Umboni wofunika ndi manambala
| Mtundu | Zomwe zimatsatiridwa | Tsatanetsatane wa zigoli wosunga |
|---|---|---|
| N-back yowona yokha | Mndandanda umodzi wa zinthu zooneka kapena malo | Zofananitsa, mayankho olakwika osonyeza kuti cholinga chapezeka, ndi nthawi yoyankhira |
| N-back yomva yokha | Mndandanda umodzi wa mawu kapena mamvekedwe | Mmene mawu amaseweredwera ndi malamulo oyankhira |
| N-back yapawiri | Mindandanda iwiri nthawi imodzi | Malamulo owerengera zigoli pa mndandanda uliwonse ndi zonse pamodzi |
Kafukufuku wa n-back ali ndi njira zambiri zochitira mayesowa, osati masewera amodzi okhazikika. Owen ndi anzake amasiyanitsa kusiyana kwa zinthu, malo ndi zomwe zili; meta-analysis ya maphunziro imayang'ana kusiyana kwa njira zophunzitsira ndi zotsatira zake. Kusiyana kwa kamangidwe kameneka kumatanthauza kuti kungotchula n yokha sikufotokoza mokwanira mmene munthu wachitira. Owen ndi anzake, 2005 Soveri ndi anzake, 2017
Kodi n-back yapawiri imawonjezera zovuta zotani?
Kuyang'anira mindandanda iwiri kumafuna kuigwirizanitsa, koma kuchuluka kwenikweni kwa zovuta kumadalira nthawi imene mindandandayo imaonekera komanso mmene zigoli zimawerengedwera. N'zosayenera kuchulukitsa zigoli za ntchito imodzi ndi ziwiri kapena kuchotsa milingo yokhazikika kuti muyerekezere zigoli za ntchito yapawiri. Nthanthi za kukumbukira kogwira ntchito zimaphatikiza mitundu ingapo ya zinthu zokumbukiridwa ndi njira zowongolera, osati kuchuluka kumodzi kwa malo ogwira ntchito komwe n'kofanana pa ntchito zonse. Baddeley, 2012 Cowan, 2001
Kusiyanaku kumafotokozanso chifukwa chake chigoli chimodzi cha kukumbukira manambala motsatizana sichingatsimikizire mtundu umene munthu angaupeze kukhala wosavuta. Njira zoyezera kukumbukira zimafuna kukumbukira ndi kukonza zinthu mosiyanasiyana; meta-analysis yofanizira n-back ndi ntchito zovuta za kukumbukira motsatizana imati njira zimenezi sizingatengedwe ngati zofanana. Conway ndi anzake, 2005 Redick ndi anzake, 2013
Kodi n-back yapawiri ndi yabwino kwambiri pa sayansi?
Kuti muyankhe funsoli, muyenera kufotokoza zimene mukutanthauza kuti yabwino: kuchita bwino pa ntchito imene munaphunzira, kusamutsira luso ku ntchito ina ya kukumbukira, kapena kusintha kwa luso loganiza mozama ndi zinthu zina ndi zotsatira zosiyana. Meta-analysis ya maphunziro imasiyanitsa zotsatirazi. Kuphunzitsa kovuta kapena kokhala ndi mbali zambiri sikutanthauza kokha kuti phindu lake lonse lidzakhala lalikulu. Soveri ndi anzake, 2017
Kodi zimakhudzidwa ndi chiyani?
Kodi umboni wa kusamutsidwa kwa luso ukusonyeza chiyani?
