Umboni wofunika ndi manambala
| Umboni kapena zotsatira | Zimene zikutanthauza | Zimene sizikutanthauza |
|---|---|---|
| Kusiyana kwa zotsatira zonse kwa 0.24 | Kusiyana kwa magulu komwe kunaphatikizidwa mu ndemanga imodzi ya kafukufuku | Malire ozindikiritsira matenda |
| Zotsatira za 1.11 m’gulu la nthawi pa chinthu chilichonse | Mtundu wina wa kuyeza umapereka chiwerengero china | Mwayi wanu wokhala ndi ADHD |
| Zotsatira zanu za kusokonezedwa pa intaneti | Mmene munachitira pa ntchito imeneyo pogwiritsa ntchito njira yake yowerengera | Kuzindikiridwa ndi dokotala kuti muli ndi matenda |
Miyezo ya kukula kwa kusiyana yatengedwa mu ndemanga ya kafukufuku ya Lansbergen ndi anzake. Mfundo yaikulu yokhudza njira zake ndi yakuti njira zowerengera kusokonezedwa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kaŵirikaŵiri zimakhudzidwa ndi muyeso wa zotsatira komanso mmene zotsatira zoyambira zimakonzedwera. Kuyerekezera magulu sikukhala njira yozindikiritsira matenda chifukwa chakuti zotsatira zake zapezeka kuti ndi zofunika powerengera ziwerengero. Lansbergen et al., 2007
Kodi ndemanga ya kafukufuku wokhudza kuzindikira matenda kwa ana inapeza chiyani?
Ndemanga ya kafukufuku ya Homack ndi Riccio inayesa mmene mayesowa amatha kuzindikira anthu okhudzidwa ndi mmene angasiyanitsire amene alibe vutolo, mwa ana ndi achinyamata. Inapeza kuti mayeso a Stroop ndi othandiza pang’ono posiyanitsa ADHD ndi magulu ena a odwala. Zimenezi n’zofunika pa kuzindikira matenda: munthu angachite mosiyana ndi avareji ya anthu athanzi pa ntchito inayake, koma zimenezi sizisonyeza kuti ndi vuto liti limene likufotokoza zotsatira za munthuyo. Homack, 2004
Anthu amene akuyesedwa nawonso ndi ofunika. Mayeso a ana a pepala ndi pensulo, ntchito ya mawu ya akuluakulu ndi masewera a pa intaneti oyankhira podina batani sizigwiritsa ntchito miyezo yofananira kapena malire amodzi. Ndemanga ya mayeso a Stroop a kuchipatala ikusonyeza kuti mitundu ya mayeso ndi njira zowerengera zimasiyana kwambiri. Scarpina et al., 2017
Chifukwa chimene ntchitoyi si yozindikiritsira ADHD yokha
Kusokonezedwa kwa Stroop kumachitikanso kwa anthu wamba amene amatha kuwerenga. Kafukufuku woyambirira komanso ndemanga zotsatira zake zimafotokoza mmene mawu ndi chidziwitso cha mtundu zikatsutsana zimasinthira mmene munthu amayankhira popanda kufunikira kwa kuzindikiridwa ndi matenda. Choncho, kukumana ndi kusokonezedwa kumeneku pakokha si umboni wa matenda. Stroop, 1935 MacLeod, 1991
Kodi zimakhudzidwa ndi chiyani?
Chifukwa chimene zotsatira zooneka ngati zabwinobwino sizichotsa ADHD
Zotsatira za magulu osiyanasiyana zimadutsana, ndipo pozindikira matenda munthu ayenera kuganizira mbiri yake yonse ndi mmene amagwirira ntchito pa moyo wake, osati zotsatira za ntchito imodzi yokha. Kutha pang’ono kusiyanitsa anthu komwe kunapezeka pa kafukufuku wa ana, ndiponso kudalira kwambiri njira yowerengera pa ndemanga ina, zonsezi zikusonyeza kuti zotsatira imodzi yokha si yankho. Zotsatira zake sizitsimikizira matenda zokha, ndiponso sizitanthauza kuti matendawo palibe. Homack, 2004 Lansbergen et al., 2007
Kudalirika kumabweretsanso malire ena. Zotsatira zamphamvu zopezeka poyesa anthu ambiri zingapereke ziwerengero zosadalirika kwambiri poyerekezera kusiyana kwa munthu ndi munthu. Kafukufuku wokhudza kusiyana kumeneku pa kudalirika ndi wofunika nthawi iliyonse imene ntchito yachidule yoyesa kuganiza ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza mfundo yaikulu yokhudza munthu winawake. Hedge et al., 2017
Kuyeza pa intaneti kumawonjezera kusatsimikizika
Zipangizo ndi nthawi yoyankhira ya msakatuli zimakhudza nthawi yeniyeni yoyankhira, pomwe malangizo a ntchito ndi zotsatira zoyambira zimakhudza chiwerengero cha kusiyana. Masewera a anthu wamba sagwiritsa ntchito okha umboni wa kutsimikiziridwa kwa mayeso a kuchipatala otchulidwa dzina, ngakhale onse agwiritse ntchito mawu a mitundu yosiyana. Anwyl-Irvine et al., 2020 Scarpina et al., 2017
Malangizo apadziko lonse okhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mayeso amatsindika kufunika kwa umboni wosonyeza kuti kumasulira kwa zotsatira n’koyenera pa cholinga cha mayesowo komanso pa mmene akugwiritsidwira ntchito. Mfundo yofunika kuchipatala imafuna kuti mayesowo atsimikiziridwe kuti ndi oyenera pa ntchito ndi anthu amenewo; tchati chokongola kapena dzina lodziwika la ntchito sizokwanira. International Test Commission, 2001
Kodi mayesowa angagwiritsidwe ntchito bwanji moyenera?
