Ukaboni ukuru na manambara
| Ntchito mu ndemanga ya kafukufuku | Avareji ya luŵiro | Nyengo yakupendekera ya mazgu 1,000 |
|---|---|---|
| Kuŵerenga nkhani zambura kubata mwakukhala chete | 238 WPM | Pafupifupi 4 min 12 sec |
| Kuŵerenga nkhani zakubata mwakukhala chete | 260 WPM | Pafupifupi 3 min 51 sec |
| Kuŵerenga mwakuzomerezga | 183 WPM | Pafupifupi 5 min 28 sec |
Chiŵerengero cha kuŵerenga mwakuzomerezga chikafuma mu masambiro 77 na ŵanthu 5,965. Magulu gha ŵakuŵerenga mwakukhala chete na mwakuzomerezga ghakupambana pa nkhani, ulongozgi na ŵanthu awo ŵakachitako. Ntheura kufumiskako 183 pa 238 kukulongora yayi kuti waliyose wakuŵerenga mwaluŵiro wa 55 WPM para wakuŵerenga mwakukhala chete. Avareji ya gulu yikulongoraso yayi umo mazgu gha munthu wakuyowoya ghakwenera kuŵira, kuti wali na suzgo la kuŵerenga mwakusalala, panji chilato cha umo wakwenera kuchitira. Brysbaert, 2019
Kuyowoya kukusazgirapo ntchito yakufumiska mazgu
Kuŵerenga mwakuzomerezga kukukhumba kuti munthu wagwiriskire ntchito lumoza kumanya mazgu agho wakuwona, kupulikiska chiyowoyero na kuyowoya mazgu. Kuŵerenga mwakukhala chete nako kukupulikiska chiyowoyero, kweni kukukhumbikwira yayi kulindilira kuti mazgu ghaliyose wayowoye. Ndemanga za umo maso ghakwendera pakusanda nkhani zikulongosora kukolerana kwa kuwona mazgu na kupulikiska chiyowoyero; palije ntchito iyo yikung’anamura waka kusenda maso pa mzere. Rayner, 1998 CLIFTON et al., 2015
Kupambana uku kukung’anamura yayi kuti para munthu wakuŵerenga mwakukhala chete wakughanaghana yayi za umo mazgu ghakupulikikwira. Ndemanga ya kuŵerenga mwaluŵiro yikulongosora chifukwa icho kuleka kughanaghana mazgu mukati mwa mtima kulije ukaboni wakuti ni nthowa ya wose yakupulikiskira chomene mwaluŵiro. Kuleka kupulika mazgu ghakuyowoyeka na kuleka kupenda umo ghakupulikikwira ni fundo zakupambana. Rayner et al., 2016
Kasi nthowa njini yikovwira kupulikiska makora?
Avareji ziŵiri za luŵiro zingazgora yayi fumbo ili pa zokha. Kupulikiska kukuthemba pa nkhani, chifukwa cha kuŵerenga na uyo wakuŵerenga. Kafukufuku wa kujarizga munthu kuti waleke kuŵerengaso mazgu wakulongora kuti kuwelera ku mazgu kungawovwira kupulikiska; ulongozgi wakukhazikika wakuti munthu wasungilire luŵiro ukhoza kuchepeska nyengo yakovwira kupulikiska pa nthowa yiliyose. Schotter et al., 2014
Kasi chikukhwaskika na vichi?
Chifukwa icho msinkhu na chiyowoyero vikusinthira kuyaniska uku
Ndemanga ya kafukufuku yikusanga luŵiro lakupambana pakati pa ŵana, ŵalara ŵakukota na ŵanthu awo ŵakusambira chiyowoyero chachiŵiri. Kumanya mazgu na kuŵa na umanyi wa chiyowoyero vikukhwaska umo munthu wakumanyira mazgu. Kafukufuku wa chiyowoyero chachiŵiri wakulongora kuti umo kukazgikira kwa mazgu kukukhwaskira luŵiro kukuthemba pa umo munthu waliri na umanyi wa chiyowoyero chilichose. Ntheura luŵiro lwa musambiri pakuŵerenga mwakuzomerezga na mwakukhala chete lungapambana mu nthowa yinyake na ma avareji gha ŵalara ŵa Chingelezi agho ghakuphatikizgika. Brysbaert, 2019 Whitford et al., 2012
Kumanya mazgu nako nkhupambana na kuyowoya mwakusalala. Vipimo vya mazgu agho munthu wakumanya vikupambana kuyana na umo mazgu ghakupendekera, ndipo kupulikiska nkhani para wakuŵerenga kukuthemba pa mazgu agho ghali mu nkhani yeneyiyo. Ivi vikulongora chifukwa icho tikwenera yayi kugwiliskira ntchito nambara yimoza ya oral WPM kuti tipime luso la munthu mu chiyowoyero chose. Brysbaert et al., 2016 Nation, 2006
Kasi ntchivichi icho munthu wangasambirako?
