Ivyemezo nyamukuru n'imibare
| Igiharuro | Ico cerekeye | Icokwitonderwa gihambaye |
|---|---|---|
| 1.5% | Amuzia mvukanwa ijanye no kumenya uburebure bw'ijwi, hakurikijwe ingingo z'ubwo bushakashatsi | Bivana n'amategeko yo gusuzuma no gushira mu migwi |
| Abantu nka 20,000 | Ubunini bw'itsinda ry'abanje kwitabira ubushakashatsi bwo kuri internet | Si abitabiriye bose bashizwe muri buri sesengura rya nyuma |
| Ikigereranyo ca kera ca 4% | Ikigereranyo ca mbere cari gishingiye ku kigeragezo kimwe, abashakashatsi baganirako | Si igitigiri rusangi kandi kigikoreshwa mu kwisuzumisha muri iki gihe |
Inyandiko y'ubushakashatsi ku kigero c'abafise iyo ngorane ikoresha ibikorwa vyinshi bipima ubushobozi mu buryo bugaragara, hamwe n'ibibazo. Iciyumviro nyamukuru ni uko amanota mabi mu gikorwa kimwe kijanye n'umuziki adakwiye guca afatwa nk'ikimenyetso c'amuzia mvukanwa. Ubunini bw'itsinda ryakozweko ubushakashatsi ni ikigereranyo gusa, kuko uburyo abantu binjiyemwo, abakuwe mu bushakashatsi, hamwe n'imigwi yakoreshejwe mu masesengura amwe bitandukanye. Peretz et al., 2017
Amuzia mvukanwa isobanura iki ngaha?
Ubushakashatsi bwerekeye ingorane imara ubuzima bwo gutahura no gutunganya imice imwimwe y'umuziki, idashobora gusigurwa gusa n'ubumuga bwo kwumva canke ukudashobora kwiyumvira muri rusangi. Raporo ya mbere y'uwari afise iyo ngorane hamwe n'ubushakashatsi ku mugwi w'abantu bisigura ibipimo birambuye vyakozwe, aho kutita iyo ndwara kudakunda umuziki canke kuririmba bidahuye n'amajwi. Peretz et al., 2002 Ayotte et al., 2002
Montreal Battery ipima imice myinshi y'umuziki. Abayikoze hamwe na Montreal Protocol yasohotse mu nyuma bashimika ko ivyo bipimo biri mu ntambwe zo gusuzuma no gupima, atari uburyo bwo kwisuzumisha bwonyene bwo kuri internet. Urukino rwo kuri internet rupima uburebure bw'amajwi ku bakoresha ntiruhwanye ubwo nyene n'ubwo buryo. Peretz et al., 2003 Vuvan et al., 2017
Kuki kwiyita ufise iyo ngorane bishobora kuyoberanya
Abantu bakoresha imvugo ngo “kutamenya umuziki” mu buryo butandukanye. Ukwizigira, kuririmba no gutandukanya uburebure bw'amajwi si ibintu bipimwa kimwe. Ikigereranyo c'igipimo c'abafise iyo ngorane, gishingiye ku nsiguro yihariye y'ubushakashatsi, ntigishobora gukoreshwa ku muntu wese avuga ko atazi kuririmba. Ingene ubushakashatsi bwapimye ibintu vyinshi hamwe ni ngirakamaro cane kubera ko iyo mvugo ikoreshwa mu buzima bwa misi yose ifise insiguro yagutse. Peretz et al., 2017 Vuvan et al., 2017
Ni ibiki bigira ico bihinduye?
Ingorane yo kumenya uburebure bw'ijwi n'iyo kumenya umudiho ni zimwe?
Si ngombwa. Phillips-Silver na bagenzi biwe barasiguye ivyerekeye umuntu atamenya gukurikira umudiho, vyerekana ko kugorwa no gukurikira umudiho bitandukanye no kugira ingorane mu gutahura uburebure bw'amajwi y'indirimbo. Isuzuma ry'ubushakashatsi ku gukurikira umudiho na ryo rifata kumva umudiho no guhuza ingendo nk'ibikorwa bigizwe n'imice myinshi. Intege nke mu gikorwa kimwe gipimwa ntizerekana ko umuntu adashoboye mu mice yose y'umuziki. Phillips-Silver et al., 2011 Repp et al., 2013
Imyaka n'igitsina vyerekana amahirwe umuntu afise yo kugira iyo ngorane?
Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ku bagore igitigiri cari hejuru gatoyi hakurikijwe ingingo zakoreshejwe, ariko ivyo ntibishinga itegeko ryo kwisuzumisha umuntu umwe. Uburyo abantu binjiyemwo mu bushakashatsi n'ingene bashizwe mu migwi ni vyo biguma bigena ico kigereranyo. Gukoresha igiharuro kimwe ku bandi bari mu kigero gitandukanye canke ku bantu basanzwe bakoresha urubuga bisaba ibindi bimenyamenya. Peretz et al., 2017
Ni ibiki ushobora kumenya vy'ukuri biciye ku kigeragezo?
