Ikizamini cyo kumenya amajwi y’umuziki: uburyo
Gutandukanya icyerekezo cy'uburebure bw'ijwi hakoreshejwe uburyo buhinduka (urukurikirane rwa 2-hasi/1-hejuru, amajwi abiri kuri buri igerageza), gusubiramo injyana ukanda, no kuvuga izina ry'ijwi nyirizina ku bushake
Verisiyo ibara amanota: 1 (PUBLIC_TEST_SCORER_VERSION; ibisubizo bigereranywa gusa mu gihe hakoreshejwe verisiyo imwe yo kubara amanota n'umubare umwe w'imiterere y'ibikoresho bikoresha umukino)
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Urugero rwo gutandukanya icyerekezo cy'uburebure bw'ijwi (intambwe wumva neza hafi 70.7% by'ibihe), ukuri ko gusubiramo injyana ngufi, no (ku bushake) kuvuga amazina y'amajwi udafite irindi jwi ryo kugereranya (kumenya uburebure bw'ijwi nyirizina).
Uko gikorwa
Kugenzura amajwi byumvikanisha inoti 4 zizamuka kugira ngo ushyireho ijwi rikunogeye. Amajwi yose akorerwa muri mushakisha (Web Audio): ni amajwi akomatanyije afite amajwi y'inyongera kuva kuri 1 kugeza kuri 4, afite ubukana bwa 1, 0.5, 0.3 na 0.15. Igice cya 1, uburebure bw'ijwi: humvikana amajwi abiri amara 350 ms (agenda acogora mu 25 ms), hagati yayo hakaba icyuho cya 400 ms. Buri gerageza, uburebure bw'ijwi rya mbere buhitamo ku buryo amahirwe ya logarithme angana hagati ya 330 na 660 Hz; irya kabiri riba rirerire cyangwa rigufi (50/50) hakurikijwe intambwe iriho. Usubiza ngo Rirerire cyangwa Rigufi (ukoresheje buto cyangwa imyambi ya klavye); nyuma ya buri gisubizo herekanwa niba ari cyo cyangwa atari cyo. Hari ibigeragezo byo kwimenyereza ushobora guhitamo kuri 300 na 200 cents. Urukurikirane rutangirira kuri 100 cents; ibisubizo 2 bikurikiranye ari byo bituma intambwe iba nto, ikosa 1 rikayigira nini; intambwe ihinduka ikubye 2 kugeza habaye ihinduka rya mbere, nyuma ikubye umuzi wa kabiri wa 2; imbibi ni 0.5 na 400 cents; ihagarara nyuma y'impinduka 10 cyangwa ibigeragezo 60. Igice cya 2, injyana: uburyo 5 bwo gukomanga, buri bumwe bukinwa kabiri, hagati yabyo hakabamo ibice 4 by'ituza, hanyuma ukabukomanga uko bwumvikanye (buto, Space cyangwa Enter); igikorwa cyo gukanda gifungwa nyuma ya 2.5 s uhereye ku gihe cyari giteganyijwe cyo gukanda kwa nyuma. Igice cya 3, kuvuga amazina y'amajwi ku bushake: amajwi 12 yonyine ari hagati ya C3 na B5 (izina ry'ijwi ntirisubirwamo inshuro ebyiri zikurikirana), uyahitamo kuri klavye igaragara kuri ecran ifite octave imwe; nta jwi ryo kugereranya cyangwa igisubizo cyerekanywa. Gusohoka muri tab ya mushakisha birangiza igerageza.
