Ukaboni ukuru na manambara
| Chigaŵa | Kafukufuku wa kukumbukira nambara zakupulikika | Mchezo wakuwona nambara yose |
|---|---|---|
| Ivyo vikuperekeka | Manambara ghakuyowoyeka mwakuyana | Manambara ghakuwoneka pa sikirini |
| Mipata yakugaŵira mu magulu | Vikuyana na nyengo ya kuyowoya na nthowa iyo munthu wakugwiliskira ntchito | Vingasazgapo kugawa mu magulu ghakuwoneka |
| Kulongosora makora ivyo wapokera | Vikukhumbikwira kukumbukira na malango ghakuyimiskira gha kafukufuku uwu | Vikukhumbikwira malango gha mchezo uwu |
| Kukoleraniska mwachindunji | Kundaŵikika | Kundaŵikika |
Kafukufuku wa kupulika wakasazgapo ŵanthu ŵalara ŵa mu chigaŵa cha 763 ŵa vyaka 18–65. Avareji ya kale yakusazgikira yikaŵa 6.35, kweni avareji ya nambara yikuru iyo ŵakafika nayo mu chiyezgo chakukwana yikaŵa 6.77. Kupambana uku mu kafukufuku yumoza pera kukulongora chifukwa icho avareji yakusindikizgika yikwenera kulongosora umo yikaŵerengera. Woods et al., 2010
Chifukwa icho kusintha ivyo munthu wakupokera kukusinthira ntchito
Vyakulongosora umo wongo ukusungira vinthu kwa nyengo yichoko vikupambaniska maghanoghano ghakupanga viyerezgero na ghakulongozga, kusazgapo vyakuyowoya na vyakuwona na malo. Manambara ghakulembeka ghangasinthiskikaso mu mazgu mu maghanoghano, ntheura kupambana uku nkhwakupusu yayi nga ni kuyowoya kuti chimoza nkhukumbukira kwakuwona pera ndipo chinyake nkhukumbukira kwakupulika pera. Umo vinthu vikulongoreka na ivyo munthu wakuchita navyo vyose ni vyakuzirwa. Baddeley, 2012
Kuwona ndondomeko yose nyengo yimoza kungawovwira kuti munthu wawone umo vinthu vyakoleranira na kuvigaŵa mu magulu. Kafukufuku wa kugawa mu magulu wakusanda umo vinthu vyakujowoleka vikupungulira ndondomeko; chandulo chake chikuyana na umo ndondomeko yasungikira, yayi unandi wa vimanyikwiro pera. Deti panji ndondomeko iyo munthu wakuyimanya makora mu maso yingakumbukika mwakupambana na manambara ghambura kukolerana. Mathy et al., 2012 Miller, 1956
Kasi nambara yapachanya yakuwona yikulongora kuti munthu wakukumbukira makora?
Yikulongora fundo iyi pa ntchito na umo yikayezgekera pera. Kuyaniska kukusinthaso utali wa nyengo yakuwonera, mipata yakuwerezgapo, umo munthu wakuzgolera na malango ghakuyimiskira. Kafukufuku wa nthowa zakupimira kukumbukira wakudidimizga kuti vinthu ivi vikusintha chipimo. Nambara yiwemi mu nthowa yimoza yikung’anamura yayi kuti munthu ngwakuchita makora pa ntchito zose zakukumbukira kwa nyengo yichoko. Conway et al., 2005
Kasi chikukhwaskika na vichi?
Chifukwa icho nambara za unandi wa kukumbukira zakusindikizgika zingawonekera nga zikupambana
Maghanoghano gha Cowan ghakuti unandi wakukumbukira ngwakupimika na magulu gha vinthu pa nyengo iyo yikupangika kuti munthu waleke kuwerezgapo na kuti kukumbukira kwa nyengo yitali kuleke kusazgikamo. Nambara zakawiro zakukumbukira zingasanga chandulo na vinthu vyanthena. Ntheura kuyana kwa nambara yakukumbukira magulu na kuŵerenga manambara ghambura kugawa kukusazga vimanyikwiro vyakupambana na malango gha chiyezgo. Cowan, 2001
Kusambizgika chomene pa nthowa zakukumbukira kukupereka chiyelezgero chakukondweska: munthu uyo wakasambizgika wakasambira kukumbukira ndondomeko zazitali chomene za manambara mwakugwiliskira ntchito chidziŵitso chakunozgeka, kweni luso ili lindasazgikire mwakuyana na vinthu vinyake vyambura kukolerana. Uwu mbukaboni wa luso ilo likusambirika, yayi ukaboni wakuti kusungira vinthu vyose vya nyengo yichoko kukakura kufika pa unandi wa manambara agho ghakuwoneka. Ericsson et al., 1980
Wuli pa malango ghakuyana na msinkhu na jenda?
