Ubungqina namanani abalulekileyo
| Ubungqina okanye amanqaku | Oko akuthethayo | Oko kungathethwayo |
|---|---|---|
| Isiphumo somahluko xa sisonke esingu-0.24 | Umahluko odityanisiweyo phakathi kwamaqela kuhlolo olunye | Umda wokuxilonga |
| Isiphumo seqela elilinganisa ixesha lento nganye esingu-1.11 | Enye indlela yokubonisa iziphumo ivelisa uqikelelo olwahlukileyo | Amathuba okuba wena une-ADHD |
| Amanqaku akho okuphazamiseka kuvavanyo olukwi-intanethi | Indlela oqhube ngayo kulo msebenzi nangokwemigaqo yokubala amanqaku | Uxilongo lwezonyango |
Amaxabiso obungakanani besiphumo avela kuhlolo lukaLansbergen noogxa bakhe. Eyona ngongoma yalo malunga nendlela yokwenza uphando kukuba iifomula eziqhelekileyo zokubala ukuphazamiseka zichatshazelwa luhlobo lwesiphumo esilinganisiweyo nangendlela yokulungisa amanqaku asisiseko. Ukuthelekisa amaqela akubi sisixhobo sokuxilonga ngenxa nje yokuba kubonakale umahluko obalulekileyo ngokweenkcukacha-manani. Lansbergen et al., 2007
Uhlolo lokuxilonga ebantwaneni lwafumanisa ntoni?
Uhlolo lukaHomack noRiccio luvavanya ubuntununtunu nokuchaneka ekuhleleni abantwana nolutsha. Lufikelela kwisigqibo sokuba uvavanyo lwe-Stroop aluncedi kangako ekwahluleni i-ADHD kwezinye iimeko zempilo yengqondo. Oku kubalulekile ekuxilongeni: umntu unokwenza umsebenzi ngendlela eyahlukileyo kumndilili wabantu abasempilweni, kodwa oko akubonisi ukuba yeyiphi imeko echaza iziphumo zakhe. Homack, 2004
Uhlobo lwabantu abavavanywayo nalo lubalulekile. Uvavanyo lwabantwana olusebenzisa iphepha nepensile, umsebenzi wabantu abadala owenziwa ngomlomo, nomdlalo okwi-intanethi ophendulwa ngokucofa amaqhosha azinawo amaseti emilinganiselo okanye imida efanayo. Uhlolo lwezonyango lwe-Stroop lubonisa umahluko omkhulu kwiinguqulelo zovavanyo nakwindlela yokubala amanqaku. Scarpina et al., 2017
Kutheni lo msebenzi ungachongi i-ADHD ngokukodwa?
Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Stroop yinto yovavanyo eyenzeka nakubantu abaqhelekileyo abafundayo. Iimvavanyo zokuqala kunye nohlolo olwalandelayo zichaza indlela ulwazi olungqubanayo lwamagama nemibala olutshintsha ngayo iimpendulo ngaphandle kokufuna ukuba umntu abe noxilongo. Ngoko ke, ukufumana ukuphazamiseka akubobungqina besifo ngokwakho. Stroop, 1935 MacLeod, 1991
Yintoni eyichaphazelayo?
Kutheni amanqaku abonakala eqhelekile engayikhuphi i-ADHD
Iziphumo zomndilili wamaqela ziyadibana, kwaye umbuzo wokuxilonga umalunga nembali ebanzi yomntu nendlela asebenza ngayo, kungekhona nje isiphumo somsebenzi omnye. Ukungakwazi kakuhle ukwahlula amaqela kuhlalutyo lwabantwana, kunye nokuxhomekeka kwamanqaku kwindlela yokulinganisa kolunye uhlolo, kubonisa ukuba amanqaku awodwa akufanele asetyenziswe njengempendulo. Isiphumo asiqinisekisi i-ADHD ngokwaso, kwaye asiyikhuphi nayo. Homack, 2004 Lansbergen et al., 2007
Ukuthembeka komlinganiselo nako kungumda. Iziphumo zovavanyo ezinokuphindaphindwa kakuhle zinokuhamba namanqaku omahluko angathembekanga kangako kumntu ngamnye. Uphando ngendida yokuthembeka lubalulekile nanini na kusetyenziswa umsebenzi omfutshane wokuqonda ukwenza ibango elibalulekileyo ngomntu othile. Hedge et al., 2017
Ukulinganisa kwi-intanethi kongeza ukungaqiniseki
Izixhobo nexesha lesikhangeli zichaphazela amaxesha okuphendula apheleleyo, ngoxa imiyalelo yomsebenzi namanqaku asisiseko zichaphazela amanqaku omahluko. Umdlalo wabathengi awufumani ngokuzenzekelayo ukuqinisekiswa kovavanyo lwezonyango olunegama elaziwayo kuba nje zombini zisebenzisa amagama emibala angqubanayo. Anwyl-Irvine et al., 2020 Scarpina et al., 2017
Izikhokelo zamazwe ngamazwe zokusetyenziswa kovavanyo zigxininisa ukuba kufuneka kubekho ubungqina obuxhasa indlela ekujongwe ukuba iziphumo zitolikwe ngayo, kwakunye nomxholo ofanelekileyo wokusetyenziswa. Ibango elinentsingiselo yezonyango lifuna ukuqinisekiswa koloo setyenziso nakolo hlobo lwabantu, kungekhona nje igrafu enomtsalane okanye igama lomsebenzi eliqhelekileyo. International Test Commission, 2001
Yintoni ukusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo kolu vavanyo?
