Ubungqina namanani abalulekileyo
| Isiphumo somzekelo | Ixesha elidlulileyo | Isantya esisekelwe kubalo loonobumba |
|---|---|---|
| Oonobumba ababalwayo abali-150 | Imizuzwana engama-60 | 30 WPM |
| Oonobumba ababalwayo abangama-300 | Imizuzwana engama-60 | 60 WPM |
| Oonobumba ababalwayo abangama-300 | Imizuzwana engama-30 | 120 WPM |
Ezi zizibalo ezibonisa indlela yokubala, ayingomlinganiselo wendlela abathathi-nxaxheba abadla ngokusebenza ngayo. Ifomula ithi: oonobumba ababalwayo bahlulwe ngo-5, emva koko kwahlulwe ngemizuzu edlulileyo. Ukusebenzisa inani elimiselweyo loonobumba kwenza kube lula ukuthelekisa izicatshulwa ezinobude obahlukeneyo bamagama kunokubala ngokuthe ngqo amagama ahlukaniswe ngezithuba. Izifundo ezinkulu zekhompyutha nezefowuni zisebenzisa le ndlela. Dhakal et al., 2018 Palin et al., 2019
Isantya sokuchwetheza esingekalungiswa neziphumo ezichanekileyo zizinto ezahlukileyo
Abantu ababini banokuchwetheza inani elifanayo loonobumba kodwa bashiye izixa ezahlukileyo zombhalo oneempazamo. Uphando lweempazamo lwahlula iimpazamo ezisaseleyo kwezo zilungisiweyo, kunye nezitshixo ezongezelelweyo ezicinezelwayo xa kulungiswa. Ipesenti yokuchaneka eboniswayo ayisoloko ibala zonke iimpazamo ezenzeke ngexesha lokuchwetheza. Soukoreff et al., 2003 Soukoreff et al., 2001
Akukho fomula inye evunyelwene ngayo yonke indawo yokubala i-WPM eshiyekileyo emva kweempazamo. Uvavanyo lunokubala umbhalo okhutshelwe ngokuchanekileyo, luthabathe amanqaku ngenxa yeempazamo, okanye lubonise isantya kunye nomlinganiselo weempazamo owahlukileyo. Ngoko ke, ukuphinda-phinda i-WPM ekrwada yayo nayiphi na iwebhusayithi ngepesenti yokuchaneka akusoloko kuvelisa amanqaku ayo asemthethweni. Funda inkcazelo yamanqaku yaloo webhusayithi. Soukoreff et al., 2003 MacKenzie and Soukoreff, 2002
Liliphi ixesha elilinganisiweyo?
Ukulinganisa ixesha ukususela ekucinezeleni isitshixo sokuqala ukuya kwesokugqibela kwahlukile ekulinganiseni iseshoni emiselweyo ebandakanya ixesha lokuqala lokuzilungiselela. Umahluko omncinane wexesha ubaluleke ngakumbi xa isampulu imfutshane kakhulu. Uphononongo lweefowuni luchaza ngokucacileyo ixesha elilinganisiweyo, luze lubale umndilili wemilinganiselo yezivakalisi kumsebenzisi ngamnye, endaweni yokuthatha izitshixo ezimbalwa ezichwethezwe ngokukhawuleza njengesantya esizinzileyo. Palin et al., 2019
Umsebenzi wokukhuphela umbhalo ukunika amagama aza kubhalwa. Ukubhala i-imeyile kufuna ukukhetha nokulungelelanisa umxholo, kunye nokuwuchwetheza. Uphando lwakudala lokuchwetheza lwahlula izinto ezibonwayo, zengqondo nezentshukumo yomzimba; ngoko ke i-WPM yokukhuphela umbhalo akufanele ichazwe ngokutsha njengomlinganiselo womgangatho wokubhala okanye womsebenzi ogqityiweyo ngeyure. Salthouse, 1986
Yintoni eyichaphazelayo?