Sankhani nthowa yakuyana na ntchito iyo mukuchita: kuyowoya nkhani mwakupulikikwa na kuŵerenga kuti mupulikiske mwekha vikusazgapo maluso ghakuyana, kweni ghakupambana. Yaniskani vinthu vyakuyana na vinthu vyakuyana ndipo wonani usange mwapulikiska. Ndemanga za kafukufuku pa kuŵerenga zikovwira kupulikiska ntchito yiliyose payekha; zikupereka ulongozgi wakuti waliyose waŵerengenge nthowa yimoza nyengo zose yayi. Brysbaert, 2019 Rayner et al., 2016
Para mukukhumba kuyaniska mwamwaŵi, gwiriskani ntchito nkhani izo mundaziŵe ndipo zikusuzga mwakuyana. Lekani kuŵerenga mwakuzomerezga nkhani yeneyiyo mwaluŵiro para mwamara waka kuyisanthula mwakukhala chete. Kuŵa kuti mukuidziwa nkhani kungasazgirapo chinthu chinyake mu kuyaniska uku. Wonani ivyo mwapokera nga ni ivyo mwawona pa nkhani izi pera, mwakuti ni chiyezgo chakuzomerezgeka cha umanyi winu panji layizgo la umo mungachitira pa mabuku ghose yayi. CLIFTON et al., 2015 Rayner, 1998
Para luŵiro lasintha, pulikiskani makora ng’anamuro lake: kuŵerenga mwaluŵiro kweni kupulikiska pachoko nkhwakupambana na kuŵerenga mwaluŵiro uku ukupulikiska umo ukaŵira pakwamba. Nambara ya luŵiro pera yingapambaniska yayi vinthu ivi. Rayner et al., 2016 Schotter et al., 2014
Yezgani chiyezgo chaulere chakuyana na ichi
Chiyezgo cha luŵiro lwa kuŵerenga
Yezgani chiyezgo cha luŵiro lwa kuŵerenga nga ni ntchito ya kuŵerenga mwakukhala chete ndipo zgorani mafumbo ghake ghakupulikiska. Chikuyezga yayi umo munthu wakuŵerengera mwakuzomerezga mwakusalala. Usange mwapima luŵiro lwinu lwa kuŵerenga mwakuzomerezga padera, lembani kuti ni ntchito yinyake.
Mafumbo ghakawiro
Kasi munthu wakwenera kuŵerenga mwakuzomerezga pa 183 WPM?
Ichi ntchiŵerengero cha avareji ya magulu, ni chakukhumbikwa yayi. Nkhani, ulongozgi, mikhaliro ya awo ŵakachitako na chilato vikusintha ivyo vikupokera. Brysbaert, 2019
Kasi kuŵerenga mwakukhala chete kukumalirathu kughanaghana mazgu mu mtima?
Yayi. Ndemanga ya kuŵerenga mwaluŵiro yikupambaniska kughanaghana kwa mazgu mukati mwa mtima na kuyowoya mazgu ghose mwakupulikikwa. Rayner et al., 2016
Kasi chiyezgo cha kuŵerenga mwakukhala chete chingapima luso lane lakuyowoya?
Chingalongora yayi luso ulo para chapima luŵiro lwa kuŵerenga pera. Kuyowoya mazgu kukusazgirapo milimo iyo nyengo yakumalizgira kuŵerenga mwakukhala chete yikuyezga yayi. CLIFTON et al., 2015
Mabuku gha kafukufuku
- Brysbaert (2019). Kasi tikuŵerenga mazgu galinga pa miniti? Ndemanga na kuphatikizga maumboni pa luŵiro lwa kuŵerenga.
- Rayner et al. (2016). Vinthu vinandi chomene vyakuŵerenga, kweni nyengo yichoko chomene.
- Rayner (1998). Umo maso ghakwendera pakusanda nkhani na kupanga vinthu mu maghanoghano: vilimika 20 vya kafukufuku..
- CLIFTON et al. (2015). Umo maso ghakwendera pakusanda nkhani na kupanga vinthu mu maghanoghano: vilimika 40 vya ntchito ya Keith Rayner.
- Whitford et al. (2012). Umanyi wa chiyowoyero chachiŵiri ukusintha umo mazgu ghakuzomerezgekera mu chiyowoyero chakwamba na chachiŵiri: ukaboni wakufuma ku umo maso ghakwendera para munthu wakuŵerenga ndime yakawiro.
- Nation (2006). Kasi munthu wakukhumbikwira mazgu galinga kuti waŵerenge na kupulikizga?.
- Schotter et al. (2014). Mungagomezgangako yayi ivyo mwakuŵerenga kamoza pera.
- Brysbaert et al. (2016). Kasi tikumanya mazgu galinga? Vipimo vyakwenelera vya unandi wa mazgu agho munthu wakumanya, kuyana na ng’anamuro la lizgu, unandi wa ivyo munthu wakupulika mu chiyowoyero na msinkhu wake.
Zunurani peji ili: Chifukwa wuli kuŵerenga mwakukhala chete nkhuchanya kuluska kuŵerenga mwakuzomerezga?. Helibrain. 2026. https://helibrain.com/tum/answers/reading-aloud-vs-silent-reading. CC BY 4.0.
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