Ubungqina namanani abalulekileyo
| Ubungakanani | Intsingiselo ethe ngqo | Ubungqina obongezelelweyo obufunekayo |
|---|---|---|
| Inani leempendulo ezichanekileyo | Impumelelo kwimibuzo enikiweyo | Ubunzima bemibuzo nemithetho yokuqhuba uvavanyo |
| Ixesha elithathiweyo | Isantya phantsi kwaloo miyalelo | Ukuchaneka, imida yexesha nomgangatho womlinganiselo |
| Ipesenti ngokwezinga | Indawo xa ithelekiswa neqela elisetyenziselwa uthelekiso | Imilinganiselo yesiqhelo efanelekileyo nemele abantu abahlukeneyo |
| Amanqaku kwisikali se-IQ | Intsingiselo esemgangathweni | Indlela yokuguqula eqinisekisiweyo nemilinganiselo yesiqhelo yobudala |
UCarpenter, uJust noShell bahlalutya iinkqubo ezisetyenziswa kwiimatriksi zikaRaven ngokujonga indlela abantu abaqhuba ngayo, iingxelo zabo nangokulandelela iintshukumo zamehlo. Ingcaciso yabo igxininisa ekufumaneni izinto eziphindaphindayo nasekulawuleni unxulumano. Olu luhlalutyo lwethiyori losapho lovavanyo olusekiweyo, aluqinisekisi zonke iiphazili zeepateni ezifana nalo. Carpenter et al., 1990
Kutheni iimatriksi zidla ngokubizwa ngokuba azisebenzisi magama?
Umxholo wemibuzo unokunciphisa imfuneko yokwazi isigama esithile, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba uvavanyo luzimele kwimiyalelo, kwimfundo, kumava okanye kwinkcubeko. Uphononongo lukaRaven lubonisa ukuba imilinganiselo yesiqhelo iyahluka ngokwemeko nangexesha. Ifomathi engasebenzisi magama nenkcazelo engenampembelelo yenkcubeko ngamabango amabini ahlukeneyo. Raven, 2000
Uphononongo olubanzi lobukrelekrele nalo lujonga amanqaku ovavanyo njengemilinganiselo enamandla nemida, kungekhona inkcazelo epheleleyo yomntu. Imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yengqiqo inokufuna iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuqiqa, inkumbulo nezinye izakhono. Neisser et al., 1996 Hampshire et al., 2012
Ngaba ukuqiqa ngeematriksi kuyafana ne-IQ epheleleyo?
Akukho sizathu sokulinganisa ezi zinto ngokuzenzekelayo. Uvavanyo olubanzi lunokudibanisa iintlobo ezininzi zemisebenzi lusebenzise amanqaku adityanisiweyo achazwe kwincwadi yemiyalelo. Isikhokelo samanqaku sompapashi sibonisa ukuba amanqaku asemgangathweni nezithuba zokuzithemba ziyinxalenye yenkqubo ethile yovavanyo. Indlela yokubala eqhelekileyo ayiyenzi inkqubo enjalo kumdlalo omtsha. Pearson, 2020
Yintoni eyichaphazelayo?
Yintoni etshintsha iziphumo?
Ukukhethwa kwemibuzo, ubunzima bayo, imida yexesha nokuqhelana nayo ngaphambili konke kuchaphazela oko kuvavanywayo. Uphando lovavanyo oluphindwayo lufumanisa ukuphucuka kuvavanyo oluphindaphindiweyo lwezakhono zengqiqo. Ngoko ke, ukuqhelana neematriksi kunokuphucula indlela umntu aqhuba ngayo ngaphandle kobungqina bokuba uphuculo olufanayo luya kwenzeka kwimisebenzi angayaziyo okanye kuthetha ukwanda kwesakhono ngokubanzi. Scharfen et al., 2018
Imilinganiselo yesiqhelo yobudala nayo ibalulekile. I-IQ eqhelekileyo isekelwe kwi-100 kwiqela ngalinye lobudala; inani elifanayo lamanqaku akrwada alithethi ukuba amanqaku alungelelaniswe nobudala ayafana. Amanqaku akrwada omntwana okanye awomntu omdala akanakunikwa izinga lepesenti ngaphandle kwenkqubo efanelekileyo yokuthelekisa. Neisser et al., 1996 Pearson, 2020
Yintoni efunekayo ukuze umlinganiselo ube mhle?
