Adanse titiriw ne nɔma
| Adwuma a nhwehwɛmu no hwɛɛ | Sɛ wɔkyekyem a, ahoɔhare | Bere a wɔabu ho akontaa ama nsɛmfua 1,000 |
|---|---|---|
| Nsɛm a ɛnyɛ anansesɛm a wɔkenkan komm | 238 WPM | Bɛyɛ sima 4 ne sikɔne 12 |
| Anansesɛm a wɔkenkan komm | 260 WPM | Bɛyɛ sima 3 ne sikɔne 51 |
| Akenkan den | 183 WPM | Bɛyɛ sima 5 ne sikɔne 28 |
Akenkan den ho akontaabu no gyina nhwehwɛmu 77 ne nnipa 5,965 so. Nnipa ne nkyerɛwee a wɔde yɛɛ akenkan komm ne akenkan den no nyinaa nyɛ pɛ, na akwankyerɛ nso gu ahorow. Enti sɛ yeyi 183 fi 238 mu a, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ obiara kenkan komm a, ɔde 55 WPM bɛboro ne akenkan den. Saa ara nso na sɛ wɔkyekyem a, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ obi kasa dɛ, sɛnea ɔkenkan no yɛ dwoodwoo, anaa ahoɔhare a ɛsɛ sɛ obi bɔ ho mmɔden du ho. Brysbaert, 2019
Kasa den ka adwuma foforo bi ho
Sɛ yɛkenkan den a, yɛde yɛn ani hu nsɛmfua, yɛyɛ kasa ho adwene, na yɛka nsɛmfua no. Sɛ yɛkenkan komm nso a, yɛda so ara yɛ kasa ho adwene, nanso ɛho nhia sɛ yenya hɔ ma wɔka asɛmfua biara. Ani a ɛkeka ne kasa ho adwene mu nhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ saa nneɛma abien no di nsawɔso; adwuma no mu biara nyɛ sɛ aniwa kɛkɛ tu fa nsensanee bi so. Rayner, 1998 CLIFTON et al., 2015
Nsonsonoe yi nkyerɛ sɛ akenkan komm nni nnyegyee ho adwene. Akenkan ahoɔhare ho nhwehwɛmu no kyerɛ nea enti a ɛnyɛ nea wɔada no adi sɛ sɛ obi yi ne tirim kasa fi hɔ a, ɛbɛma nteaseɛ ayɛ ntɛm kɛse wɔ tebea biara mu. Sɛ obi ntumi nte ne kasa denneennen no nnyegyee ne sɛ kasa nnyegyee ho adwene biara nni ne mu no yɛ nsɛm abien a ɛsono wɔn. Rayner et al., 2016
Ɔkwan bɛn so na nteaseɛ yɛ papa?
Ahoɔhare abien no sɛ wɔkyekyem a, wɔn nko ara ntumi mma saa asɛmmisa no ho mmuae. Nteaseɛ gyina ade a yɛrekenkan, nea enti a yɛrekenkan, ne ɔkenkanfo no so. Sɔhwɛ bi a ɛhwɛɛ sɛnea obi siw akenkan asɛm bi bio ano no kyerɛ sɛ san kɔ nsɛmfua bi so a, ebetumi aboa nteaseɛ; akwankyerɛ a ɛhyɛ obi sɛ ɔnkɔ so nkenkan ntɛm ara no betumi ayi bere a ɛho hia afi mu wɔ akwan abien no mu biara so. Schotter et al., 2014
Dɛn na ɛka ho asɛm?
Nea enti a mfe ne kasa sesa sɛnea wɔde toto ho
Nhwehwɛmu no hu ahoɔhare ahorow ma mmofra, mpanyimfo a wɔn mfe akɔ anim, ne wɔn a wɔresua kasa foforo. Asɛmfua nimdeɛ ne osuahu a obi anya wɔ kasa mu ka sɛnea ɔhu asɛmfua ho, na kasa a ɛto so abien ho nhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ sɛnea asɛmfua pue mpɛn dodow no nya nsunsuanso soronko gyina ɔkenkanfo no osuahu wɔ kasa biara mu so. Enti osuani bi akenkan den ne nea ɔkenkan komm ahoɔhare ntɛm kwan biara mu nsonsonoe betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ Borɔfo kasa mu mpanyimfo akuw no akontaabu a wɔaboaboa ano no ho. Brysbaert, 2019 Whitford et al., 2012
Asɛmfua a obi hu nso nyɛ ade koro ne sɛnea ɔde kasa no bɛka no dwoodwoo. Asɛmfua dodow a obi nim ho akontaabu gyina sɛnea wɔkyerɛkyerɛ asɛmfua bi mu so, na sɛnea wɔte nkyerɛwee ase gyina nsɛmfua a ɛwɔ saa nkyerɛwee pɔtee no mu so. Eyi nti ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde akenkan den WPM dodow biako bu obi kasa mu nimdeɛ nyinaa ho atɛn. Brysbaert et al., 2016 Nation, 2006
Dɛn na nteaseɛ wom sɛ yɛbɛyɛ ho ntetee?
