ᱢᱚᱱ ᱫᱮᱱ ᱚᱠᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱚᱢᱠᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱱ ᱚᱠᱛ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫᱟ?

Raymond ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱚᱢᱤᱠᱷᱟᱠᱚ ᱛᱤᱵᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱛᱩᱛᱤ (RSVP) ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱚᱱᱞᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ: ᱮᱠᱚᱞ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱛᱤᱵᱨᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱞᱟᱹᱜ ᱵᱷᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱢᱟᱡᱷᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱟᱹᱜ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫᱟ। ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱟᱱᱫᱟᱡ ᱚᱠᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ। ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱢᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱷᱤᱨ ᱚᱠᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ। Raymond et al., 1992 Dux et al., 2009

ᱫᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱞᱚ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ?

ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱥ ᱥᱛᱷᱤᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ। ᱵᱷᱤᱱᱱ ᱛᱚᱨᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ, ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱛᱟᱣ, ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱫᱟᱹᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱛᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱵᱷᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ। ᱥᱚᱢᱤᱠᱷᱟᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱬ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱹᱞᱚ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱤᱭ ᱵᱷᱩᱞ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ। Dux et al., 2009 Martens et al., 2009

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱬ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱚᱦᱤ, ᱢᱮᱫ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱚᱠᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱯ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛᱛᱚᱯᱩᱨᱱ। ᱵᱚᱞ ᱥᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱨᱵᱷᱟᱵ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ। ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱥᱮᱠᱮᱱᱰ ᱚᱠᱛ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ। Raymond et al., 1992 Martens et al., 2009

ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱢᱤᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ?

ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱯᱚᱴᱟᱣ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟ। ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞ ᱛᱚᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱸᱪᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚᱬ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, Cowan ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱥ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱚᱱᱞᱚᱢᱟ। ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱛᱚᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ; ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱚᱢᱠᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱴ ᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ। Baddeley, 2012 Cowan, 2001

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱠᱛ ᱢᱚᱱ ᱫᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ?

ᱵᱟᱝᱟ। ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱠᱮᱱᱰ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱠᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱲᱵᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱝ। ᱛᱷᱤᱨ ᱢᱚᱱ ᱫᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱢᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱚᱠᱛ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱷᱩᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱫᱽᱞᱟᱣ ᱧᱮᱞᱟ, ᱢᱚᱱ ᱫᱮᱱ ᱚᱠᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱚᱢᱠᱟᱣ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱚᱠᱛ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟ। ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱱ ᱫᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱠᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱵᱟᱝ। Esterman et al., 2013 Dux et al., 2009

ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱧᱤᱫᱽ ᱦᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱴᱟ ᱥᱚᱢᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱷᱤᱱᱱ ᱢᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ। ᱛᱷᱤᱨ ᱢᱚᱱ ᱫᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱩᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱫᱷᱟ 200–500 ms ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱵᱨᱟ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱤᱫᱽ ᱦᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱱᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱬ ᱵᱟᱝ। Lim et al., 2010

ᱩᱢᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱫᱟ?

ᱚᱱᱞᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱨᱵᱷᱟᱵ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱢᱩᱨ-ᱡᱟᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ। ᱠᱚᱢ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱ ᱫᱮᱱ ᱩᱢᱩᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱢᱤᱠᱷᱟᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱥᱤᱠᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ। Martens et al., 2009 Dux et al., 2009

ᱵᱷᱚᱨᱚᱥᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱣᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ। ᱢᱩᱴ ᱢᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱚᱨᱚᱥᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱥᱠᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱯᱨᱵᱷᱟᱵ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱟᱹᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱷᱤᱱᱱᱛᱟ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱛᱷᱤᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱪᱚᱜᱼᱟ। ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱠᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱟᱹᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮ ᱜᱩᱬ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱞᱚ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ। Hedge et al., 2017

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱦᱚᱪᱚᱜᱼᱟ?

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱦᱟᱨ ᱢᱮ ᱡᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟ ᱛᱤᱵᱨᱟ ᱥᱩᱪᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱚᱱ ᱫᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱪᱚᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟ। ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱬ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱱᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛ ᱵᱷᱮᱫᱽ ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ, ᱜᱟᱨᱮᱱᱴᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱ ᱦᱚᱪᱚᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ। ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱥ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱬ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ। Dux et al., 2009 Martens et al., 2009

ᱟᱹᱞᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱨᱩ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱫ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱤᱵᱨᱟ, ᱢᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱵᱚᱞ ᱛᱷᱤᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱹᱯ ᱨᱤᱠᱚᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱠᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱤ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ। ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ। Raymond et al., 1992 Hedge et al., 2017