Malango ghakuyana ghakwenera kuyana na nthowa yakupokera uthenga, nyengo, chiyowoyero, ndondomeko ya mazgoro na umo nambara zikuŵerengera. Kafukufuku wa ŵanthu ŵalara wa kupulika ukupereka yayi nthowa yakusintha nambara yakuyana na msinkhu panji jenda kuti yigwire ntchito pa mchezo wakuwona manambara pa intaneti. Kugwiliskira ntchito avareji yake pa mitundu yose ya pa intaneti kungasintha fundo yakovwira ya kafukufuku kuŵa kuŵerengera munthu uyo kukupusika. Woods et al., 2010 Conway et al., 2005
Chenjerero lenelili likukhwaska na ntchito zakupambana na manambara: kusanda kafukufuku unandi kukulongora kuti vipimo vya kukumbukira ndondomeko na vya n-back vikukolerana pachoko waka ndipo vinganjirana yayi. Ntheura chipimo chapachanya cha kukumbukira manambara ghakuwoneka ni nambara ya n-back panji chiyelezgo cha IQ chakuzomerezgeka yayi. Redick et al., 2013
Kuti mujipime, sungani mtundu uliwose padera, gwiriskani ntchito nyengo yakuwonera na malango gha kuzgora ghakuyana, ndipo lembani usange mukuwerezgapo panji kugawa ndondomeko mu magulu. Kusankha uku kukovwira kupulikiska makora kuyana kwinu, kweni kukupanga yayi malango ghakuyana gha ŵanthu wose panji ukaboni wakuzomerezgeka wa vya chipatala. Woods et al., 2010 Mathy et al., 2012
Yezgani chiyezgo chaulere chakuyana na ichi
Chiyezgo cha kukumbukira manambara
Yezgani chiyezgo cha kukumbukira manambara ghakuwoneka ndipo muchemere ivyo mwapokera kuti ni nambara ya ntchito iyi. Usange mukugwiliskiraso ntchito chiyezgo cha kukumbukira manambara ghakupulikika, lembani padera. Lekani kuyerezgera nambara yikuru iyo mwakwaniska pa mtundu umoza na avareji panji nambara ya mtundu unyake iyo yikuyimiskika pa dango.
Mafumbo ghakawiro
Kasi vipimo vya kupulika na kuwona vikwenera kuyana?
Vigaŵa ivi vikulongora yayi kuti ichi chikukhumbikwa kuŵa nthena. Umo vinthu vikulongoreka, nthowa yakuchitira na umo vikuŵerengera vingapambana. Woods et al., 2010 Baddeley, 2012
Kasi munthu wangagwiliskira ntchito kukumbukira mazgu pakuwona manambara?
Enya. Ŵanthu ŵangasintha ivyo ŵaŵerenga kuŵa mazgu mu maghanoghano; mtundu wa umo vinthu vikulongoreka ukung’anamura yayi kuti nthowa yimoza pera yakukumbukira ndiyo yikugwira ntchito. Baddeley, 2012
Kasi nthowa yimoza njakuyana chomene na chiyezgo cha IQ?
Ivi vingakhumbikwira ukaboni wakwenelera. Kuŵa na nambara yiwemi mu nthowa yinyake kukulongora yayi kuti munthu wali na luso la kughanaghana lakuluska ŵanyake pa vinthu vyose. Conway et al., 2005
Mabuku gha kafukufuku
- Woods et al. (2010). Kusazgirako kuyezga kukumbukira manambara kwa kukumbukira mazgu kwa nyengo yichoko.
- Cowan (2001). Nambara yakuzizwiska 4 pa kukumbukira kwa nyengo yichoko: Kuweleraso kughanaghanira unandi wa kusungira vinthu mu maghanoghano.
- Miller (1956). Nambara yakuzizwiska 7, kusazgapo panji kuchoskapo 2: Vinthu vinyake ivyo tingakwaniska kuchita pakupokera uthenga.
- Baddeley (2012). Kukumbukira kwa nyengo yichoko: Maghanoghano, viyerezgero na mphindano.
- Conway et al. (2005). Milimo ya kupima kukumbukira ndondomeko: Kuwonaso nthowa na ulongozgi kwa awo ŵakugwiliskira ntchito.
- Redick et al. (2013). Vipimo vya kukumbukira ndondomeko zakusuzga na n-back: Kusanda kafukufuku unandi.
- Ericsson et al. (1980). Kusambira luso la kukumbukira.
- Mathy et al. (2012). Kasi nchivichi chakuzizwiska pa manambara ghakuzizwiska? Kugawa mu magulu na kufinyiska uthenga pa kukumbukira kwa nyengo yichoko.
Zunurani peji ili: Kasi kukumbukira manambara agho wapulika kukuyana na kukumbukira manambara agho wawona?. Helibrain. 2026. https://helibrain.com/tum/answers/auditory-vs-visual-digit-span. CC BY 4.0.
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