Kuchita bwino pa ntchito zina zofanana kungachitike, makamaka ngati mayeso akufanana ndi zimene munthu anaphunzira. Kafukufuku wofotokoza zambiri za kukumbukira kogwira ntchito akusonyeza kuti zonena za luntha kapena luso lina losiyana kwambiri ndi ntchito yophunzitsidwa zimafooka zikayerekezera ndi magulu oyenera owongolera. Zotsatirazi sizigwirizana ndi lonjezo lakuti n-back yapawiri imapangitsa munthu kukhala wanzeru pa zinthu zonse. Melby-Lervåg ndi anzake, 2016 Soveri ndi anzake, 2017
Izi sizikutanthauzanso kuti kuphunzira masewerawa n'kopanda phindu. Munthu angakhale waluso kwambiri pa kusunga lamulo, kuyang'anitsitsa zinthu zosonyezedwa ndi kuyankha molondola. Kufotokoza kogwirizana ndi sayansi kumangokhudza ntchito imene yayesedwa kapena zotsatira za kusamutsidwa kwa luso zimene zayezedwa moyandikana nayo. Soveri ndi anzake, 2017
Chifukwa chake milingo ya pa intaneti si sikelo imodzi yofanana
Liwiro losonyeza zinthu, kuchuluka kwa zolinga, malire osinthira zovuta, zinthu zosokoneza ndi nthawi yoyankhira zingasiyane. N-back yapawiri yapang'onopang'ono ingakhale ndi zovuta zosiyana ndi n-back imodzi yachangu. Ngati njira ndi miyezo yoyambira sizikufanana, zilembo zofanana za n sizisonyeza luso lofanana kapena miyezo yoimira zaka ndi jenda. Owen ndi anzake, 2005 Redick ndi anzake, 2013
Kudalirika kuyeneranso kuyezedwa pa chigoli chilichonse, makamaka kusiyana pakati pa mitundu iwiriyi. Kafukufuku wa chodabwitsa cha kudalirika akufotokoza chifukwa chake ntchito zolimba pa kuyesa zasayansi zingaperekebe kusiyana kosakhazikika pakati pa anthu. Mulingo umodzi umene munthu wafikapo kamodzi suyenera kukhala chizindikiro chokhazikika cha kukumbukira kwake kogwira ntchito. Hedge ndi anzake, 2017
Ngati mukufanizira mitunduyi mwachisawawa, ganizirani za tsatanetsatane wake ndipo lembani mayankho olondola ndi mayankho olakwika osonyeza kuti cholinga chapezeka. Muziona zimene mumakonda kapena kupita patsogolo ngati zokhudza ntchitoyo yokha. Umboniwu sunapereke mulingo umodzi wabwino kwambiri wa n kwa aliyense, nthawi yotsimikizika yophunzitsira, kapena njira yosinthira kuchita bwino pa ntchito yapawiri kukhala IQ. Conway ndi anzake, 2005 Melby-Lervåg ndi anzake, 2016
Yesani mayeso aulere okhudzana ndi zimenezi
Mayeso a kukumbukira zinthu zomwe zaoneka kale
Yesani mayeso a n-back ndipo tsatirani mtundu wofotokozedwa patsambali. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito njira ina yosiyana ya n-back yapawiri, lembani zotsatira zake padera ndipo musatenge zilembo za n ngati sikelo imodzi yofanana. Ntchito ya Helibrain siyitsimikizira phindu lalikulu la kuphunzitsa.
Mafunso ofala
Kodi 2-back yapawiri ndi yofanana ndi 4-back imodzi?
Ayi. Nambalayi imasonyeza kusiyana kwa malo; kuwonjezera mndandanda wina kumasintha kufunika kogwirizanitsa, sikungochulukitsa kusiyana kwa malo kawiri. Owen ndi anzake, 2005
Kodi n-back yapawiri imathandiza pa ntchito zonse za kukumbukira?
Ndemanga za kafukufuku zimasiyanitsa kuphunzira ntchito, kusamutsira luso ku ntchito zofanana ndi kusamutsira ku ntchito zosiyana kwambiri. Kuchita bwino kwambiri pa maphunziro sikutsimikizira kusintha kwakukulu pa zinthu zonse. Soveri ndi anzake, 2017 Melby-Lervåg ndi anzake, 2016
Ndigwiritse ntchito mtundu uti poyezera IQ?
Palibe mtundu uliwonse umene umapereka njira yotsimikizika yosinthira mulingo wake wa n kukhala IQ mwachindunji. Ntchito zosiyanasiyana za kukumbukira kogwira ntchito sizingatengedwe ngati zofanana. Redick ndi anzake, 2013
Magwero
- Owen ndi anzake (2005). Njira ya n-back yoyezera kukumbukira kogwira ntchito: kusanthula kwa meta kwa kafukufuku wodziwika wa kujambula ntchito za ubongo.
- Redick ndi anzake (2013). Miyezo ya kukumbukira kogwira ntchito ya complex span ndi n-back: kusanthula kwa meta.
- Cowan (2001). Nambala yodabwitsa ya 4 pa kukumbukira kwakanthawi kochepa: kuwunikanso mphamvu yosunga zinthu m’maganizo.
- Baddeley (2012). Kukumbukira kogwira ntchito: nthanthi, zitsanzo ndi mikangano.
- Conway ndi anzake (2005). Ntchito zoyezera kuchuluka kwa kukumbukira kogwira ntchito: kuwunika njira ndi chitsogozo kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.
- Soveri ndi anzake (2017). Kuwunikanso maphunziro a kukumbukira kogwira ntchito: kusanthula kwa meta kwa magawo angapo pa maphunziro a n-back.
- Melby-Lervåg ndi anzake (2016). Kuphunzitsa kukumbukira kogwira ntchito sikuwongolera zotsatira za mayeso a luntha kapena miyeso ina ya “kusamutsidwa kwakutali”.
- Hedge ndi anzake (2017). Chodabwitsa cha kudalirika: chifukwa chake ntchito zolimba zoyezera luntha sizingapereke kusiyana kodalirika pakati pa anthu.