Ibimenyetso bifatika n’imibare by’ingenzi
| Ikimenyetso cyangwa amanota | Icyo bisobanura | Icyo bidashobora gusobanura |
|---|---|---|
| Itandukaniro rusange ry’amanota: 0.24 | Itandukaniro ry’impuzandengo y’amatsinda ryabonetse mu isuzuma rimwe | Umupaka wo gusuzumiraho indwara |
| Ingaruka ya 1.11 mu itsinda ripima igihe kuri buri kintu | Ubundi buryo bwo gupima ibisubizo butanga igereranya ritandukanye | Amahirwe y’umuntu ku giti cye yo kuba afite ADHD |
| Amanota yawe yo kutabangamirwa kuri interineti | Imikorere yawe muri uwo mukoro n’uburyo amanota abarwa | Isuzuma rya muganga |
Agaciro k’ingaruka katurutse ku isuzuma ryakozwe na Lansbergen na bagenzi be. Umwanzuro w’ingenzi werekeye uburyo ni uko uburyo bukunze gukoreshwa bwo kubara ingaruka zo kubangamirwa bwumva cyane uburyo ibisubizo bipimwa n’uko amanota y’ibanze akosorwa. Igereranya ry’amatsinda ntirihinduka uburyo bwo gusuzuma indwara kubera gusa ko ryabonetse rifite agaciro mu mibare. Lansbergen et al., 2007
Isuzuma ryo gusuzuma abana ryabonye iki?
Isuzuma rya Homack na Riccio risuzuma ubushobozi bwo kumenya abarwayi n’ubushobozi bwo kutibeshya ku bana n’ingimbi. Ryanzura ko ikizamini cya Stroop gifite akamaro gato mu gutandukanya ADHD n’andi matsinda y’abantu bafite ibibazo by’ubuzima. Ibi bifitanye isano itaziguye no gusuzuma indwara: umukoro ushobora kugaragaza itandukaniro ugereranyije n’impuzandengo y’abantu bazima, ariko ntugaragaze indwara isobanura igisubizo cy’umuntu umwe. Homack, 2004
Imiterere y’abapimwa na yo irakenewe. Ikizamini cy’umwana cyandikwa ku rupapuro, umukoro wo kuvuga w’umuntu mukuru n’umukino wo kuri interineti ukanda buto ntibikoresha amahame ngenderwaho cyangwa umupaka umwe. Isuzuma rya kliniki rya Stroop rigaragaza ko verisiyo n’uburyo bwo kubara amanota bitandukanye cyane. Scarpina et al., 2017
Kuki uyu mukoro utagaragaza ADHD yonyine?
Kudahuza mu kizamini cya Stroop ni ikintu kibaho mu igerageza ku bantu basanzwe basoma. Igerageza rya mbere n’isuzuma ryakurikiyeho bisobanura uko amakuru avuguruzanya y’ijambo n’ibara ahindura ibisubizo, bitabaye ngombwa ko umuntu asuzumwa indwara. Bityo, guhura n’iki kibangamira ubwabyo si ikimenyetso cy’indwara. Stroop, 1935 MacLeod, 1991
Ni iki kibigiraho ingaruka?
Kuki amanota asa n’ayasanzwe adakuraho ADHD
Impuzandengo y’amatsinda iruzuzanya, kandi ikibazo cyo gusuzuma indwara kireba amateka n’imikorere rusange by’umuntu, aho kureba gusa igisubizo cy’umukoro umwe. Kuba isesengura ry’abana rigaragaza ubushobozi buke bwo gutandukanya amatsinda, n’uko isuzuma rindi rigaragaza ko amanota aterwa cyane n’uburyo abarwa, byombi byerekana ko amanota y’ikizamini kimwe adakwiye gukoreshwa nk’igisubizo. Igisubizo nticyemeza ko ADHD ihari kandi ntikayikuraho. Homack, 2004 Lansbergen et al., 2007
Uko ikizamini cyizewe na byo bigira imbibi. Ingaruka zikomeye zigaragara mu igerageza zishobora kujyana n’amanota y’itandukaniro ku muntu ku giti cye atizewe cyane. Ubushakashatsi ku kuvuguruzanya hagati y’ingaruka n’ukwizera kw’amanota burafasha igihe cyose umukoro mugufi wo gupima ubushobozi bwo gutekereza ukoreshwa mu gufata umwanzuro ukomeye ku muntu runaka. Hedge et al., 2017
Gupima kuri interineti byongera gushidikanya
Ibikoresho n’igihe mushakisha ya interineti ibara bigira ingaruka ku gihe nyakuri cyo gusubiza, mu gihe amabwiriza y’umukoro n’amanota fatizo bigira ingaruka ku manota y’itandukaniro. Umukino ugenewe abakoresha bose ntiwihita uba ufite gihamya y’ubuziranenge bw’ikizamini cya kliniki kizwi, kubera gusa ko byombi bikoresha amagambo y’amabara avuguruzanya. Anwyl-Irvine et al., 2020 Scarpina et al., 2017
Amabwiriza mpuzamahanga yo gukoresha ibizamini ashimangira ko hakenewe gihamya y’uko ibisobanuro bigenewe gutangwa n’ikizamini bifite ishingiro, ndetse ko ikizamini gikoreshwa mu buryo bukwiye. Umwanzuro ufite akamaro mu buvuzi usaba ko ikizamini cyemezwa kuri iyo ntego no ku itsinda ry’abantu kigenewe, aho gushingira ku mbonerahamwe ishimishije cyangwa izina ry’umukoro rimenyerewe. International Test Commission, 2001
Ni ubuhe buryo bwiza bwo gukoresha iki kizamini?