Gwiritsani ntchito mayesowa kuti mufufuze za kusokonezedwa, ndi kuyerekezera liwiro ndi kulondola pa ntchito yomweyo pamene mikhalidwe ili yofanana. Ngati mukuda nkhawa ndi mmene mumaganizira pa moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku, musalole kuti zotsatira za masewera zisankhe ngati mukufunika kukayezedwa ndi katswiri. Tsambali likufotokoza malire a kuyeza; silikupereka njira yodzizindikiritsira matenda kapena malangizo a chithandizo. Homack, 2004 International Test Commission, 2001
Palibe pepala la kafukufuku limene latchulidwa pano limasonyeza kuti kuyeseza masewera a pa msakatuliwa kumachiza ADHD, kumateteza munthu kuti asakhale nayo, kapena kumapangitsa anthu kukhala anzeru kwambiri pa zinthu zonse. Kutanthauzira kothandizidwa ndi umboni kumangokhala mmene munthu wachitira pa ntchito inayake yotsutsana. MacLeod, 1991 Scarpina et al., 2017
Yesani mayeso aulere okhudzana ndi zimenezi
Mayeso a Stroop
Yesani Mayeso a Stroop ngati ntchito yophunzitsira, ndipo ganizirani liwiro limodzi ndi kulondola. Zotsatira zake si njira yowunikira ADHD, si kuzindikira matenda, ndipo sizingalowe m’malo mwa kuyezetsa kuchipatala.
Mafunso ofala
Kodi kusokonezedwa kwakukulu pa mayeso a Stroop kumatanthauza kuti ndili ndi ADHD?
Ayi. Zotsatira za gulu lonse ndi mwayi wa munthu payekha wokhala ndi matenda ndi zinthu zosiyana, ndipo mayesowa amatha pang’ono kusiyanitsa magulu a odwala. Homack, 2004
Kodi zotsatira zabwino zingasonyeze kuti ndilibe ADHD?
Ayi. Ndemanga zimenezi sizikusonyeza kuti mayesowa angagwiritsidwe ntchito motero, makamaka akapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito pa msakatuli pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyana. Homack, 2004 Scarpina et al., 2017
Kodi kuyeseza Stroop kungachize mavuto a chidwi?
Kafukufuku wotchulidwa wokhudza kuzindikira matenda ndi kuyeza kwake satsimikizira kuti masewerawa amathandiza kuchiza. Lansbergen et al., 2007 Scarpina et al., 2017
Magwero
- Lansbergen et al. (2007). Kusokonezedwa kwa Stroop ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa chidwi/kuchita zinthu mopambanitsa: Ndemanga ndi kusanthula pamodzi kwa kafukufuku..
- Homack (2004). Kusanthula pamodzi kwa mmene Mayeso a Stroop a Mitundu ndi Mawu amazindikira ana.
- Scarpina et al. (2017). Mayeso a Stroop a Mitundu ndi Mawu.
- Stroop (1935). Kafukufuku wa kusokonezedwa poyankha mawu motsatizana..
- MacLeod (1991). Theka la zaka zana la kafukufuku wokhudza zotsatira za Stroop: Ndemanga yophatikiza..
- Hedge et al. (2017). Chododometsa cha kudalirika: Chifukwa chimene ntchito zamphamvu zoyesa kuganiza sizipereka kusiyana kodalirika pakati pa anthu.
- Anwyl-Irvine et al. (2020). Kulondola ndi kufanana kwenikweni kwa nsanja zoyesera pa intaneti, asakatuli a intaneti ndi zipangizo.
- International Test Commission (2001). Malangizo apadziko lonse ogwiritsira ntchito mayeso.