banenkinga enkumbulweni yezinto kodwa hhayi kweyendawo.