Ibipimo fatizo
| Igipimo fatizo | Agaciro |
|---|---|
| Ijwi | 350 ms, gucogora mu 25 ms, amajwi y'inyongera 1–4 (ubukana 1, 0.5, 0.3, 0.15) |
| Icyuho kiri hagati y'amajwi yombi | 400 ms |
| Ijwi rya mbere (rishobora guhinduka) | Amahirwe ya logarithme angana, 330–660 Hz |
| Urukurikirane rw'intambwe | 2-hasi/1-hejuru, itangira kuri 100 cents, ikubye 2 kugeza ku ihinduka rya mbere hanyuma 1.41, intera 0.5–400 cents |
| Itegeko ryo guhagarika | Impinduka 10 cyangwa ibigeragezo 60 |
| Urugero fatizo | Impuzandengo ya geometrike y'impinduka 6 za nyuma |
| Kwimenyereza uburebure bw'ijwi | 300 na 200 cents, hatangwa igisubizo, ushobora kubisimbuka |
| Uburyo bw'injyana (icyuho gipimwa mu bice bya 200 ms) | 2-2-1-1-2; 1-1-2-1-1-2; 3-1-2-2; 2-1-1-3-1; 1-2-1-2-1-1 |
| Inshuro injyana ikinwa / ituza hagati yo kuyikina | 2 / ibice 4 (800 ms) |
| Igipimo cyo kuvuga ko injyana yahujwe | Ikosa risanzwe ry'igihe kingana na 20% cyangwa munsi |
| Kuvuga amazina y'inoti | Ibyiciro 12, MIDI 48–83 (C3–B5), ku bushake |
| Amanota y'inyongera ku jwi ritandukaniyeho igice cya semitone | 0.75 |
Uko amanota abarwa
Uburebure bw'ijwi: urugero fatizo = impuzandengo ya geometrike y'ingingo 6 za nyuma z'ihinduka, muri cents (runerekanywa kandi nk'ijanisha ry'itandukaniro ry'uburebure bw'ijwi); hakenewe nibura impinduka 2. Ni cyo gipimo cy'ibanze; amanota make ni meza. Semitone imwe ni 100 cents. Injyana: intera zo gukanda zirahindurwa ku buryo igiteranyo cyazo kingana n'uburebure bw'injyana (umuvuduko ntubarwa); ikosa kuri buri njyana = impuzandengo, mu ntera zayo, ya |intera yo gukanda yahinduwe − intera y'injyana| / intera y'injyana, buri ntera ikagira igipimo ntarengwa cya 50%. Injyana ibarwa nk'ihujwe iyo ikosa ringana na 20% cyangwa munsi. Injyana yakanzwe inshuro zitari zo ntihabwa amanota. Hatangwa: injyana zahujwe (kuri 5), ikosa risanzwe %, n'igipimo cy'umuvuduko (kirenga 1 = gahoro kurusha uko yacuranzwe). Inoti: izina ry'inoti nyaryo riha amanota 1, gutandukana na semitone imwe bigaha 0.75 (nk'uko biri muri Athos et al. 2007); amanota % = amanota yahawe / 12. Nta kugereranya abakinnyi kugaragazwa.
Amategeko agena igerageza ryemewe
Seriveri isubiramo urukurikirane ishingiye ku bisubizo by'ukuri/ikosa, ikanga igerageza iyo intambwe zatanzwe zitakurikije urwo rukurikirane, iyo ijwi rya mbere riri hanze ya 330–660 Hz, cyangwa iyo urukurikirane rutari rwarangiye (impinduka ziri munsi ya 10 kandi ibigeragezo biri munsi ya 60). Uburyo bw'injyana bugomba kuza uko bukurikirana, kandi ibihe byo gukanda ntibigomba gusubira inyuma. Igice cy'inoti kigomba kugira ibyiciro 12 neza biri mu ntera, cyangwa ntikibeho. Seriveri yubaka buri gerageza bundi bushya ivuye mu nyandiko fatizo (no ku mubare w'imbuto y'igerageza aho uba uhari) kandi ikabara amanota ubwayo; ibyo urupapuro ruvuga ku gisubizo cy'ukuri cyangwa ikosa birirengagizwa. Inyandiko itubahiriza amategeko y'umukino irangwa, kandi nta kintu kibikwa. Igerageza ribitswe rishobora kugira ibimenyetso by'ubuziranenge biterekanwa kandi bitabuza kubona igisubizo: ibigeragezo 10 cyangwa birenga bivuye kuri aderesi imwe ya IP, kubura nimero iranga umushyitsi, guhindura tab, n'ibimenyetso by'ikoreshwa ryikora (mushakisha ikoreshwa na porogaramu, umuvuduko udashoboka, nta bikorwa byo kwinjiza amakuru, igihe gihoraho nk'icya mashini).