Kutheni iziphumo zahluka phakathi kovavanyo novavanyo
Ubunzima bombhalo, iziphumlisi, ulwimi, ulandelelwano loonobumba oluqhelekileyo nendlela yokufaka umbhalo zitshintsha oko kufuneka kwenziwe ngumthathi-nxaxheba. Uphononongo olwalusebenzisa iikhamera zokulandelela intshukumo lwafumanisa ukuba iindlela abantu abachwetheza ngazo mihla le zahluka kakhulu; nophononongo olukhulu lwekhompyutha lwaphonononga iipateni zokucinezela izitshixo, kunokuba lucinge ukuba wonke umntu usebenzisa indlela enye. Ukuthelekisa amanani amabini e-WPM ngaphandle kokujonga ezi meko kunokulahlekisa. Feit et al., 2016 Dhakal et al., 2018
Unxulumano phakathi kweminyaka okanye indlela yokusebenzisa ulwimi nedatha yefowuni lubonisa iimpawu zesampulu yabantu abazikhethele ukuthatha inxaxheba. Alubonisi imigangatho yobudala okanye yesini esebenza kwihlabathi liphela nakuzo zonke iikhibhodi. Ikhibhodi ebonakalayo nesikrini sokuchukumisa nazo ziindlela ezahlukileyo zokufaka umbhalo, ngoko iziphumo zazo mazilandelelwe ngokwahlukeneyo. Palin et al., 2019
Indlela yokusebenzisa olu balo kakuhle
Xa uthelekisa amanqaku akho, gcina uhlobo lwesicatshulwa, ubude bexesha, isixhobo nemigaqo yokulungisa iimpazamo zingatshintshi. Landelela iimpazamo okanye ukuchaneka kunye nesantya. Oku kuhambisana nogxininiso loncwadi lwemilinganiselo lokuchaza isantya nokuchaneka, kunokuba kuyilwe injongo enye yokuchaneka esebenza kuyo yonke indawo. Soukoreff et al., 2003 MacKenzie and Soukoreff, 2002
Uphando lokuziqhelanisa kwabantu abachwetheza mihla le ludibanisa ubuchule neentlobo zoqheliselo abathi bazenza, kodwa aluqinisekisi ukuba wonke umntu uza kuphucuka ngomlinganiselo othile. Isiphumo esikhawulezayo xa uphinda isicatshulwa sinokubangelwa kukusiqhela eso sicatshulwa. Ukuze uvavanye utshintsho olubanzi kwisakhono sokuchwetheza, sebenzisa umbhalo omtsha othelekisekayo nemigaqo efanayo yokubala amanqaku. Keith et al., 2007 Salthouse, 1986
Ukubala kulula xa iiyunithi zicacile. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi ukuba kubalwa abaphi oonobumba, ixesha liqala lize liphele nini, nendlela eziboniswa ngayo iimpazamo. Ngaphandle kwezi nkcukacha, amanani e-WPM afanayo akathethi ukuba ukusebenza kuyafana. Soukoreff et al., 2003 Palin et al., 2019
Zama uvavanyo lwasimahla olunxulumene noku
Uvavanyo lwesantya sokuchwetheza
Zama uvavanyo lwesantya sokuchwetheza, uze ujonge kunye ubude bexesha elibonisiweyo, indlela yokufaka umbhalo, isantya esingekalungiswa nokuchaneka. Thatha indlela yalo yokubala amanqaku njengenkcazelo esebenza kuloo seshoni. Gcina iziphumo zesikrini sokuchukumisa nezekhibhodi ebonakalayo zahlukene.
Imibuzo eqhelekileyo
Ngaba izithuba phakathi kwamagama ziyabalwa?
Indlela esetyenziswa kuphando ibala oonobumba, kuquka nezithuba ezikumbhalo olinganiswayo. Kusafuneka kucaciswe ukuba kubalwa luphi kanye kanye ulandelelwano loonobumba nokuba ixesha lilinganiswa njani. Dhakal et al., 2018
Ngaba i-WPM linani lamagama okwenene endiwachwethezileyo?
Ngokuqhelekileyo akunjalo. Kwindlela eqhelekileyo yokubala isantya sokuchwetheza, oonobumba aba-5 balingana negama elinye elisemgangathweni, kungakhathaliseki ubude bamagama akwisicatshulwa sokwenene. Palin et al., 2019
Kutheni i-WPM ekrwada iphezulu kunamanqaku okugqibela?
Isantya sokufaka umbhalo nesiphumo esikhutshelwe ngokuchanekileyo zinokwahluka. Indlela ezibalwa ngayo iimpazamo iyahluka phakathi kovavanyo; sebenzisa inkcazelo yolo vavanyo endaweni yokucinga ukuba kukho ifomula enye yokuthabatha amanqaku. Soukoreff et al., 2003
Imithombo
- Dhakal et al. (2018). Ukuqwalaselwa kokuchwetheza kwizitshixo ezicinezelwe izihlandlo ezizizigidi ezili-136.
- Palin et al. (2019). Abantu bachwetheza njani kwizixhobo eziphathwayo?.
- Feit et al. (2016). Indlela esichwetheza ngayo.
- Soukoreff et al. (2003). Imilinganiselo yophando lokufaka umbhalo.
- Soukoreff et al. (2001). Ukulinganisa iimpazamo kwimisebenzi yokufaka umbhalo.
- MacKenzie and Soukoreff (2002). Ukufaka umbhalo kwikhompyutha ephathwayo: imifuziselo neendlela, ithiyori nendlela yokusebenza.
- Salthouse (1986). Imiba yokuqonda, yengqondo neyentshukumo yomzimba ekuchwethezeni umbhalo okhutshelwayo..
- Keith et al. (2007). Inkcazelo yoqheliselo olunenjongo ngobuchule bokuchwetheza babantu abachwetheza mihla le..