Umboni wofunika ndi manambala
| Zotsatira | Mphamvu yokhazikitsidwa yophatikizidwa | Nthawi yodalirika ya 95% |
|---|---|---|
| Nyonga | 0.36 | 0.16 mpaka 0.55 |
| Kuchepa kwa kutopa | 0.35 | 0.19 mpaka 0.50 |
| Magwiridwe antchito | 0.16 | −0.04 mpaka 0.37 |
Izi ndi ziwerengero za pa Tebulo 3 zochokera ku zitsanzo 22 zodziimira paokha zochokera m’zofalitsa 19. Ndi mphamvu zoyezedwa m’njira yofanana, osati mphamvu zochuluka ndi 36% kapena zokolola zochuluka ndi 16%. Zotsatira zosiyanasiyana zinachokera ku magulu osiyana a kafukufuku, ndipo zotsatira za magwiridwe antchito zinasiyana kwambiri. Chiwerengero chimodzi chophatikizidwa sichifotokoza ntchito iliyonse. Albulescu et al., 2022
Kodi kupuma kwakanthawi kochepa kumatanthauza chiyani?
Kafukufukuyu akufotokoza zopuma zazing’ono zosapitirira mphindi 10. Zochita pa nthawi yopuma, ntchito imene munthu anali kuchita kale ndiponso mmene gulu lofananizira linali, zinali zosiyanasiyana. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti mphindi 10 ndiye nthawi yabwino koposa, kapena kuti njira ina yodziwika yogawa ntchito ndi kupuma yatsimikiziridwa kukhala yabwino kwa anthu onse. Kusanthula zinthu zimene zingasinthe zotsatira mu kafukufukuyu kuli ndi malire poyerekezera ndi zimene zingafunike popanga ndandanda yogwirizana ndi munthu aliyense. Albulescu et al., 2022
Ariga ndi Lleras anapeza kuti kusintha mwachidule komanso kawirikawiri cholinga cha ntchito ya mu labotale kungalepheretse kuchepa kwa tcheru pa kuyesa kwawo. Uwu ndi umboni wokhudza njira inayake yoyesera, osati umboni wakuti kuyang’ana mauthenga mobwerezabwereza n’chimodzimodzi ndi kupuma kobwezeretsa mphamvu. Ariga et al., 2011
Kuganizira bwino si chinthu chimodzi chokhala ndi nthawi yokhazikika
Kafukufuku wa tcheru chokhalitsa amafufuza kusintha kwa mphindi ndi mphindi ndiponso kusinthasintha kogwirizana ndi ntchito. Munthu angayambe kusinthasintha kwambiri kapena kulakwitsa zambiri popanda kufika pa nthawi inayake imene tcheru chimazimitsiratu kwa aliyense. Zotsatira zoyenera kuyeza zingakhale zolakwa, nthawi zosatchera khutu kapena kusasinthasintha kwa mayankho, osati kungoyang’ana nthawi imene munthu wakhala pansi. Esterman et al., 2013
Kodi zimakhudzidwa ndi chiyani?
Kupumula ndi mavuto obwera posintha ntchito zingachitike nthawi imodzi
Kusintha ntchito kungasiye chidwi chikadali pa ntchito yapitayo, ndipo zosokoneza zosayembekezereka zingayambitse nkhawa ngakhale anthu atayesetsa kulipirira pogwira ntchito mofulumira. Zotsatirazi sizichotsa phindu la zopuma zazing’ono; zimasonyeza kuti zomwe munthu amachita pa nthawi yopuma ndiponso mmene zinthu zilili n’zofunika. Ntchito yovuta yotsatira si yofanana yokha ndi kupumula. Leroy, 2009 Mark et al., 2008
Kodi kupuma kungalowe m’malo mwa kusagona mokwanira?
Kafukufuku wokhudza kusowa tulo wasonyeza kuti tcheru chimafooka munthu akasowa tulo, ndipo kugona pang’ono kwa nthawi yaitali kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa luso kwa nthawi yaitali. Kusanthula kwa zopuma zazing’ono sikunatsimikizire kuti kupuma pang’ono kumabwezeretsa luso limeneli kufika pa mmene limakhalira munthu atagona mokwanira. Ganizirani zopuma ndi kugona mokwanira ngati zinthu ziwiri zosiyana, m’malo moganiza kuti chimodzi chimalowa m’malo mwa china. Lim et al., 2010 Van Dongen et al., 2003
Kodi n’zotheka kuyesa chiyani?