Gikoreshe nk’umukoro wo kwiga ibyerekeye kubangamirwa, ugereranya umuvuduko n’ukuri kw’ibisubizo by’umukoro umwe mu bihe bisa. Niba uhangayikishijwe n’uko witondera ibintu mu buzima bwa buri munsi, amanota yo mu mukino ntakwiye kugena niba ibyo uhangayikishijwe na byo bikwiye gusuzumwa n’umuhanga. Uru rupapuro rusobanura imbibi zo gupima; ntirutanga uburyo bwo kwisuzumisha cyangwa inama zo kwivuza. Homack, 2004 International Test Commission, 2001
Nta nyandiko mu zavuzwe yemeza ko kwimenyereza uyu mukino wo muri mushakisha bivura ADHD, biyirinda cyangwa bituma abantu bagira ubwenge muri rusange. Ibisobanuro bishyigikiwe n’ubushakashatsi bigarukira ku mikorere mu mukoro runaka uhangayikisha. MacLeod, 1991 Scarpina et al., 2017
Gerageza ikizamini cy’ubuntu kijyanye n’iki
Ikizamini cya Stroop
Gerageza ikizamini cya Stroop nk’umukoro wo kwiga, usuzumire hamwe umuvuduko n’ukuri. Igisubizo cyacyo si ikizamini cyo gusuzuma ADHD, si isuzuma ry’indwara kandi ntigisimbura isuzuma rya muganga.
Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa
Ese kugira itandukaniro rinini mu kizamini cya Stroop bivuze ko mfite ADHD?
Oya. Ingaruka ku rwego rw’itsinda n’amahirwe y’umuntu ku giti cye yo gusuzumwa indwara ni ibintu bitandukanye, kandi ikizamini gifite ubushobozi buke bwo gutandukanya amatsinda y’abarwayi. Homack, 2004
Ese kubona amanota meza bishobora gukuraho ADHD?
Oya. Aya masuzuma ntashimangira ko ikoreshwa ry’iki kizamini, cyane cyane muri verisiyo yo kuri mushakisha ikoresha uburyo butandukanye, rishobora gukuraho ADHD. Homack, 2004 Scarpina et al., 2017
Ese kwimenyereza ikizamini cya Stroop bizavura ibibazo byo kwita ku bintu?
Ubushakashatsi bwavuzwe ku gusuzuma no gupima ntibugaragaza ko uyu mukino ugira akamaro mu kuvura. Lansbergen et al., 2007 Scarpina et al., 2017
Amasoko
- Lansbergen et al. (2007). Kudahuza mu kizamini cya Stroop n’indwara yo kutita ku kintu no kugira imbaraga nyinshi: isuzuma n’isesengura rusange..
- Homack (2004). Isesengura rusange ry’ubushobozi bwo kumenya no kutibeshya bw’ikizamini cy’amabara n’amagambo cya Stroop ku bana.
- Scarpina et al. (2017). Ikizamini cy’amabara n’amagambo cya Stroop.
- Stroop (1935). Ubushakashatsi ku kubangamirwa mu bisubizo by’amagambo bikurikirana..
- MacLeod (1991). Imyaka mirongo itanu y’ubushakashatsi ku ngaruka ya Stroop: isuzuma rihuza ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi..
- Hedge et al. (2017). Ikibazo cyo kwizerwa: Impamvu imikoro ikomeye yo gupima ubushobozi bwo gutekereza itatanga itandukaniro ry’abantu ku giti cyabo ryizewe.
- Anwyl-Irvine et al. (2020). Ubunyangamugayo n’ukuri bishoboka mu mbuga z’igerageza zo kuri interineti, mushakisha za interineti n’ibikoresho.
- International Test Commission (2001). Amabwiriza mpuzamahanga yo gukoresha ibizamini.