Fa ɔkwan a ɛfata adwuma no di dwuma: sɛ wode rema afoforo ate a, wobɛkenkan den; sɛ wode rekenkan ama w’ankasa nteaseɛ a, ɛyɛ adwuma foforo. Eyinom wɔ nimdeɛ bi a ɛbom, nanso ɛsono wɔn nso. Fa nneɛma a ɛte sɛ wɔn ho toto ho, na hwɛ sɛ wote ase. Akenkan ho nhwehwɛmu no foa so sɛ yɛnkyerɛ nea ɛkyerɛ sɛnea adwuma no te, na ɛnkyerɛ sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ obiara kenkan wɔ ɔkwan biako so bere nyinaa. Brysbaert, 2019 Rayner et al., 2016
Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wode akwan abien no toto ho wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ aban de so a, fa nkyerɛwee foforo a ne dennen te sɛ nea aka no di dwuma, na mma nkenkan nkyerɛwee koro no ara den ntɛm ara bere a woakenkan komm no. Sɛ wunim nkyerɛwee no dedaw a, ebetumi ama ntotoho no ayɛ basaa. Fa nea efi mu ba no sɛ nea ɛkyerɛ sɛnea wokenkanee saa nkyerɛwee no, na mmu no sɛ sɔhwɛ a wɔagye atom a ɛsɔ wo nimdeɛ ankasa hwɛ anaa bɔhyɛ a ɛfa nhoma nyinaa ho. CLIFTON et al., 2015 Rayner, 1998
Sɛ ahoɔhare sesa a, ma nea ɛkyerɛ no mu nna hɔ: sɛ akenkan ntɛm nanso nteaseɛ sua a, ɛsono no sɛ akenkan ntɛm na nteaseɛ kɔ so yɛ pɛ. Ahoɔhare dodow nkutoo nkyerɛ saa nsonsonoe no. Rayner et al., 2016 Schotter et al., 2014
Yɛ sɔhwɛ kwa a ɛfa eyi ho no
Akenkan ahoɔhare sɔhwɛ
Sɔ akenkan ahoɔhare sɔhwɛ no hwɛ wɔ akenkan komm mu, na fa nteaseɛ ho nsɛmmisa no di dwuma. Ɛnsɔ akenkan den mu dwoodwoo ho hwɛ. Sɛ wode bere susuw akenkan den ho wɔ ɔkwan foforo so a, kyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ adwuma foforo.
Nsɛmmisa a wɔtaa bisa
Ɛsɛ sɛ akenkan den yɛ 183 WPM?
Ɛno yɛ akuw ahorow mu sɛ wɔkyekyem a, ɛnyɛ ahwehwɛde. Nkyerɛwee, akwankyerɛ, wɔn a wɔyɛɛ nhwehwɛmu no su, ne atirimpɔw sesa nea efi mu ba. Brysbaert, 2019
Akenkan komm yi tirim kasa fi hɔ?
Daabi. Akenkan ahoɔhare ho nhwehwɛmu no ma yɛhu nsonsonoe a ɛda tirim kasa a ɛfa kasa ho ne sɛ obi de ne ano ka asɛmfua biara denneennen no ntam. Rayner et al., 2016
Sɔhwɛ a wɔyɛ wɔ kommyɛ mu betumi asɔ me kasa ho nimdeɛ ahwɛ?
Akenkan ahoɔhare nkutoo nkyerɛ saa. Sɛ obi kasa a, ɛhwehwɛ nneɛma foforo a bere a ɔde kenkan komm no nsusuw ho. CLIFTON et al., 2015
F nkyerɛkyerɛmu fibea
- Brysbaert (2019). Nsɛmfua dodow a yɛkenkan wɔ sima biara mu yɛ sɛn? Akenkan ahoɔhare ho nhwehwɛmu ne akontabuo mu nhwehwɛmu.
- Rayner et al. (2016). Nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a yɛbɛkenkan, bere sua.
- Rayner (1998). Ani a ɛkeka wɔ akenkan ne nsɛm ho dwumadi mu: Nhwehwɛmu mfe 20.
- CLIFTON et al. (2015). Ani a ɛkeka wɔ akenkan ne nsɛm ho dwumadi mu: Keith Rayner mfe 40 adwuma.
- Whitford et al. (2012). Kasa a ɛto so abien ho osuahu sesa nsunsuanso a asɛmfua a ɛtaa ba nya wɔ kasa a edi kan ne nea ɛto so abien mu: Adanse a efi ani a ɛkeka bere a wɔrekenkan nkyekyɛmu a ɛyɛ abɔde mu mu.
- Nation (2006). Nsɛmfua dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ obi nim na watumi akenkan ne atie?.
- Schotter et al. (2014). Mma nnye nea woakenkan pɛnkoro no nni.
- Brysbaert et al. (2016). Nsɛmfua dodow a yɛnim yɛ sɛn? Nsɛmfua dodow ho akontaabu a ɛyɛ mfaso a egyina sɛnea wɔkyerɛkyerɛ asɛmfua mu, kasa mu nsɛm dodow, ne nea ɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu no mfe so.