Humbowo nenhamba zvinokosha
| Zvakawanikwa muongororo yekudzidzisa unyanzvi hwekuziva nzvimbo nezvimiro | Zvinorehwa nazvo |
|---|---|
| Zvidzidzo 217 zvakaongororwa | Unganidzo yakakura yezvirongwa zvakasiyana zvekudzidzisa unyanzvi hwekuziva nzvimbo nezvimiro |
| Ongororo yakachengeta zvidzidzo 206, ine zviyero zvemhedzisiro 1,038 | Ongororo yakashandiswa kuverenga fungidziro mushure mekubvisa zvabuda zvisina kujairika |
| Avhareji g = 0.47 mushure mekubvisa zvabuda zvisina kujairika | Mhedzisiro iri pakati nepakati kana ichienzaniswa pachikero chakafanana |
| Kuendeswa kweunyanzvi kune mamwe mabasa enzvimbo nezvimiro | Humwe hunyanzvi hunogona kushandisika mune mamwe mabasa ari mundima imwe chete |
| Mabasa nemamiriro ekuenzanisa zvakasiyana | Hapana nguva kana mwero wekubudirira wokudzidzira unokodzera munhu wose |
Ongororo iyi inotarisa kuti mhedzisiro inogara kwenguva yakareba sei, zvinhu zvinoichinja, uye kuendeswa kweunyanzvi kune mamwe mabasa. Yakakura kupfuura ongororo inongotarisa kudzidzisa kutenderedza zvinhu mupfungwa. Zvakawanikwa zvinotsigira pfungwa yokuti unyanzvi hwekuziva nzvimbo nezvimiro hunogona kuvandudzwa, asi hazviratidzi kuti mutambo wose mupfupi wepaindaneti unobereka avhareji yemhedzisiro yezvirongwa zvakaongororwa kana kuti unochinja ungwaru hwose. Uttal et al., 2013
Chii chaizvo chinogona kuvandudzika?
Ongororo yakakurumbira yekutenderedza zvinhu mupfungwa inoyera kuenzanisa zvinhu zvakatarisa kumativi akasiyana. Mimwe miedzo inosanganisira zvinhu zvakawanda, zvinhu zvinovhiringidza zvakasiyana, kana nguva shoma. Mhedzisiro inogona kuratidza kudzidza mitemo nemazano ebasa racho, pamwe nokuchinja pakukurumidza kurigadzirisa. Zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti chii chiri kuyerwa: kururama, kumhanya, uye mhando yezvinhu zvashandiswa. Shepard et al., 1971 Vandenberg et al., 1978
Ongororo dzemiedzo inodzokororwa dzinoratidza kuti vanhu vanogona kuita zviri nani pavanodzokorora miedzo yekufunga. Saka kuedza kechipiri chete hakusi kuyedza kwakarongeka kwekudzidzira. Ongororo yakanaka inofanira kusiyanisa kujairira kuita basa racho nemhedzisiro yokuwedzera inokonzerwa nechirongwa chekudzidzira. Scharfen et al., 2018
Kudzidzira kunobatsira munhu wose zvakafanana here?
Ongororo yakabatanidza zvidzidzo haisi kuratidza kuti vanhu vose vanovandudzika zvakaenzana. Inotarisa kusiyana kwezvirongwa nevatori vechikamu, kusanganisira zera nebonde, asi mhedzisiro yakabatanidzwa haigoni kufanotaura kuvandudzika kwemunhu mumwe. Saizvozvowo, ongororo dzekare dzekusiyana kwevarume nevakadzi dzinotsanangura avhareji inoenderana nebasa, kwete muganhu wakatarwa womunhu mumwe nomumwe. Uttal et al., 2013 Voyer et al., 1995 Linn et al., 1985
Chii chinochikanganisa?
Kudzidzira kunovandudza unyanzvi kunze kwemutambo here?
Kuendeswa kweunyanzvi kumabasa enzvimbo nezvimiro asina kudzidziswa chiyero chinopa ruzivo rwakawanda kupfuura kuvandudzika pazvinhu zvinodzokororwa chete, uye ongororo iyi inoshuma kuendeswa kwakadaro. Asi izvi hazvina kufanana nokuvandudzika pabasa rose repanzvimbo nezvimiro muupenyu chaihwo kana nokuwedzera kweungwaru hwose. Kufanana kuri pakati pezvakadzidziswa nezvinoedzwa kunokosha pakusarudza zvinogona kutaurwa. Uttal et al., 2013
Ungadzivisa sei kufunga kuti kuchinja zano kureva kuti kugona kutsva kwavapo?
Nyora kuti wakashandisa shanduro ipi yebasa, nguva yakapiwa, uye kuti wakamboedza kangani. Kana watanga kushandisa imwe nzira yokuenzanisa nayo, izvozvo zvinogona kuva kudzidza kunobatsira, asi zvitsanangure sechimwe chezvinhu zvakachinja. Mhedzisiro pane seti imwe yezvimiro haingosimbisi yoga chiyero chakazara chokugona kuziva nzvimbo nezvimiro. Shepard et al., 1971 Vandenberg et al., 1978
Kusavimbika kwezviyero kunokoshawo. Ongororo yeparadox yekuvimbika inoratidza kuti miedzo yakakurumbira inogona kupa mhedzisiro yakafanana pamapoka, asi misiyano pakati pevanhu ichichinja-chinja. Kuchinja kuduku pakati pezvikamu zvipfupi zvemiedzo hakufaniri kutorwa sechiratidzo chokuti munhu achinja zvachose. Hedge et al., 2017
Chinangwa chipi chokudzidzira chine musoro?
