Bosupi jo bo botlhokwa le dipalo
| Seemo sa go buisa | Lebelo le le dirisitsweng | Nako e e baletsweng ya mafoko a le 1,000 |
|---|---|---|
| Palogare ya tshekatsheko ya dibuka tse e seng tsa boitlhamedi tse di buisiwang ka tidimalo | 238 WPM | 4 min 12 sec |
| Palogare ya tshekatsheko ya dibuka tsa boitlhamedi tse di buisiwang ka tidimalo | 260 WPM | 3 min 51 sec |
| Palogare ya tshekatsheko ya go buisa ka lentswe | 183 WPM | 5 min 28 sec |
| Lebelo le le bonalang le le kwa tlase | 175 WPM | 5 min 43 sec |
| Lebelo le le bonalang le le kwa godimo | 300 WPM | 3 min 20 sec |
Dinako tseno di baletswe ka dipalo, mme di dikologetswe go fitlha kwa motsotsong o o gaufi: palo ya mafoko e kgaogantswe ka WPM, e bo e atisiwa ka 60. Ga se dinako tse di tlwaelegileng tse di bonweng mo bathong fa ba fetsa setlhogo se se rileng sa mafoko a le 1,000. Tshekatsheko ya motswedi e sobokantse dipatlisiso tsa selekanyo sa go buisa mo mefuteng e mentsi ya dikwalo le ditsela; dipalopalo tsa palogare ya Seesemane ke tshimologo e e ka thusang go rulaganya. Brysbaert, 2019
Go buisa setlhogo go farologane le go se ithuta
Dikakanyo tsa tshekatsheko tsa go buisa ka tlwaelo ga di a tshwanela go dirisiwa jaaka nako e e tlhomameng ya go ithuta, go sekaseka kgang kgotsa go kwala dintlha. Ditiro tseo di tlhoka go akanya mo go oketsegileng le go boela kwa se o se buisitseng. Dipatlisiso tsa metsamao ya matlho di tlhalosa go boela kwa mafokong a a fetileng le go fetofetoga ga nako e matlho a emang ka yone e le dikarolo tsa go buisa ka kelotlhoko, e seng nako e e senngwang e ka metlha e tshwanetseng go fedisiwa. Rayner, 1998 CLIFTON et al., 2015
Teko nngwe e e neng ya thibela go buisa gape ka tsela e e thusang e ne ya fitlhela gore go tlhaloganya go ne go le bokoa fa go dirisiwa thibelo eo. Seno se tshegetsa go farologanya go feta mo sekwalweng le go se tlhaloganya, go na le go lekanya katlego ka gore motho o goroga kwa lefokong la bofelo ka bonako fela. Schotter et al., 2014
Go tweng fa mokwalo o sa tlwaelega kgotsa o le ka puo e nngwe?
Go buisa ka puo ya bobedi go ikaegile ka bokgoni jwa puo le go kopana le yone. Dipatlisiso tsa kafa mafoko a a tlwaelegileng a amang go buisa ka teng di bontsha gore maitemogelo a puo a fetola se se tlhokegang gore motho a tlhaloganye. Gape, kitso ya tlotlofoko e ama gore mokwalo o ka tlhaloganngwa go le kana kang; ka jalo, palo e e tshwanang ya mafoko e ka tlhoka maiteko a a farologaneng thata mo babuising ba ba farologaneng. Whitford et al., 2012 Nation, 2006 Brysbaert et al., 2016
Ke eng se se e amang?
A dingwaga le bong di tlhoka nako e e farologaneng?
Tshekatsheko e bega gore bana, bagolo ba ba godileng le batho ba ba buisang ka puo ya bobedi ba buisa ka bonya, mme palogare e le nngwe ya bagolo ga e neye selekanyo sa motho ka bongwe se se fetotsweng go ya ka dingwaga. Dithuto tse dintsi di ne di akaretsa batho ba ba rutegileng, gantsi baithuti. Bosupi jono ga bo thibele gore go tlhomamisiwe palo ya metsotswana e batho ba bong jo bo farologaneng ba tshwanetseng go e oketsa mo mokwalong wa mafoko a le 1,000. Brysbaert, 2019
Mafoko ga a lekane ka tshedimosetso mo dipuong tsotlhe. Pharologano ya boleele jwa mafoko, popego ya one le ditsamaiso tsa go kwala le tsone di dira gore go nne thata go bapisa WPM mo dipuong tse di farologaneng. Fa o bua dipuo di le dintsi, bapisa ditiro tse di tshwanang mo puong e le nngwe go na le go tsaya WPM e e kwa tlase e le sesupo sa bokgoni jo bo kwa tlase ka kakaretso. Brysbaert, 2019 CLIFTON et al., 2015
Ke eng se se ka dirang gore fopholetso e go thuse thata?