Itandukaniro n’igikorwa cy’umwimerere
Mu bushakashatsi bwo muri laboratwari bwo gutandukanya uburebure bw'ijwi, hakoreshwa na ekuteri zapimwe, ijwi rihoraho ku rugero rumwe, kandi akenshi hakorwa igerageza rihinduka inshuro nyinshi; hano hakorwa igerageza rimwe hakoreshejwe indangururamajwi cyangwa ekuteri by'umuntu, kandi nyuma ya buri gerageza agahabwa igisubizo. Iki si Igipimo cya Montreal cyo gusuzuma Amusia cyangwa ikindi gipimo cyo gusuzuma indwara. Igice cy'injyana ni umurimo mugufi wo gusubiramo injyana, si ikizamini gisanzwe cy'uko umuntu yumva injyana. Igice cy'inoti gikurikiza uburyo bwo gutanga amanota bwa Athos et al. (2007), ariko kigakoresha ijwi rimwe ryakozwe na mudasobwa n'inoti 12.
Imbogamizi
Indangururamajwi, ekuteri, urugero rw'ijwi n'urusaku rwo hirya no hino bihindura urugero fatizo; no kurangara akanya gato biraruhindura. Urugero fatizo rushobora gutera imbere vuba uko umuntu amenyera. Gutinda kw'igikoresho cyo gukoraho na klavye bigira ingaruka ku gukanda gukurikije injyana. Iki si ikizamini cyo kumva kandi ntigishobora gusuzuma amusia. Nta bipimo ngenderwaho by'iyi verisiyo bihari.
Indimi n’uko zasuzumwe
Amajwi ntashingira ku rurimi; amazina y'inoti n'amabwiriza biri mu ndimi zose z'urubuga (Icyongereza n'izindi ndimi 99).
Uko amabwiriza yasuzumwe, hakurikijwe ururimi
Indimi z’amabwiriza zasohotse zanditswe hano hepfo. Uburyo bwo guhindura: ubuhinduzi bwifashisha imashini, hakoreshejwe igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire. Ibyihariye kuri buri rurimi bisobanurwa haruguru; hano nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe.
| Ururimi rw’amabwiriza | Uko isuzuma ryanditswe |
|---|---|
| English | Inyandiko y’umwimerere iri mu Cyongereza. |
| Afaan Oromoo | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Afrikaans | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Akan | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Avañe’ẽ | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Aymar aru | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Azərbaycan dili | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Bahasa Indonesia | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Bahasa Melayu | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Bahsa Acèh | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Bamanankan | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Basa Bali | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Basa Banjar | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Basa Jawa | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Basa Sunda | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Basa Ugi | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Baso Minangkabau | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Bikol | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Bosanski | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Català | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Cebuano | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Čeština | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Chichewa | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| ChiShona | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| chiTumbuka | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Dansk | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Deutsch | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Eesti | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Español | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Eʋegbe | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Filipino | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Français | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Fulfulde | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Galego | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Gĩkũyũ | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Hausa | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Hiligaynon | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Hmoob | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Hrvatski | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Igbo | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Ikinyarwanda | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Ikirundi | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Ilokano | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| isiXhosa | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| isiZulu | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Italiano | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| itsonga | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Kapampangan | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Kiswahili | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Kreyòl ayisyen | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Kurmancî | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Latviešu | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Lietuvių | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Lingála | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Lombard | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Luganda | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Madhurâ | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Magyar | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Malagasy | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Mizo ṭawng | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Naijá | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Napulitano | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Nederlands | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Norsk bokmål | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Oʻzbekcha | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Pangasinan | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Piemontèis | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Polski | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Português | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Română | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Runa simi | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Sardu | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Scots | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Sepedi | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Sesotho | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Setswana | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Shqip | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Sicilianu | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| siSwati | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Slovenčina | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Slovenščina | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Soomaali | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Srpski | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Suomi | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Svenska | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Tâi-gí | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Taqbaylit | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Tiếng Việt | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Tok Pisin | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Tshivenḓa | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Türkçe | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Türkmençe | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Vahcuengh | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Vèneto | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Winaray | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Wolof | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Yorùbá | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Zazakî | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Ελληνικά | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Башҡортса | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Беларуская | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Български | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Кыргызча | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Қазақ тілі | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Македонски | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Монгол | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Нохчийн | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Русский | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Татарча | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Тоҷикӣ | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Українська | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Чӑвашла | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| ქართული | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| Հայերեն | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| עברית | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| ئۇيغۇرچە | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| اردو | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| العربية | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| پښتو | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| پنجابی | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| سنڌي | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| فارسی | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| کٲشُر | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| کوردیی ناوەندی | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| گیلکی | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| مازرونی | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| ትግርኛ | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| አማርኛ | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| अवधी | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| कोंकणी | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| नेपाली | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| बर’ | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| भोजपुरी | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| मराठी | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| मैथिली | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| हिन्दी | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| অসমীয়া | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| বাংলা | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| ਪੰਜਾਬੀ | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| ગુજરાતી | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| ଓଡ଼ିଆ | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| தமிழ் | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| తెలుగు | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| ಕನ್ನಡ | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| ತುಳು | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| മലയാളം | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| සිංහල | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| ꯃꯩꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| ไทย | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| ລາວ | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| བོད་ཡིག | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| မြန်မာ | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| လိၵ်ႈတႆး | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| ខ្មែរ | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| 한국어 | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| 吴语 | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| 日本語 | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| 简体中文 | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| 粵語 | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
| 繁體中文 | Igenzura ryikora ry'imiterere y'inyandiko n'imyandikire; nta suzuma rikozwe n'umuntu uvuga ururimi kavukire ryanditswe. |
Uko wasubira ku nyandiko
Helibrain (2026). Tone deaf test, v1. https://helibrain.com/tone-deaf-test/methods
Amateka y’impinduka
· Verisiyo 1 · Inyandiko ya mbere isobanura uburyo bw’igikorwa kiriho ubu cyasohotse.
Inyandiko zifashishijwe
Levitt, H. (1971). Transformed up-down methods in psychoacoustics. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 49(2B), 467–477.
https://doi.org/10.1121/1.19123752-down/1-up staircase (70.7% point)
Micheyl, C., Delhommeau, K., Perrot, X., & Oxenham, A. J. (2006). Influence of musical and psychoacoustical training on pitch discrimination. Hearing Research, 219(1–2), 36–47.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heares.2006.05.004pitch thresholds in musicians and non-musicians, training effects
Peretz, I., & Vuvan, D. T. (2017). Prevalence of congenital amusia. European Journal of Human Genetics, 25(5), 625–630.
https://doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2017.15how rare true tone deafness is
Athos, E. A., Levinson, B., Kistler, A., Zemansky, J., Bostrom, A., Freimer, N., & Gitschier, J. (2007). Dichotomy and perceptual distortions in absolute pitch ability. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(37), 14795–14800.
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0703868104note-naming scoring with semitone partial credit
Inyandiko isobanura uburyo: CC BY 4.0. Vuga ko ari iya Helibrain kandi ushyiremo umurongo uhuza n’ubu buryo. Amasoko y’amakuru n’ibikoresho by’igikorwa bigumana impushya zabyo; iyi mpushya ireba gusa inyandiko isobanura uburyo.
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