Lusebenzise ukuhlola ukuphazamiseka nokuthelekisa isantya nokuchaneka komsebenzi ofanayo phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo. Ukuba uxhalatyiswa yingqalelo yakho kubomi bemihla ngemihla, amanqaku omdlalo akufanele agqibe enoba olo xhalaba lufuna ukuhlolwa yingcali na. Eli phepha licacisa imida yokulinganisa; aliniki mgaqo wokuzixilonga okanye iingcebiso zonyango. Homack, 2004 International Test Commission, 2001
Akukho phepha lophando likhankanyiweyo elibonisa ukuba ukuziqhelanisa nalo mdlalo wesikhangeli kuyayinyanga i-ADHD, kuyayithintela okanye kwenza abantu babe krelekrele ngokubanzi. Utoliko oluxhaswa bubungqina lusekuko ukusebenza komntu kumsebenzi othile onolwazi olungqubanayo. MacLeod, 1991 Scarpina et al., 2017
Zama uvavanyo lwasimahla olunxulumene noku
Uvavanyo lwe-Stroop
Zama uvavanyo lwe-Stroop njengomsebenzi wokufunda, utolike isantya nokuchaneka kunye. Isiphumo salo asikokuhlolwa kwe-ADHD, asikoxilongo, kwaye asithathi ndawo yovavanyo lwezonyango.
Imibuzo eqhelekileyo
Ngaba umahluko omkhulu kumanqaku e-Stroop uthetha ukuba ndine-ADHD?
Hayi. Isiphumo seqela kunye namathuba okuxilonga umntu ngamnye zizinto ezahlukeneyo, kwaye olu vavanyo alukwazi ukwahlula kakuhle phakathi kwamaqela onyango. Homack, 2004
Ngaba amanqaku amahle angayikhupha i-ADHD?
Hayi. Olu hlolo alubonisi ukuba olo setyenziso luqinisekisiwe, ngakumbi kwinguqulelo yesikhangeli eneenkqubo ezahlukileyo. Homack, 2004 Scarpina et al., 2017
Ngaba ukuziqhelanisa novavanyo lwe-Stroop kuya kunyanga iingxaki zengqalelo?
Izifundo ezikhankanyiweyo zokuxilonga nokulinganisa azibonisi ukuba lo mdlalo unenzuzo yonyango. Lansbergen et al., 2007 Scarpina et al., 2017
Imithombo
- Lansbergen et al. (2007). Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Stroop kunye nokunqongophala kwengqalelo/ukusebenza ngokugqithiseleyo: Uhlolo nohlalutyo oludibanisa iziphumo zezifundo ezininzi..
- Homack (2004). Uhlalutyo oludibanisa iziphumo zezifundo ezininzi ngobuntununtunu nokuchaneka ekuhleleni kusetyenziswa uvavanyo lwe-Stroop lwamagama nemibala ebantwaneni.
- Scarpina et al. (2017). Uvavanyo lwe-Stroop lwamagama nemibala.
- Stroop (1935). Uphononongo lokuphazamiseka kwiimpendulo zomlomo ezilandelelanayo..
- MacLeod (1991). Isiqingatha senkulungwane yophando ngesiphumo se-Stroop: Uhlolo oludibanisayo..
- Hedge et al. (2017). Indida yokuthembeka: Kutheni imisebenzi yokuqonda evelisa iziphumo ezomeleleyo ingavelisi umahluko othembekileyo phakathi kwabantu.
- Anwyl-Irvine et al. (2020). Ukuchaneka nokuthembeka kwamaqonga ovavanyo akwi-intanethi, izikhangeli zewebhu nezixhobo.
- International Test Commission (2001). Izikhokelo zamazwe ngamazwe zokusetyenziswa kovavanyo.