Ibimenyetso bifatika n’imibare by’ingenzi
| Ibisubizo by’icyitegererezo | Igihe cyashize | Umuvuduko ubarwa hashingiwe ku nyuguti |
|---|---|---|
| Inyuguti 150 zabazwe | amasegonda 60 | 30 WPM |
| Inyuguti 300 zabazwe | amasegonda 60 | 60 WPM |
| Inyuguti 300 zabazwe | amasegonda 30 | 120 WPM |
Izi ni ingero z’imibare ikoreshejwe, si ibipimo by’abitabiriye ubushakashatsi. Formula ni ugufata umubare w’inyuguti zabazwe ukawugabanya na 5, hanyuma ukawugabanya n’iminota yamaze. Gukoresha umubare uhamye w’inyuguti bituma inyandiko zifite impuzandengo zitandukanye z’uburebure bw’amagambo zigereranywa byoroshye kurusha kubara amagambo atandukanyijwe n’imyanya gusa. Ubushakashatsi bunini bwakorewe kuri mudasobwa zo ku meza no kuri telefoni bukoresha ubu buryo. Dhakal et al., 2018 Palin et al., 2019
Umuvuduko fatizo n’ibyanditswe neza si ibintu bimwe
Abantu babiri bashobora kwandika umubare umwe w’inyuguti, ariko hasigara inyandiko zitari zo zingana. Ubushakashatsi ku makosa butandukanya amakosa agisigaye n’ayakosowe, ndetse n’inyongera zo gukanda utubuto zakozwe mu kuyakosora. Ijanisha ry’ukuri ryerekanwa ntirishobora kubara buri kosa ryakozwe mu gihe cyo kwandika. Soukoreff et al., 2003 Soukoreff et al., 2001
Nta formula imwe rusange yo kubara WPM nyayo isigayeho amakosa. Ikizamini gishobora kubara inyandiko yandukuwe neza, gukuramo amanota bitewe n’amakosa, cyangwa kugaragaza umuvuduko n’igipimo cy’amakosa ukwacyo. Bityo rero, kugwiza WPM fatizo y’urubuga urwo ari rwo rwose n’ijanisha ry’ukuri ntibivuze ko uzabona amanota nyayo rwatanze. Soma uko urwo rubuga rusobanura amanota yarwo. Soukoreff et al., 2003 MacKenzie and Soukoreff, 2002
Ni ikihe gihe gipimwa?
Gupima guhera ku gukanda akabuto ka mbere kugeza ku ka nyuma bitandukanye no gupima igihe cyagenwe kirimo n’igihe cyo kwitegura. Itandukaniro rito mu gihe rigira ingaruka nyinshi ku bipimo bigufi cyane. Ubushakashatsi kuri telefoni busobanura neza igihe bapimye, kandi bukabara impuzandengo y’ibipimo by’interuro kuri buri muntu, aho gufata gukanda utubuto duke byihuse nk’umuvuduko ukomeza. Palin et al., 2019
Igikorwa cyo kwandika ukoresheje inyandiko watanzweho nacyo gitanga amagambo yo gukoresha. Kwandika imeyili bisaba guhitamo no gutunganya ibitekerezo, uretse kubyandika gusa. Ubushakashatsi bwa kera ku kwandika butandukanya ibice byo kubona, gutekereza no gukoresha umubiri; bityo WPM yo kwandukura ntigomba kwitwa igipimo cy’ubuziranenge bw’inyandiko cyangwa cy’akazi karangiye mu isaha. Salthouse, 1986
Ni iki kibigiraho ingaruka?