Edza kugadzirisa zvinhu zvitsva zvisina kujairika asi zvakafanana nomazvo uye nokukurumidza, uye chengeta zviyero zvose zviri zviviri zvichionekwa. Ongororo yataurwa haitauri nguva yakatarwa yokudzidzira pazuva, nhamba yezvikamu, kana zvibodzwa zvinofanira kuwanikwa pabasa iri repabrowser. Inotsigira mukana wokudzidza, kwete fungidziro yemunhu mumwe nomumwe. Uttal et al., 2013 Scharfen et al., 2018
Usadudzire kuomerwa kwokutanga uchishandisa fungidziro dzine chekuita nebonde. Ongororo dzemapoka neongororo yakakura yekufanana hazviratidzi zvinogona kuitwa nomunhu mumwe. Zvaunokwanisa kuita iye zvino uye kugona kwako kudzidza zvinhu zvitsva mibvunzo miviri yakasiyana. Voyer et al., 1995 Hyde, 2005
Saka mashoko echokwadi pamusoro pezvinobatsira ndeaya: pane humbowo hwokuti kudzidzisa unyanzvi hwekuziva nzvimbo nezvimiro kunovandudza avhareji, uye kuti humwe unyanzvi hunoendeswa kune mamwe mabasa ari mundima imwe chete, mumamiriro akaongororwa. Kuti kudzidzira mumutambo wakati kunounza mhedzisiro yakati kune rimwe basa kunoda kuongororwa kwakananga. Uttal et al., 2013
Edza muedzo wemahara une chekuita nazvo
Muedzo wekutenderedza zvinhu mupfungwa
Edza muedzo wekutenderedza zvinhu mupfungwa kuti uzive basa racho. Kana ukadzidzira, nyora miedzo yawakamboita uye shandisa zvinhu zvitsva zvisina kujairika asi zvakafanana paunenge uchiongorora shanduko. Mutambo uyu hauvimbisi kuwedzera kweIQ kana mhedzisiro yeavhareji yakawanikwa muzvirongwa zvakasiyana zvekudzidzisa unyanzvi hwekuziva nzvimbo nezvimiro.
Mibvunzo yakajairika
Ko g = 0.47 zvinoreva kuvandudzika kwe47% here?
Kwete. Iyi ndiyo misiyano yeavhareji yakayerwa pachikero chakafanana; muongororo yataurwa, zvakabuda zvisina kujairika zvakabviswa. Uttal et al., 2013
Kudzidzira kuchawedzera IQ yangu here?
Mhedzisiro yekudzidzisa unyanzvi hwekuziva nzvimbo nezvimiro hairatidzi kuti mutambo uyu unounza izvozvo. Kuvandudzika nekuendeswa kweunyanzvi zvinofanira kutsanangurwa maererano nezvakayerwa chaizvo. Uttal et al., 2013
Ndinofanira kudzidzira kwemaminitsi mangani?
Zvinyorwa izvi hazvitauri nguva yakakwana inofanira kushandiswa nemunhu wose pabasa repabrowser. Kupa purogiramu yakatarwa kwaizowedzera mashoko asina kutsigirwa nehumbowo. Uttal et al., 2013 Scharfen et al., 2018
Manyuko
- Voyer et al. (1995). Kukura kwemisiyano yevarume nevakadzi muunyanzvi hwekuziva nzvimbo nezvimiro: Ongororo yakabatanidza zvidzidzo uye yakatarisa zvinhu zvinokosha..
- Linn et al. (1985). Kubuda nekutsanangurwa kwemisiyano yevarume nevakadzi muunyanzvi hwekuziva nzvimbo nezvimiro: Ongororo yakabatanidza zvidzidzo.
- Shepard et al. (1971). Kutenderedza zvinhu zvine mativi matatu mupfungwa.
- Vandenberg et al. (1978). Kutenderedza zvinhu mupfungwa, muedzo weboka wokufungidzira zvinhu zvine mativi matatu zviri munzvimbo.
- Uttal et al. (2013). Kuchinjika kweunyanzvi hwekuziva nzvimbo nezvimiro: Ongororo yezvidzidzo zvekudzidzisa yakabatanidzwa..
- Hyde (2005). Pfungwa yokuti varume nevakadzi vakafanana pane zvimwe zvinhu..
- Scharfen et al. (2018). Mhedzisiro yokudzokorora miedzo mukuyera kugona kufunga: Ongororo yakabatanidza zvidzidzo.
- Hedge et al. (2017). Paradox yekuvimbika: Nei miedzo yakasimba yekufunga isingaratidzi misiyano yakavimbika pakati pevanhu.