Humbowo nenhamba zvinokosha
| Basa rakabudiswa | Nhamba yevatori vechikamu | Avhareji yenguva yakayerwa |
|---|---|---|
| Kupindura kuri nyore pane chinoonekwa, Woods Chidzidzo 1 | Vakuru 1,469, vane makore 18–65 | 231 ms |
| Kupindura pakusarudza pane chinoonekwa, Woods Chidzidzo 1 | Vakuru 1,466, vane makore 18–65 | 550 ms |
| Basa rekusarudza, boka remakore 18–24 | Vatori vechikamu 86 | 472 ms |
| Basa rekusarudza, boka remakore 59–65 | Vatori vechikamu 246 | 590 ms |
Nhamba dzebasa riri nyore dziri muchidimbu cheboka raro; mapoka emakore nebva reavhareji rebasa rekusarudza zviri muTafura 2. Zvidzidzo izvi zvakaitwa munzvimbo imwe chete yekutsvakurudza, asi zvakashandisa zvinhu zvinokurudzira zvakasiyana uye mabasa akasiyana. Kubvisa avhareji dzadzo dzose kuverenga kunongotsanangura musiyano, hakuyeri zvakananga chikamu chimwe chete chekufunga. Woods et al., 2015 Woods et al., 2015
Chii chinoshanduka kana sarudzo yawedzerwa?
Pabasa riri nyore, munhu anogona kugadzirira kufamba kumwe chete asati apiwa chiratidzo chega chega. Basa resarudzo rinoda kuziva chaonekwa uye kuchibatanidza nechiito. Ongororo dzekare dzaHick naHyman dzinobatanidza nguva yekupindura neruzivo rwuri mune dzimwe nzira dzokusarudza, kusanganisira nhamba yadzo nemikana yezviratidzo zvakasiyana. Hick, 1952 Hyman, 1953
Ndosaka munhu achigona kupindura nokukurumidza kuchiedza asi achida nguva yakawanda kuti asarudze danho rakarurama mumutambo. Hapana kupesana apa: mabasa acho anobvunza zvinhu zvakasiyana. Basa resarudzo remulabhoritari rinodzorawo nzira dzokusarudza dziripo, asi mutambo chaiwo kana mamiriro ekutyaira haagoni kuderedzwa kuita nhamba imwe chete inoshanda nguva dzose. Woods et al., 2015
Zera nebonde zvinofanira kunzwisiswa sei?
Nhamba dzemapoka emakore dziri pamusoro dzakabva paboka revanhu rakaongororwa panguva imwe chete, kwete pakutevera vanhu vamwe chete kwemakumi emakore. Dzinoratidza mamiriro ebasa iri asi hadzigoni kufanotaura kuti zvibodzwa zvemunhu zvichachinja zvakadini gore negore. Uyezve, hadzisimbisi zvikamu zvemaperesenti zvebrowser zvinoenderana nezera kana kugadziridzwa kwakatarwa kwepabonde. Izvozvo zvingada maitiro akafanana uye zviyero zvakakodzera. Woods et al., 2015 Woods et al., 2015
Chii chinochikanganisa?