Izikhokelo zamazwe ngamazwe zokusetyenziswa kovavanyo zifuna ubungqina obuxhasa intsingiselo ekujoliswe kuyo, ukuqhutywa okufanelekileyo nokuqondwa kwemida. Uphando lokuthembeka komlinganiselo lubonisa isizathu sokuba umsebenzi wengqiqo oqhelekileyo usenokuvelisa imilinganiselo yomntu ngamnye engachanekanga ncam. Itshathi entle ayithathi indawo yezi mpawu. International Test Commission, 2001 Hedge et al., 2017
Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi xa umsebenzi omfutshane usetyenziselwa ukuchaza umntu. Inani elincinane lemibuzo livavanya izinto ezimbalwa kuphela, kwaye amanqaku ewonke ewodwa awakwazi ukuchaza ukuba impazamo ibangelwe kukungayiqondi imithetho, kukungxama, kukuphazamiseka okanye yenye into. Uhlalutyo lwendlela yokusombulula luxhasa ukunikela ingqalelo kwiimfuno zokusombulula kunokuchaza umntu ngegama elinye. Carpenter et al., 1990
Yintoni enokwenziwa ngokuziqhelanisa ngokwenene?
Ukusombulula iingxaki zeepateni kunokwenza umntu aziqhelanise nolu hlobo lomsebenzi. Ubungqina bovavanyo oluphindwayo buxhasa ukuchaza olu phuculo njengotshintsho kwindlela elinganiswe ngayo inqanaba lokuqhuba, kuze amabango abanzi ashiyelwe kwizifundo zokudluliselwa kwezakhono. Akukho mthombo apha ubonisa ukuba umdlalo weHelibrain wenza umntu akrelekrele ngakumbi okanye uchonga ukuphazamiseka kwengqiqo. Scharfen et al., 2018 International Test Commission, 2001
Xa uzijongela inkqubela yakho, sebenzisa inguqulelo efanayo nemithetho yexesha efanayo, bhala phantsi ukuba ubukhe wawubona na umsebenzi ngaphambili, uze uchaze iziphumo njengamanqaku kwimibuzo evavanyiweyo. Oku kunika ulwazi olungakumbi kunokuthatha ipesenti ekrwada njengenqanaba lobukrelekrele elisebenza kuye wonke umntu. Raven, 2000 International Test Commission, 2001
Zama uvavanyo lwasimahla olunxulumene noku
Uvavanyo lokuqiqa ngeematriksi
Zama uvavanyo lokuqiqa ngeematriksi ukuze ubone indlela ofumana ngayo imithetho kwiipateni ezibonwayo. Funda imiyalelo yexesha neyokubala amanqaku. Amanqaku alo sisiphumo somsebenzi we-intanethi; ukufana kwawo neematriksi ezaziwayo akuwanikeli imilinganiselo yesiqhelo okanye ukuqinisekiswa kweklinikhi kwazo.
Imibuzo eqhelekileyo
Ngaba ukuqiqa ngeematriksi akunampembelelo yenkcubeko?
Ifomathi yemibuzo engasebenzisi magama ayiyisusi impembelelo yemeko. Imilinganiselo yesiqhelo yeematriksi epapashiweyo iyahluka ngokweendawo nangexesha. Raven, 2000
Ndingayiguqula na ipesenti yeempendulo ezichanekileyo ibe yi-IQ?
Kuphela indlela yokuguqula eqinisekisiweyo enemilinganiselo efanelekileyo yobudala enokuxhasa loo ntsingiselo. Indlela eqhelekileyo yokubala isikali se-IQ ayiyondlela enjalo yokuguqula. International Test Commission, 2001 Neisser et al., 1996
Ngaba ukuziqhelanisa kuyawachaphazela amanqaku eematriksi?
Uphuculo luyenzeka xa kuvavanywa izakhono zengqiqo kwakhona, ngoko ke ukuqhelana kwangaphambili kufuneka kuqwalaselwe xa kutolikwa iziphumo eziphindwayo. Scharfen et al., 2018
Imithombo
- Neisser et al. (1996). Intelligence: Knowns and unknowns..
- Pearson (2020). WISC-V Interpretive Report: About Scores.
- International Test Commission (2001). International Guidelines for Test Use.
- Raven (2000). The Raven's Progressive Matrices: Change and Stability over Culture and Time.
- Carpenter et al. (1990). What one intelligence test measures: A theoretical account of the processing in the Raven Progressive Matrices Test..
- Hampshire et al. (2012). Fractionating Human Intelligence.
- Scharfen et al. (2018). Retest effects in cognitive ability tests: A meta-analysis.
- Hedge et al. (2017). The reliability paradox: Why robust cognitive tasks do not produce reliable individual differences.