Kukonzekera nthawi yopuma kungakhale njira yomveka yothanirana ndi kutopa, koma umboniwu sunapeze nthawi imodzi yoyenera kwa mibadwo yonse, amuna ndi akazi, ndiponso ntchito zonse. Yerekezani mmene mukumvera ndi mmene mukugwirira ntchito zimene zili zofunika. Ngakhale phindu laling’ono limene munthu akumva n’losiyana ndi phindu lotsimikiziridwa pa magwiridwe antchito. Albulescu et al., 2022
Ngati mukulemba zotsatira za masewera oyesa tcheru musanapume ndiponso mutapuma, gwiritsani ntchito ntchito ndi zipangizo zomwezo ndipo dziwani kuti zotsatira zimasinthasintha mwachibadwa. Kusiyana kwa zotsatira za munthu pa ntchito yaifupi kungakhale kosadalirika, ngakhale zotsatira za kuyesa pa gulu lonse zili zolimba. Kuti munthu wachita bwino kwambiri kachiwiri kokha sikungasonyeze kuti kusinthako kunachitika chifukwa cha nthawi yopuma, osati chifukwa chozolowera kapena kusinthasintha kwachibadwa. Hedge et al., 2017 Esterman et al., 2013
Mapeto olungama ndi akuti pali umboni wa phindu laling’ono lobwezeretsa mphamvu pa avareji, koma lonjezo lakuti nthawi yopuma iliyonse idzawonjezera tcheru kapena zokolola n’lalikulu mopitirira umboni. Umboniwu umathandiza kuyesa mosamala ndondomeko yoyenera, osati kupatsa aliyense ndandanda yofanana ya ntchito ndi kupuma. Albulescu et al., 2022
Yesani mayeso aulere okhudzana ndi zimenezi
Mayeso a nthawi yosunga chidwi
Yesani mayeso a nthawi yosunga chidwi ngati ntchito yaifupi yoyezera magwiridwe antchito. Ngati mukuyerekezera mwachisawawa magawo amene mwachita pafupi ndi nthawi zimene mumapuma, lembani zolakwa ndi kusasinthasintha kwa zotsatira komanso liwiro. Masewerawa sangathe kudziwa ndandanda yabwino yopumira kwa inu.
Mafunso ofala
Kodi d = 0.36 ikutanthauza kusintha kwa 36%?
Ayi. Ndi kusiyana kwa avareji koyezedwa m’njira yofanana, osati kusintha kwa magawo pa mphamvu kapena kuchuluka kwa ntchito. Albulescu et al., 2022
Kodi pali nthawi yabwino koposa yopumira yotsimikiziridwa?
Kusanthula uku sikunapeze nthawi imodzi yoyenera kwa aliyense. Zochita, ntchito ndi magulu a anthu zimasiyana. Albulescu et al., 2022
Kodi kupuma kungalowe m’malo mwa kugona bwino usiku?
Umboni wotchulidwa wokhudza zopuma sunatsimikizire zimenezi. Kafukufuku wa kusowa tulo akunena za kuchepa kwa luso kumene sitingaganize kuti kumatha munthu akapuma pang’ono. Lim et al., 2010 Van Dongen et al., 2003
Magwero
- Albulescu et al. (2022). "Ndipatseni kaye nthawi yopuma!" Kusanthula mwadongosolo ndi kuphatikiza kafukufuku wokhudza mphamvu ya zopuma zazing’ono pa kuwonjezera umoyo wabwino ndi magwiridwe antchito.
- Ariga et al. (2011). Kupuma pang’ono kwa maganizo komanso kosachitika kawirikawiri kumakuthandizani kuika maganizo anu pa ntchito: Kuzimitsa ndi kuyatsanso zolinga za ntchito kumalepheretsa kuchepa kwa tcheru.
- Esterman et al. (2013). Kodi muli tcheru kwambiri kapena maganizo akusochera? Kutsatira kusinthasintha kwa khalidwe ndi ubongo pa nthawi ya tcheru chokhalitsa.
- Leroy (2009). N’chifukwa chiyani zimandivuta kugwira ntchito yanga? Vuto la chidwi chotsalira pa ntchito yapitayo posintha pakati pa ntchito.
- Mark et al. (2008). Mtengo wa kusokonezedwa kwa ntchito: liwiro lowonjezeka ndi nkhawa.
- Lim et al. (2010). Kusanthula kafukufuku wambiri pa mmene kusagona kwa kanthawi kochepa kumakhudzira luso la kuzindikira zinthu..
- Van Dongen et al. (2003). Mtengo wowonjezeka wa nthawi yodikira: Zotsatira za kuchuluka kwa nthawi pa ntchito za ubongo ndi thupi, ndiponso kayendedwe ka tulo chifukwa cha kusagona mokwanira kwa nthawi yaitali ndi kusagona konse.
- Hedge et al. (2017). Chododometsa cha kudalirika: Chifukwa chimene ntchito zolimba zoyesa luso la kuzindikira sizisonyezera kusiyana kodalirika pakati pa anthu.