Kuverenga zvibodzwa kunosanganisira zvikanganiso pamwe nekumhanya
Kufembera nokukurumidza kunogona kuderedza nguva yekupindura asi kuchiwedzera zvikanganiso. Saka basa resarudzo rinofanira kutsanangura chinonzi mhinduro yakarurama, kusapindura kana kupindura nguva isati yakwana. Avhareji yenguva inobva pamhinduro dzakarurama haigoni kunzwisiswa pasina kufunga kana kururama kwachinja. Chidzidzo chaWoods chebasa resarudzo chinoshuma migumisiro yakati wandei pane kutora nguva yekupindura seyo inotsanangura kuita kwese. Woods et al., 2015
Mhinduro dzinononoka kana kukurumidza zvisingaite, pamwe nemabatirwo anoitwa miedzo yakapotswa, zvinogonawo kuchinja pfupiso yezvibodzwa. Nzira inoshandiswa pakubata mhinduro dzakanyanyisa chikamu chetsanangudzo yezvibodzwa; mawebhusaiti maviri ane mitemo yakasiyana anogona kupa nhamba dzakasiyana pamaitiro akafanana. Ratcliff, 1993
Nei zvabuda paindaneti zvichisiyana netafura
Masikirini, midziyo yekuisa mhinduro nemasisitimu ebrowser zvinowedzera kunonoka kwazvo uye kusiyana kwenguva. Kuenzanisa kwekuedza kunoratidza kuti kunyora nguva nemazvo nesoftware hakubvisi kusiyana ikoko. Kuenzanisa basa resarudzo parunhare nebasa riri nyore rinoshandisa mbeva kunosanganisa kusarudza mhinduro nekusiyana kwemidziyo nemafambiro. Anwyl-Irvine et al., 2020 Bridges et al., 2020
Kuti muenzaniso usiri wepamutemo ubatsire, shandisa mudziyo mumwe chete uye verenga mirayiridzo yemabasa ose ari maviri. Tarisira musiyano unoenderana nebasa, pane kutora imwe yenhamba idzi sechiyero chemhanyiro yose. Tsvakurudzo yekuvimbika inoyambirawo kuti musiyano mukuru weavhareji pakati pemabasa haurevi kuti musiyano wemunhu mumwe chete unogara wakafanana. Hedge et al., 2017
Kudzidzira kunogona kuita kuti kubatanidza chiratidzo nemhinduro kuve nyore. Iko kungava kudzidza basa racho chaiko, asi hakuratidzi kuti kugona kuita sarudzo kwavandudzika pazvinhu zvose. Mhedzisiro inobatsira nesainzi kuvandudzika pakuita muitiro wakatsanangurwa zvakajeka, zvikanganiso nemamiriro awo zvichiverengerwa. Woods et al., 2015 Hick, 1952
Edza muedzo wemahara une chekuita nazvo
Muedzo wenguva yekupindura
Tanga neMuedzo wenguva yekupindura kuti uone basa rekupindura riri nyore. Kana ukaedzawo muedzo une sarudzo wakaita seMuedzo weStroop, enzanisa mirayiridzo nezvinodiwa pakururama usati waenzanisa nguva. Musiyano wacho hausi chiyero chakasimbiswa chenjere dzako kana kugona kwako kuita sarudzo.
Mibvunzo yakajairika
Nderipi basa riri pedyo nekutamba mitambo yemavhidhiyo?
Mitambo yemavhidhiyo inowanzoda kusarudza, kufanotaura uye kufamba. Basa resarudzo rinodzorwa rinoyera chimwe chikamu cheizvi, asi hapana pabasa racho panoyera kuita kwese mumitambo yemavhidhiyo. Woods et al., 2015
Kana sarudzo dziripo dzikapetwa kaviri, nguva yekupindura inopetwawo here?
Zvakawanikwa muzvidzidzo zvekare zvine chekuita neruzivo rwuri munzira dzokusarudza, kwete mutemo wepasi rose wekuti nguva inopetwa kaviri. Kubatanidza chiratidzo nemhinduro, mikana uye magadzirirwo ebasa zvine basa. Hick, 1952 Hyman, 1953
Ndingabvisa zvibodzwa zvangu kuti ndiyere nguva yekufunga here?
Kubvisa kwacho kunosanganisa kusiyana kwemabasa nekuyera kunze kwekunge gadziriro yechidzidzo yazvidzora. Hakungoratidzi zvega nguva chaiyo yechikamu chimwe chekufunga. Woods et al., 2015 Anwyl-Irvine et al., 2020
Manyuko
- Woods et al. (2015). Zvinokanganisa nguva yekupindura kuri nyore.
- Woods et al. (2015). Kunonoka kunoenderana nezera pakusarudza nekuita mhinduro mubasa rekupindura pakusarudza zvinoonekwa.
- Hick (1952). Pamusoro pehuwandu hwekuwana ruzivo.
- Hyman (1953). Ruzivo rwechiratidzo sechinhu chinotaridza nguva yekupindura.
- Ratcliff (1993). Nzira dzekubata nadzo nguva dzekupindura dzakanyanyisa.
- Anwyl-Irvine et al. (2020). Kururama nekuyerwa kwenguva mumapuratifomu ekuedza epamhepo, mabhurawuza nemidziyo.
- Bridges et al. (2020). Chidzidzo chikuru chenguva: kuenzanisa mhando dzakasiyana dzemapurogiramu ekuedza, emulabhoritari nepamhepo.
- Hedge et al. (2017). Gakava rekuvimbika: Nei mabasa ekuziva akasimba asingaburitsi misiyano yakavimbika pakati pevanhu.