Ushobora kubona ingene wakoze ku majwi, ku mategeko yo kwishura no ku gikoresho wakoresheje. Kuguma ugorwa bishobora kuba vyiza kubisuzuma mu bindi bintu bigize ubuzima, ariko igisubizo c'ikigeragezo kigufi ntigishobora gutandukanya imvo zose zituma umuntu yihenda canke kwemeza ko iyo ngorane yamuhereye akivuka kandi izomara ubuzima. Montreal Protocol ivuga neza ko n'ibipimo vy'umuziki bimaze kumenyekana ari intambwe mu nzira yo gusuzuma. Vuvan et al., 2017
Kuba ikigeragezo cakozwe mu bushakashatsi ari ukuri ntibisigura ko gipima neza buri muntu. Ubushakashatsi bugari ku bipimo vy'inyifato n'ubwenge bwerekana igituma ingaruka iboneka ku mugwi w'abantu idasigura ko amanota yo mu kigeragezo kigufi ashobora gukoreshwa mu kugereranya abantu umwe umwe mu buryo bwizewe. Iryo hame risaba kwitonda, ariko ntirihakana ingorane umuntu agira mu bijanye n'umuziki. Hedge et al., 2017
Nta bushakashatsi bwavuzwe bwerekana ko uru rukino rukiza amuzia mvukanwa canke ko kwimenyereza gatoyi bishobora kuyikuraho. Iciyumviro ngirakamaro ni ikigereranyo c'igipimo c'abantu gisobanuwe neza, hamwe no gutahura ivyo ibipimo bitandukanye vy'umuziki bipima. Peretz et al., 2017 Vuvan et al., 2017
Gerageza ikigeragezo c'ubuntu kijanye n'iki kibazo
Ikigeragezo co kumenya amajwi y'umuziki
Gerageza ikigeragezo co kumenya amajwi y'umuziki kugira urabe ingene utandukanya uburebure bw'amajwi n'ingene usubiramwo umudiho. Mu gusigura ivyavuye, fatira ukwavyo ibice bitandukanye vy'ikigeragezo. Si uburyo bwo kwisuzumisha bwa Montreal, kandi amanota make ntiyemeza ko umuntu afise amuzia mvukanwa canke ubumuga bwo kwumva.
Ibibazo bikunda kubazwa
Kuririmba nabi bisigura ko ntamenya umuziki?
Insiguro ikoreshwa mu bushakashatsi ntishigikira ko ivyo bintu ari bimwe. Kuririmba no gutahura umuziki bisaba gupimwa mu buryo butandukanye. Vuvan et al., 2017
Igiharuro co kwizera ni 1.5% canke 4%?
Ivyo bigiharuro vyavuye ku buryo n'ibimenyamenya bitandukanye. Ubushakashatsi bunini bwerekana 1.5% hakurikijwe ingingo zabwo zahuje uburyo bwinshi, kandi buganira ku kigereranyo ca kera ca 4%. Peretz et al., 2017
Kudashobora gukurikira umudiho vyemeza ko umuntu adatahura uburebure bw'amajwi?
Oya. Ubushakashatsi ku muntu atamenya gukurikira umudiho n'ubushakashatsi ku guhuza ingendo n'umudiho bitandukanya imice itandukanye y'ukuntu umuntu akora mu muziki. Phillips-Silver et al., 2011 Repp et al., 2013
Amasoko
- Peretz et al. (2017). Ikigero c'abafise amuzia mvukanwa.
- Vuvan et al. (2017). Uburyo bwa Montreal bwo kumenya amuzia.
- Peretz et al. (2002). Amuzia mvukanwa.
- Peretz et al. (2003). Ubwoko butandukanye bw'ingorane z'umuziki.
- Ayotte et al. (2002). Amuzia mvukanwa.
- Phillips-Silver et al. (2011). Yavukiye kubyina ariko ntamenya gukurikira umudiho: Ubundi bwoko bwa amuzia mvukanwa.
- Repp et al. (2013). Guhuza kw'ibimenyetso vy'umubiri n'umuziki: Isuzuma ry'ubushakashatsi bwo mu myaka ya vuba (2006–2012).
- Hedge et al. (2017). Ikibazo c'ukwizigirwa kw'ibipimo: Igituma ibikorwa vyo gupima ubwenge bitanga ingaruka zigaragara bidatanga itandukaniro ryizewe hagati y'umuntu n'uwundi.
Vuga uru rupapuro: Ni abantu bangana iki bafise ingorane yo gutandukanya amajwi y'umuziki?. Helibrain. 2026. https://helibrain.com/rn/answers/how-common-is-tone-deafness. CC BY 4.0.
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