Ubungqina namanani abalulekileyo
| Uthelekiso kuhlalutyo lwezifundo ezininzi | Utshintsho oluqhelekileyo olusemgangathweni | Ithuba lokuzithemba lama-95% |
|---|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lokuqala ukuya kolwesibini | 0.327 | 0.278 ukuya ku-0.375 |
| Uvavanyo lokuqala ukuya kolwesithathu | 0.495 | 0.406 ukuya ku-0.585 |
| Uvavanyo lokuqala ukuya kolwesine | 0.516 | 0.401 ukuya ku-0.631 |
Ezi ziziphumo zeTheyibhile 2. Uthelekiso lokuqala lwalubandakanya izifundo eziyi-122 nabathathi-nxaxheba abayi-153,185; uthelekiso olwalandelayo lwalusebenzisa amaqela amancinci. Ezi ziphumo akufuneki zithathwe njengegophe lokufunda leqela elinye okanye ziqikelelwe ziqhubeke ngonaphakade. Isiphumo lutshintsho oluqhelekileyo olusemgangathweni oludityaniswe kwiimvavanyo zokuqonda ezahlukeneyo, asikokuqikelela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba ingxelo yakho elandelayo ye-IQ iza kuba njani. Scharfen et al., 2018
Yintoni enokuphucuka xa uphinda uvavanyo?
Ukuqhelana nemiyalelo, iintlobo zemibuzo, amaqhinga kunye nemeko yovavanyo kunokuchaphazela indlela owenza ngayo. Uphononongo lweziphumo zokuphinda uvavanyo luhlola izinto eziguqula iziphumo kuba ubungakanani bonyuko buxhomekeke kwindlela esetyenziswa ngayo nakwixesha eliphakathi kovavanyo. Isiphumo sesibini esingcono asibonisi ukuba yeyiphi inkqubo etshintshileyo, kwaye asiqinisekisi ukwanda kobukrelekrele ngokubanzi. Scharfen et al., 2018
Imibuzo yeematriksi ibonisa lo mba: ukuyisombulula kufuna ukufumanisa nokudibanisa imithetho. Ukwazi uhlobo oluthile lomsebenzi okanye ukukhumbula umbuzo kunokutshintsha oko kulinganiswa xa uvavanyo luphindwa. Uhlalutyo lwenkqubo olwenziwa nguCarpenter noogxa bakhe luphathelele kwezo mfuno zokuqiqa, kanti uphononongo lukaRaven lugxininisa ukubaluleka kwemilinganiselo yesiqhelo efanelekileyo. Carpenter et al., 1990 Raven, 2000
Ndingasusa amanqaku athile amiselweyo ngenxa yokuziqhelanisa?
Akukho lungiso lusebenzayo kumntu wonke olunokufunyanwa kwisiphumo esidityanisiweyo. Ukusebenzisa umndilili weqela kumntu omnye akuwuthatheli ngqalelo umahluko phakathi kweemvavanyo, amava angaphambili neemeko zokuphinda uvavanyo. Izikhokelo zokusetyenziswa kweemvavanyo zifuna ukuba iziphumo zitolikwe ngokufanele isixhobo esisetyenzisiweyo nendlela esisetyenziswe ngayo; ukususa inani elimiselweyo ngokungacwangciswanga akuqinisekisi ukuba uvavanyo lunyanisekile. International Test Commission, 2001
Yintoni eyichaphazelayo?
Kutheni kuyingozi ukuguqula isiphumo sibe ngamanqaku e-IQ
Ukuphinda-phinda isiphumo esisemgangathweni ngo-15 kunokubonakala kulula, kodwa olu hlalutyo ludibanisa iziphumo ezahlukeneyo zokuqonda kwaye lusebenzisa indlela yalo yokuzibeka emgangathweni. Isiqhelo se-IQ esiqhelekileyo somndilili we-100 nokuphambuka okumgangatho we-15 asithethi ukuba zonke iziphumo kuzo zonke izifundo zilingana notshintsho lwamanqaku e-IQ kumntu othile. Gcina umlinganiselo wesiphumo endaweni yokuqamba ukunyuka okuchanekileyo. Scharfen et al., 2018 Neisser et al., 1996
Ingxelo yamanqaku esekelwe kuvavanyo olusemthethweni ikwaquka ukungaqiniseki komlinganiselo. Umahluko phakathi kwamanqaku amabini achaziweyo ufanele utolikwe kusetyenziswa imigaqo yovavanyo, ixesha eliphakathi kwalo kunye nolwazi lwethuba lokuzithemba, hayi ngokuthelekisa amagama abhalwe kuwo kuphela. Pearson, 2020
Ngaba amanqaku azinzileyo ayayisombulula le ngxaki?