Impamvu ibisubizo bitandukana hagati y’ibizamini
Ubukomere bw’inyandiko, utwatuzo, ururimi, inyuguti zikunze gukurikirana hamwe n’uburyo bwo kwinjiza inyandiko bihindura icyo umuntu asabwa gukora. Ubushakashatsi bwakoresheje amashusho yerekana uko abantu bagenda bwabonye ko uburyo abantu bandikamo buri munsi butandukanye cyane; ubushakashatsi bunini bwakorewe kuri mudasobwa zo ku meza nabwo bwasuzumye uko utubuto dukandwa, aho gufata ko buri wese akoresha uburyo bumwe. Kugereranya imibare ibiri ya WPM utitaye kuri ibyo bintu bishobora kuyobya. Feit et al., 2016 Dhakal et al., 2018
Isano iri hagati y’imyaka cyangwa ikoreshwa ry’ururimi n’ibisubizo byo mu makuru yakusanyijwe kuri telefoni igaragaza gusa imiterere y’itsinda ry’abantu biyemeje kwitabira. Ntabwo ishyiraho ibipimo by’imyaka cyangwa igitsina ku isi hose ku bakoresha ubwoko bwose bw’udushyimbo. Gukoresha akuma gafatika gafite utubuto no gukoresha ahakora kuri telefoni ni imirimo itandukanye yo kwandika, kandi bigomba gukurikiranwa ukwabyo. Palin et al., 2019
Uko wakoresha neza iyi mibare
Komeza ukoreshe ubwoko bumwe bw’inyandiko, igihe kingana kimwe, akuma kamwe n’amategeko amwe yo gukosora amakosa igihe ugereranya amanota yawe. Kurikirana amakosa cyangwa ukuri hamwe n’umuvuduko. Ibi bihuye n’ubushakashatsi ku bipimo bushimangira ko hagomba kugaragazwa umuvuduko n’ukuri byombi, aho guhimba igipimo rusange cy’ukuri kigomba kugerwaho. Soukoreff et al., 2003 MacKenzie and Soukoreff, 2002
Ubushakashatsi ku myitozo y’abantu basanzwe bandika buhuza ubuhanga n’ubwoko bw’imyitozo abantu bavuga ko bakora, ariko ntibwizeza ko buri wese azamuka ku rugero runaka. Ibisubizo byihuse ku nyandiko wasubiyemo bishobora guterwa n’uko wayimenyereye. Kugira ngo usuzume impinduka rusange mu kwandika, koresha inyandiko nshya zisa n’izindi kandi ukoreshe uburyo bumwe bwo kubara amanota. Keith et al., 2007 Salthouse, 1986
Kubara biroroshye iyo ibipimo bisobanutse. Ibibazo by’ingenzi mu gusobanura ibisubizo ni izihe nyuguti zibarwa, igihe igipimo gitangirira n’igihe kirangirira, n’uko amakosa agaragazwa. Hatariho ibyo bisobanuro, imibare ya WPM ingana ntisobanura byanze bikunze ko abantu bakoze kimwe. Soukoreff et al., 2003 Palin et al., 2019
Gerageza ikizamini cy’ubuntu kijyanye n’iki
Ikizamini cy’umuvuduko wo kwandika kuri mudasobwa
Gerageza ikizamini cy’umuvuduko wo kwandika kuri mudasobwa, maze urebe hamwe igihe cyerekanwa, uburyo bwo kwinjiza inyandiko, umuvuduko fatizo n’ukuri. Fata uburyo bwacyo bwo kubara amanota nk’ubusobanuro bw’amanota y’icyo gihe. Komeza ibisubizo bya telefoni ikorwaho n’ibya mudasobwa ifatika bifite utubuto ukwabyo.
Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa
Imyanya hagati y’amagambo na yo irabarwa?
Uburyo bukoreshwa mu bushakashatsi bubara inyuguti, harimo n’imyanya iri mu nyandiko ipimwa. Hagomba kandi gusobanurwa neza inyandiko ibarwa n’amategeko yo gupima igihe. Dhakal et al., 2018
WPM ni umubare w’amagambo nyayo nanditse?
Akenshi si byo. Mu buryo busanzwe bwo gupima kwandika, inyuguti 5 zingana n’ijambo rimwe risanzwe, hatitawe ku burebure bw’amagambo ari mu nyandiko nyirizina. Palin et al., 2019
Kuki WPM fatizo iruta amanota ya nyuma?
Umubare w’inyuguti zanditswe n’ibyanditswe neza bishobora gutandukana. Uburyo amakosa abarwa buratandukana hagati y’ibizamini; koresha ibisobanuro by’amanota by’ikizamini aho gufata ko hari uburyo bumwe bwo kugabanya amanota. Soukoreff et al., 2003
Amasoko
- Dhakal et al. (2018). Ibyagaragaye mu nyandiko zakoreshejwemo gukanda utubuto miliyoni 136.
- Palin et al. (2019). Abantu bandika bate bakoresheje ibikoresho bigendanwa?.
- Feit et al. (2016). Uko twandika.
- Soukoreff et al. (2003). Ibipimo by’ubushakashatsi ku kwandika inyandiko.
- Soukoreff et al. (2001). Gupima amakosa mu mirimo yo kwandika inyandiko.
- MacKenzie and Soukoreff (2002). Kwandika inyandiko ku bikoresho bigendanwa: imiterere n’uburyo, inyigisho n’imikorere.
- Salthouse (1986). Ibice byo kubona, gutekereza no gukoresha umubiri mu kwandika ukoresheje inyandiko watanzweho..
- Keith et al. (2007). Uko imyitozo iteguye isobanura ubuhanga bwo kwandika bw’abantu basanzwe..