Mayeso a kukumbukira mawu: njira

Zimene amayezera

Kukumbukira mawu powazindikira: kusiyanitsa mawu amene anaoneka kale pamasewerowa ndi atsopano, pamene mndandanda ukukula ndipo mawu akusokonezana.

Mmene amachitira

Masewera aliwonse amasankha mawu 400 mwachisawawa kuchokera pa mndandanda wa mayina a zinthu zooneka ndi kukhudzika za chinenero cha tsambali (mndandanda wa Chingelezi: mayina a zinthu 854 olembedwa kaamba ka mayesowa). Mawu amaoneka limodzi ndi limodzi, popanda malire a nthawi. Wosewera amayankha kuti ‘Ndaona’ kapena ‘Atsopano’ (mabatani, kapena makiyi awiri a zilembo, S ndi N m’Chingelezi). Mawu 3 akaonetsedwa, liwu lililonse lotsatira limabwerezedwa ndi mwayi wa 0.5, ndipo limasankhidwa mwachisawawa kuchokera m’mawu onse amene aonetsedwa kale (osati mawu amene aonetsedwa posachedwapa); apo ayi limakhala latsopano. Zolondola kapena zolakwika zimaonetsedwa mwachidule. Kulakwitsa katatu kumathetsa masewerawo (malire: mawu 1,500). Palibe kuyeserera koyambirira. Masewerawa alibe nthawi yoikidwiratu, choncho kuchoka pa tabu sikuwathetsa.

Miyezo ya makonzedwe

Kuwerengera zotsatira

Pa liwu lililonse, yankho lenileni ndi ‘ndaona’ ngati linaoneka kale pamasewerawo, apo ayi ndi ‘atsopano’. Zotsatira = chiwerengero cha mayankho olondola musanalakwitse kachitatu; zambiri n’zabwino. Zina zimene zimawerengedwanso: mawu oonetsedwa, mawu osiyana, ndi zolakwa. Ziwerengero za kugunda ndi chenjezo labodza kapena d′ sizipezeka. Palibe kuyerekezera ndi osewera ena.

Malamulo ovomerezera mayeso ochitidwa

Yankho lenileni limawerengedwanso kuchokera pa dongosolo la mawu, choncho palibe mndandanda wa mayankho woti munthu angodalira. Liwu lililonse losapezeka pa mndandanda wa chinenerocho limapangitsa kuti masewerawo akanidwe. Mayankho operekedwa pambuyo pa kulakwitsa kwachitatu sanyalanyazidwa. Seva imamanganso masewera aliwonse kuchokera pa mbiri yaiwisi (ndi nambala yoyambitsira masewerawo ngati ilipo) ndipo imawerengera zotsatira yokha; chilichonse chimene tsamba likunena chokhudza zolondola kapena zolakwika chimanyalanyazidwa. Mbiri yosatsatira malamulo a masewerawo imakanidwa, ndipo palibe chimene chimasungidwa. Masewera osungidwa angakhale ndi zizindikiro zowunika khalidwe zomwe sizionetsedwa ndipo siziletsa zotsatira: masewera 10 kapena kuposerapo kuchokera pa adilesi imodzi ya IP, kusowa kwa ID ya mlendo, kusintha ma tabu, ndi zizindikiro za makina (msakatuli wodzichitira, liwiro losatheka, kusowa kwa zochitika zolowetsa, nthawi zokhala ngati za makina).

Kusiyana ndi ntchito yakale yoyambirira

Shepard ndi Teghtsoonian (1961) anagwiritsa ntchito manambala a 3 pa mndandanda wautali wokhazikika, ndipo anasanthula kuzindikira potengera nthawi imene inadutsa kuchokera pamene chiwerengero chinaoneka koyamba. Uwu ndi masewera opanda malire a mawu, okhala ndi mipata yosasintha, mwayi wobwereza wa 50% ndi kuyimitsidwa munthu akalakwitsa 3; choncho, zotsatira zimasakaniza kukumbukira ndi kusamala komanso mwayi wokhudzana ndi mipata imeneyo. Palibe kusanthula kotengera mipata imeneyo.

Zimene mayesowa sangathe kuyeza

Masewera amasiyana: kubwereza koyambirira pakadutsa nthawi yochepa kumapangitsa kuti masewera akhale osavuta, ndipo kulakwitsa koyambirira kumawafupikitsa. Mndandanda wa mawu umasiyana pakati pa zinenero, choncho zotsatira za zinenero zosiyana sizingayerekezereke. Kusewera kawirikawiri kumapangitsa kuti mndandandawo uzolowereke, moti mawu atsopano angaoneke ngati munawaonapo. Masewera amachitika popanda kuyang’aniridwa, alibe miyezo yoyerekezera, ndipo si mayeso a matenda.

Zinenero ndi mmene zawunikidwira

Mndandanda woyambirira wa mayina a zinthu zooneka ndi kukhudzika za tsiku ndi tsiku ulipo m’Chingelezi ndi m’zinenero zina 57 (58 zonse), ndipo unalembedwa m’chinenero chilichonse osati kumasuliridwa kuchokera pa mndandanda wa Chingelezi. Masamba a zinenero zina amagwiritsa ntchito mndandanda wa Chingelezi.