Lekanya nako ya go buisa mokwalo o o sa o tlwaelang o o batlang o le thata ka tsela e e tshwanang, mme o itlhatlhobe gore o tlhalogantse eng. Lebelo la gago mo tirong e e tshwanang le ka go thusa thata fa o rulaganya nako go na le palogare ya batho ba bantsi, le fa sampole e le nngwe e khutshwane e sa tlhomama. Farologanya nako ya go buisa fela le ya go ikhutsa, go tshwaya mokwalo le go kwala dintlha. Seno ke palo ya go go thusa go rulaganya nako, e seng tlhatlhobo e e tlhomamisiwang ya kalafi. Brysbaert, 2019
Tshekatsheko ya go buisa ka bonako e fitlhela gore go oketsa lebelo thata gantsi go fokotsa go tlhaloganya; go tlodisa matlho mo mokwalong go ka thusa ka maikaelelo a mangwe, mme ga go tshwane le go tlhaloganya tsotlhe. Fa maikaelelo e le go bona ntlha nngwe fela, go sekaseka mokwalo ka bonako go ka tshwanela. Fa maikaelelo e le go ithuta, nako e e oketsegileng ya go tlhomamisa bokao e tshwanetse go akarediwa mo fopholetsong. Rayner et al., 2016
Ga go na thuto epe e e umakilweng e e tlhomamisang gore motshameko kgotsa selekanyi sengwe sa nako se dira gore babui ba nne botlhale. Se se ka lekanngwang ke kafa motho a dirang ka teng mo mokwalong o o tlhalositsweng, ka ditaelo tse di tlhalositsweng, go akaretsa le go akanyetsa go tlhaloganya mmogo le lebelo. Rayner et al., 2016 Schotter et al., 2014
Leka teko ya mahala e e amanang le seno
Teko ya lebelo la go buisa
Leka teko ya lebelo la go buisa ka mokwalo o o sa o tlwaelang, mme o arabe dipotso tsa go itlhatlhoba gore o tlhalogantse. Dirisa maduo go fopholetsa nako ya ditiro tse dingwe tsa go buisa tse di tshwanang. Ipeele nako e nngwe ya dintlha kgotsa go ithuta, go na le go solofela gore tiro nngwe le nngwe e lekane mo palong ya nako ya go buisa fela.
Dipotso tse di tlwaelegileng
Mokgwa wa go bala ke ofe?
Metsotso e lekana le palo ya mafoko e kgaogantswe ka palo ya mafoko a a buisiwang ka motsotso. Ka 238 WPM, 1,000 e kgaogantswe ka 238 e ka nna metsotso e le 4.20, kgotsa metsotso e le 4 le metsotswana e le 12. Brysbaert, 2019
A fopholetso eno e akaretsa go kwala dintlha?
Nnyaa. Palo eno e lebane le nako ya go buisa ka lebelo le le tlhophilweng; go ithuta le go kwala dintlha ke ditiro tse dingwe tse di oketsegileng. Brysbaert, 2019
A nka fokotsa nako ka halofo ke sa fokotse go tlhaloganya?
Tshekatsheko ya go buisa ka bonako ga e tshegetse tsholofetso eo jaaka selo se se diregang ka kakaretso. Go oketsa lebelo thata gantsi go dira gore go tlhaloganya go fokotsege. Rayner et al., 2016
Metswedi
- Brysbaert (2019). How many words do we read per minute? A review and meta-analysis of reading rate.
- Rayner et al. (2016). So Much to Read, So Little Time.
- Rayner (1998). Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research..
- CLIFTON et al. (2015). Eye movements in reading and information processing: Keith Rayner’s 40 year legacy.
- Whitford et al. (2012). Second-language experience modulates first- and second-language word frequency effects: Evidence from eye movement measures of natural paragraph reading.
- Nation (2006). How Large a Vocabulary is Needed For Reading and Listening?.
- Schotter et al. (2014). Don’t Believe What You Read (Only Once).
- Brysbaert et al. (2016). How Many Words Do We Know? Practical Estimates of Vocabulary Size Dependent on Word Definition, the Degree of Language Input and the Participant’s Age.