Ubungqina namanani abalulekileyo
| Isiphumo | Uqikelelo oludityanisiweyo lwesiphumo esisemgangathweni | Isithuba sokuzithemba esingu-95% |
|---|---|---|
| Amandla | 0.36 | 0.16 to 0.55 |
| Ukuncipha kokudinwa | 0.35 | 0.19 to 0.50 |
| Ukusebenza | 0.16 | −0.04 to 0.37 |
La manani aqikelelweyo akwiTheyibhile 3 yohlalutyo lweesampuli ezizimeleyo ezingama-22 ezivela kwiimpapasho ezili-19. Ziziphumo ezisemgangathweni, azithethi ukuba amandla anyuke nge-36% okanye imveliso inyuke nge-16%. Iziphumo ezahlukeneyo zibalwe kusetyenziswa amaqela ahlukeneyo ezifundo, yaye iziphumo zokusebenza zazingafani phakathi kwezifundo. Inani elinye elidityanisiweyo alichazi wonke umsebenzi. Albulescu et al., 2022
Yintoni eyayibalwa njengekhefu elifutshane?
Uhlalutyo lujolise kwiikhefu ezincinane ezifikelela kwimizuzu elishumi. Umsebenzi owenziwa ngexesha lekhefu, umsebenzi owawenziwa ngaphambi kwalo neemeko zokuthelekisa zazahlukahlukene. Oku akubobungqina bokuba imizuzu elishumi lelona xesha lilungileyo, okanye lokuba indlela ethile ecwangcisiweyo yokutshintshatshintsha umsebenzi nokuphumla ingqineke iyeyona ilungileyo kumntu wonke. Uhlalutyo lwezinto ezinokutshintsha iziphumo kolu phononongo lulinganiselwe kunokuba kufuneka ukuze kubalwe ishedyuli elungiselelwe umntu ngamnye. Albulescu et al., 2022
UAriga noLleras bafumanisa ukuba utshintsho olufutshane nolungaqhelekanga kwinjongo yomsebenzi waselabhoratri lunokuthintela ukuhla kokuhlala uphaphile kuvavanyo lwabo. Obu bubungqina malunga nendlela ethile eyasetyenziswa kuvavanyo, abungobungqina bokuba ukujonga imiyalezo ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuyafana nekhefu lokuphumla. Ariga et al., 2011
Ukunikela ingqalelo akusosixhobo esinexesha elimiselweyo
Uphando lokunikela ingqalelo ixesha elide luphonononga utshintsho olwenzeka umzuzu nomzuzu nokuguquguquka okunxulumene nomsebenzi. Umntu usenokungazinzi ngakumbi ekusebenzeni okanye enze iimpazamo ezininzi ngaphandle kokuba kukho ixesha elinye elisebenza kumntu wonke apho ingqalelo icima khona. Isiphumo esifanelekileyo sinokuba ziimpazamo, amaxesha okusilela ukuphendula okanye ukuzinza kweempendulo, kunokuba ibe lixesha nje umntu ahleli ngalo. Esterman et al., 2013
Yintoni eyichaphazelayo?
Ukuphumla neendleko zokutshintsha imisebenzi zinokwenzeka zombini
Ukutshintsha umsebenzi kunokushiya ingqalelo isabambelele kumsebenzi wangaphambili, yaye iziphazamiso ezingalindelekanga zinokubangela uxinzelelo nokuba abantu bazama ukulunciphisa ngokusebenza ngesantya esiphezulu. Ezi ziphumo azizirhoxisi iinzuzo zeekhefu ezincinane; zibonisa ukuba into eyenziwayo ngexesha lokuphumla neemeko ezikuyo zibalulekile. Umsebenzi wesibini onzima awufani ngokuzenzekelayo nokuphumla. Leroy, 2009 Mark et al., 2008
Ngaba ikhefu lingathatha indawo yokungalali ngokwaneleyo?
Uphando lokunqatshelwa bubuthongo lubonisa ukuphazamiseka kokunikela ingqalelo emva kokungalali, yaye ukungalali ngokwaneleyo ixesha elide kubangela ukusilela okuqokelelanayo. Uphononongo oludibanisa iziphumo zeekhefu ezincinane alubonisi ukuba ukuphumla okufutshane kubuyisela ezo ziphumo kwinqanaba lomntu ophumle ngokwaneleyo. Zithathe iikhefu nokulala ngokwaneleyo njengemibuzo eyahlukileyo; musa ukucinga ukuba enye ithatha indawo yenye. Lim et al., 2010 Van Dongen et al., 2003
Yintoni enokuzanywa ngokwenene?