Ukuthembeka nokuphucuka ngenxa yokuziqhelanisa zizinto ezahlukeneyo. Umsebenzi unokuba notshintsho oluqhubekayo xa uphindwa ngoxa ugcina ulandelelwano lwamanqaku abantu, okanye ubonise umahluko ongazinzanga phakathi kwabantu nangona isiphumo sawo somndilili somelele. Uphando olubizwa ngokuba yingxaki yokuthembeka lusikhumbuza ukuba ezi mpawu zomlinganiselo kufuneka ziqinisekiswe ngokwahlukeneyo. Hedge et al., 2017
Uphando olubanzi lokuqonda lukwahlula amacandelo ahlukeneyo endlela umntu enza ngayo. Iseti eqhelekileyo yemibuzo yeematriksi ayivavanyi zonke iinkalo zokucinga, ngoko ukuphucuka kumsebenzi omnye akunakuqinisekisa utshintsho olulinganayo kwinkumbulo, kwisakhono sokusebenzisa ulwimi nasekuqiqeni. Hampshire et al., 2012
Yintoni enokulindeleka xa ulandela inkqubela?
Bhala phantsi uvavanyo owakha walwenza, uhlobo lovavanyo kunye nexesha eliphakathi kovavanyo. Kulo naluphi na uvavanyo olubalulekileyo, landela imigaqo yomntu oluqhuba ngokutsha uvavanyo. Kwimidlalo nje yokuzonwabisa, chaza ukuphucuka njengokuphucuka kuloo misebenzi, uze ugcine imisebenzi ephindiweyo okanye oyikhumbulayo yahlukile kuleyo ingaqhelekanga kuwe. Oku kugcina inzuzo yesakhono esiphucukileyo kungabaxwa koko ikungqinayo. International Test Commission, 2001 Scharfen et al., 2018
I-IQ isalinganiswa ngokweminyaka, ibe ngumndilili we-100 kumaqela eminyaka; ukuphinda uvavanyo akuyitshintshi loo ndlela yokubala. Umbuzo ngowokuba ingaba inqaku elitsha elithile libonisa ngokunyanisekileyo isakhono ekujoliswe kuso phantsi kweemeko oluqhutywe kuzo uvavanyo. Neisser et al., 1996 Pearson, 2020
Zama uvavanyo lwasimahla olunxulumene noku
Uvavanyo lwe-IQ
Zama imisebenzi efana novavanyo lwe-IQ ukuba unomdla wokuyihlola, uze ubhale phantsi iinzame zangaphambili xa uthelekisa iziphumo. Amava okuphinda uyibone imisebenzi ayinxalenye yendlela yokutolika iziphumo. Inqaku eliphezulu kumdlalo alibonisi ukuba ubukrelekrele bakho ngokubanzi bunyukile.
Imibuzo eqhelekileyo
Mangaphi amanqaku e-IQ endiza kuwazuza?
Utshintsho oluqhelekileyo oludityanisiweyo aluqinisekisi ukuba umntu uza kufumana amanqaku athile e-IQ. Iimvavanyo neemeko zokuphinda uvavanyo ziyahluka. Scharfen et al., 2018
Ngaba amanqaku aya kuqhubeka enyuka ngonaphakade?
Uqikelelo lovavanyo olwenziwa kamva lusekelwe kumaqela amancinci kwaye aluxhasi ukuqikelela ukunyuka okuza kuqhubeka ngonaphakade. Scharfen et al., 2018
Ngaba ukukhumbula iimpendulo kwenza uthelekiso lungabi luncedo?
Kutshintsha oko inqaku elilandelayo elinokukubonisa malunga nokusombulula izinto ongazange wazibona. Ukutolika iziphumo kufuneka kuthathele ingqalelo amava angaphambili nendlela ekujoliswe ukuba uvavanyo lusetyenziswe ngayo. International Test Commission, 2001
Imithombo
- Neisser et al. (1996). Ubukrelekrele: izinto ezaziwayo nezingaziwayo..
- Pearson (2020). Ingxelo yokutolika ye-WISC-V: Malunga namanqaku.
- International Test Commission (2001). Izikhokelo zamazwe ngamazwe zokusetyenziswa kweemvavanyo.
- Raven (2000). Iimatriksi eziqhubekayo zikaRaven: Utshintsho nozinzo ngokwenkcubeko nangexesha.
- Carpenter et al. (1990). Linganisa ntoni uvavanyo olunye lobukrelekrele: Ingcaciso yethiyori yendlela yokucubungula kuvavanyo lweematriksi eziqhubekayo zikaRaven..
- Hampshire et al. (2012). Ukwahlula amacandelo obukrelekrele bomntu.
- Scharfen et al. (2018). Iziphumo zokuphinda uvavanyo lwezakhono zokuqonda: Uhlalutyo lwezifundo ezininzi.
- Hedge et al. (2017). Ingxaki yokuthembeka: Kutheni imisebenzi yokuqonda ezinzileyo ingavelisi umahluko othembekileyo phakathi kwabantu.