Kodi liwiro lolemba mawu pa mphindi limawerengedwa bwanji?

Izi ndi zitsanzo za kuwerengera, osati miyezo ya otenga nawo mbali pa kafukufuku. Njirayi ndi kugawa zilembo zowerengedwa ndi zisanu, kenako kugawa ndi nthawi ya mphindi. Kugwiritsa ntchito chiwerengero chokhazikika cha zilembo kumathandiza kuyerekezera bwino malemba okhala ndi utali wosiyanasiyana wa mawu kusiyana ndi kuwerenga mawu enieni olekanitsidwa ndi mipata. Kafukufuku wamkulu wa pa kompyuta ya pa desiki ndi wa pa foni amagwiritsa ntchito muyezo umenewu. Dhakal et al., 2018 Palin et al., 2019

Liwiro losaphatikiza zolakwa ndi zotsatira zothandiza ndi zosiyana

Anthu awiri angalembe zilembo zofanana koma n’kusiya malemba olakwika osiyanasiyana. Kafukufuku wa zolakwa amasiyanitsa zolakwa zotsalira ndi zimene zinakonzedwa, komanso kudina makiyi kowonjezera komwe kunagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza. Chiwerengero cha kulondola chimene chawonetsedwa sichitanthauza kuti chimaphatikiza zolakwa zonse zomwe zinachitika polemba. Soukoreff et al., 2003 Soukoreff et al., 2001

Palibe njira imodzi yokhazikika padziko lonse yowerengera net-WPM. Mayeso angawerenge malemba omwe alembedwa molondola, kuchotsa chiwerengero cha zilango, kapena kusonyeza liwiro limodzi ndi chiwerengero cha zolakwa chosiyana. Choncho, kuchulukitsa WPM yosaphatikiza zolakwa ya tsamba lililonse ndi chiwerengero chake cha kulondola sikutsimikizira kuti mupeza zotsatira zake zovomerezeka. Werengani tanthauzo la zotsatira limene tsambalo lapereka. Soukoreff et al., 2003 MacKenzie and Soukoreff, 2002

Ndi nthawi iti imene ikuwerengedwa?

Kuwerengera nthawi kuyambira pakudina koyamba mpaka komaliza n’kosiyana ndi kuwerengera nthawi yokhazikika yomwe imaphatikizapo kukonzekera koyambirira. Kusiyana kochepa kwa nthawi kumakhudza kwambiri zitsanzo zazifupi kwambiri. Kafukufuku wa pa foni amafotokoza momveka bwino nthawi imene ikuwerengedwa ndipo amawerengera avareji ya miyeso ya chiganizo chilichonse pa munthu aliyense, m’malo motenga kudina makiyi kochepa kofulumira ngati liwiro lokhazikika. Palin et al., 2019

Ntchito yolemba potengera mawu amene wapatsidwa imakupatsani kale zimene muyenera kulemba. Kulemba imelo kumafuna kusankha ndi kukonza zomwe munene, komanso kuzilemba. Kafukufuku wakale wa kulemba pa kiyibodi amasiyanitsa mbali zoona, kuganiza ndi kayendedwe ka thupi. Choncho, WPM ya kukopera mawu sayenera kutchedwa muyeso wa ubwino wa kulemba kapena kuchuluka kwa ntchito yomalizidwa pa ola limodzi. Salthouse, 1986

Chifukwa chimene zotsatira zimasiyanira pa mayeso osiyanasiyana

Kuvuta kwa mawu, zizindikiro zopumira, chilankhulo, mndandanda wa zilembo zomwe munthu amazidziwa bwino ndi njira yolowetsera mawu zimasintha zimene wotenga nawo mbali ayenera kuchita. Kafukufuku wogwiritsa ntchito kujambula kayendedwe ka thupi anapeza kusiyana kwakukulu pa njira zimene anthu amagwiritsa ntchito polemba tsiku ndi tsiku; kafukufuku wamkulu wa pa kompyuta ya pa desiki anafufuzanso mmene makiyi amadinidwira m’malo mongoganiza kuti aliyense amagwiritsa ntchito njira yofanana. Kuyerekezera ziwerengero ziwiri za WPM popanda kuganizira mikhalidwe imeneyi kungasocheretse. Feit et al., 2016 Dhakal et al., 2018

Ubale umene unapezeka pakati pa zaka kapena mmene anthu amagwiritsira ntchito chilankhulo ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku wa pa foni umangokhudza anthu amene anasankha kutenga nawo mbali. Sutsimikizira miyezo ya zaka kapena kugonana kwa anthu onse padziko lonse ogwiritsa ntchito kiyibodi. Kiyibodi yeniyeni ndi chophimba chokhudza ndi ntchito zosiyana zolowetsera mawu, choncho zotsatira zake ziyenera kusungidwa mosiyana. Palin et al., 2019

Mmene mungagwiritsire ntchito kuwerengeraku bwino

Mukamayerekezera zotsatira zanu, gwiritsani ntchito mtundu womwewo wa mawu, nthawi yofanana, chipangizo chomwecho ndi malamulo omwewo okonza zolakwa. Lembani zolakwa kapena kulondola pamodzi ndi liwiro. Izi zikugwirizana ndi kafukufuku wa miyeso, womwe umagogomezera kufotokoza liwiro ndi kulondola zonse ziwiri, m’malo mopanga cholinga cha kulondola chimodzi chogwira ntchito kulikonse. Soukoreff et al., 2003 MacKenzie and Soukoreff, 2002

Kafukufuku wa kuchita zinthu mobwerezabwereza kwa anthu amene amalemba tsiku ndi tsiku akusonyeza ubale pakati pa luso ndi mitundu ya machitidwe amene anthu amanena kuti amachita, koma zimenezi sizikutsimikizira kuti aliyense adzapeza chiwonjezeko china chake. Zotsatira zofulumira pa mawu omwewo obwerezedwa zingachokere pa kuzolowera mawuwo. Kuti muone kusintha kwa luso lanu lolemba pa kiyibodi lonse, gwiritsani ntchito mawu atsopano koma ofanana ndi kale komanso tanthauzo lomwelo la zotsatira. Keith et al., 2007 Salthouse, 1986

Kuwerengeraku n’kosavuta ngati mayunitsi ake amveka bwino. Mafunso ofunika ndi akuti ndi zilembo ziti zimene ziwerengedwa, nthawi imayamba ndi kutha liti, ndiponso zolakwa zikuimiridwa bwanji. Popanda mfundo zimenezi, ziwerengero zofanana za WPM sizingatanthauze ntchito yofanana. Soukoreff et al., 2003 Palin et al., 2019