Misampha yosankha zochita: njira

Zimene amayezera

Kuchita bwino pa mitundu isanu ya zisankho: kusasinthasintha pakati pa kufotokoza kwabwino ndi koyipa, kukana kutaya nthawi kapena ndalama zomwe zinagwiritsidwa kale ntchito, kutsatira lamulo la chisankho, kuyeza kulondola kwa kudzidalira, ndi kuganiza mozama; zonsezi zimaphatikizidwa kukhala zotsatira za masewera amodzi. Sitikunena kuti pali zotsatira zokhazikika za munthu pa tsankho lililonse.

Mmene amachitira

Mafunso oyambirira 17 motsatizana, limodzi pa nthawi: magulu awiri a mafunso ofotokozedwa m’njira ziwiri (mafunso 4; kufotokoza kwabwino ndi koyipa kwa gulu lililonse kuli kutali m’ndandanda), mafunso 3 okhudza ndalama kapena nthawi zomwe zatayika kale, mafunso 3 okhudza malamulo a zisankho, mafunso 4 a kudzidalira (yankho la inde/ayi kuphatikiza kudzidalira kwa 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 kapena 100%) ndi mafunso 3 oganiza mozama (iliyonse ili ndi mayankho 4 oti musankhepo). Malangizo: sankhani yankho labwino kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso choperekedwa chokha. Palibe nthawi yoikika; wogwiritsa ntchito tsambali angabwerere m’mbuyo asanatumize mayankho; mafotokozedwe ndi mayankho olondola amaoneka pokhapokha zotsatira zitaperekedwa.

Miyezo ya makonzedwe

Kuwerengera zotsatira

Mfundo pa funso lililonse: gulu la mafunso ofotokozedwa m’njira ziwiri = 1 ngati mwasankha yankho lomwelo m’njira zonse ziwiri, apo ayi 0; mafunso okhudza zotayika kale, malamulo a zisankho ndi kuganiza mozama = 1 ngati yankho lili lolondola; funso la kudzidalira = 1 − (c/100 − lolondola)², pamene c ndi mlingo wa kudzidalira pa yankho losankhidwa ndipo lolondola = 1 kapena 0 (kuyeza kulondola kofanana ndi Brier). Zotsatira za mtundu uliwonse = avareji ya mfundo za mtunduwo. Zotsatira za masewera = round(100 × avareji ya zotsatira za mitundu isanu), choncho mtundu uliwonse uli ndi kulemera kofanana; kuyambira 0–100, ndipo zokwera ndi zabwino. Kuyerekezera ndi osewera ena kumasonyezedwa m’magulu akuluakulu.

Malamulo ovomerezera mayeso ochitidwa

Funso lililonse liyenera kukhala ndi yankho limodzi lokha, ndipo mafunso a kudzidalira ayenera kukhala ndi mlingo umodzi mwa umene waperekedwa (mafunso ena sayenera kukhala nawo); mtundu wa mafunso uyenera kufanana, apo ayi masewerawo amakanidwa. Chizindikiro cha khalidwe la ‘too_fast’ (osachepera theka la mayankho aperekedwa pasanathe 700 ms) chimasungidwa, ndipo masewera olembedwa choncho sachita nawo kuyerekezera.

Kusiyana ndi ntchito yakale yoyambirira

Mayeso a A-DMC (Bruine de Bruin et al., 2007) ali ndi magawo ataliatali okhala ndi mafunso akeake ndi njira yake yowerengera zotsatira (mwachitsanzo, kufotokoza m’njira zosiyanasiyana kumayesedwa ndi masikelo a mlingo m’zigawo zosiyana), ndipo Mayeso a Cognitive Reflection (Frederick, 2005) ali ndi mafunso atatu enieni. Mafunso onse a pano analembedwera tsamba lino; kudalirika ndi kutsimikizika kofalitsidwa kwa mayeso amenewo sikugwira ntchito pa mafunsowa.

Zimene mayesowa sangathe kuyeza

Pali mafunso ochepa pa mtundu uliwonse, choncho zotsatira za mtundu uliwonse sizodalirika, ndipo zotsatira zophatikiza zokha ndi zimene zimaperekedwa. Kuona mafotokozedwe kumapangitsa kubwereza masewerawa kukhala kosavuta. Mafunso ena amafuna kuwerengera kosavuta. Kumasulira sikunatsimikizidwe. Ndi masewera ophunzitsira, osati muyezo wotsimikizika wa luso lopanga zisankho.

Zinenero ndi mmene zawunikidwira

Yoyambirira ndi ya Chingelezi; yamasuliridwa m’zinenero zina 99 (kumasulira mothandizidwa ndi makina ndi kufufuza zokha malamulo ndi kalembedwe ka mawu; manambala, malamulo oletsa, dongosolo la mayankho oti musankhepo, mayankho olondola ndi mafotokozedwe zasungidwa mofanana ndi Chingelezi).