Ukucwangcisa ikhefu kunokuba yindlela efanelekileyo yokulawula ukudinwa, kodwa ubungqina abuchazi ixesha elinye elilungele yonke iminyaka, izini nemisebenzi. Thelekisa indlela oziva ngayo nendlela osebenza ngayo kumsebenzi obalulekileyo kuwe. Inzuzo encinane oziva ngayo isahlukile kwinzuzo yokusebenza eboniswe bubungqina. Albulescu et al., 2022
Ukuba ulandela iziphumo zomdlalo wokunikela ingqalelo ngaphambi nasemva kwekhefu, sebenzisa umsebenzi nezixhobo ezifanayo kwaye ulindele ukuguquguquka okuqhelekileyo. Amanqaku umahluko omntu awafumana kuvavanyo olufutshane asenokuguquguquka kakhulu, nokuba isiphumo sovavanyo olucwangcisiweyo siqinile. Ukuphucuka kumzamo wesibini kuphela akukwazi ukwahlula isiphumo sekhefu kweso sokuziqhelanisa okanye sokuguquguquka okuqhelekileyo. Hedge et al., 2017 Esterman et al., 2013
Isiphelo esinyanisekileyo sesokuba iinzuzo ezincinane zokuchacha zixhaswa bubungqina xa kujongwa abantu ngokubanzi, kodwa isithembiso sokuba ikhefu ngalinye liya kuphucula ukunikela ingqalelo okanye imveliso sibanzi kakhulu. Ubungqina buxhasa ukuzama ngononophelo indlela efanelekileyo, hayi ukunika wonke umntu ishedyuli efanayo yokusebenza nokuphumla. Albulescu et al., 2022
Zama uvavanyo lwasimahla olunxulumene noku
Uvavanyo lwexesha lokunikela ingqalelo
Zama uvavanyo lwexesha lokunikela ingqalelo njengomsebenzi omfutshane wokulinganisa ukusebenza. Ukuba uthelekisa ngokungacwangciswanga iiseshoni ezenziwa ngamaxesha eekhefu oqhele ukuwathatha, jonga iimpazamo nokuzinza kweempendulo kwakunye nesantya. Umdlalo awunakumisela ishedyuli yekhefu ekulungeleyo.
Imibuzo eqhelekileyo
Ngaba u-d = 0.36 uthetha ukuphucuka nge-36%?
Hayi. Ngumahluko ophakathi omiselwe ngomlinganiselo osemgangathweni, asilotshintsho lwepesenti kumandla okanye kwimveliso yomsebenzi. Albulescu et al., 2022
Ngaba likhona ixesha lekhefu elingqineke lilungile?
Olu phononongo ludibanisa iziphumo aluchazi ixesha elinye elilungele wonke umntu. Imisebenzi eyenziwa ngexesha lekhefu, imisebenzi ngokwayo namaqela abantu ayafani. Albulescu et al., 2022
Ngaba ikhefu lingathatha indawo yokulala kamnandi ebusuku?
Ubungqina beekhefu obucatshuliweyo abubonisi oko. Izifundo zokungalali zimalunga nokusilela ekungacingelwa ukuba kuyaphela emva kwekhefu elifutshane. Lim et al., 2010 Van Dongen et al., 2003
Imithombo
- Albulescu et al. (2022). "Ndinike ikhefu!" Uphononongo olucwangcisiweyo nohlalutyo lwezifundo ezininzi ngokusebenza kweekhefu ezincinane ekuphuculeni impilo-ntle nokusebenza.
- Ariga et al. (2011). "Amakhefu" engqondo amafutshane nanqabileyo akunceda uhlale ugxile: Ukuvala nokuvuselela iinjongo zomsebenzi kuthintela ukwehla kokuhlala uphaphile.
- Esterman et al. (2013). Ukugxila ngokupheleleyo okanye ukuphazamiseka? Ukulandela ukuguquguquka kokuziphatha nokusebenza kwemithambo-luvo ngexesha lokunikela ingqalelo ixesha elide.
- Leroy (2009). Kutheni kunzima kangaka ukwenza umsebenzi wam? Umngeni wokushiyeka kwengqalelo xa utshintsha phakathi kwemisebenzi.
- Mark et al. (2008). Iindleko zokuphazamiseka emsebenzini: isantya esiphezulu noxinzelelo olungakumbi.
- Lim et al. (2010). Uhlalutyo lwezifundo ezininzi ngefuthe lokungalali ixesha elifutshane kwizinto ezinxulumene nokuqonda..
- Van Dongen et al. (2003). Iindleko eziqokelelanayo zokuhlala uvukile ixesha elongezelelekileyo: Iziphumo ezixhomekeke kwidosi kwimisebenzi yokuziphatha kwengqondo nakwindlela yokulala ngenxa yokuncitshiswa kokulala ixesha elide nokungalali kwaphela.
- Hedge et al. (2017). Indida yokuthembeka: Kutheni imisebenzi yokuqonda ethembekileyo ingavelisi umahluko othembekileyo phakathi kwabantu.