Muhimman hujjoji da lambobi
| Rarrabe a cikin binciken | Ƙiyasi | Ƙa'idar ƙididdigewa da aka yi amfani da ita |
|---|---|---|
| Kewayon ƙarancin hasashen hoto | 3.9% | Jimillar VVIQ 16–32 |
| Cikakken rashin da aka bayar da rahoto | 0.8% | Jimillar VVIQ 16 |
| Hasashe mara ƙarfi ko maras bayani a cikin ƙananan kewayon | 3.1% | Jimillar VVIQ 17–32 |
Takardar ta haɗa samfura biyu na mahalarta 502. Ta gano mutane 39 a cikin faffadan kewayon ƙarancin hasashen hoto, ciki har da takwas a mafi ƙarancin jimilla. Wannan bambanci yana da muhimmanci domin faffadar ma'anar ƙarancin hasashen hoto tana bayar da yawaita daban da buƙatar cikakken rashin. Jagorancin tambayoyin a nan yana amfani da ƙananan jimloli don raunin hasashen hoto. Dance et al., 2022
Me tambayoyin ke aunawa?
Tambayoyin Ƙarfin Hasashen Gani (VVIQ) suna tambaya game da ƙwarewar gani ta kai. Aikin asali na Marks ya gabatar da ma'aunin; binciken aphantasia na baya suna amfani da shi tare da bayyanannun ƙa'idodin ƙididdigewa. Juya ma'aunin amsa yana canza ma'anar jimilla, don haka bai kamata a kwafi iyaka ba tare da duba sigar ba. MARKS, 1973 Dance et al., 2022
Rahoton kai yana da bayani game da ƙwarewa, amma bai yi daidai da aikin gwajin ji ko ma'aunin ƙwaƙwalwa kai tsaye ba. Keogh da Pearson sun yi amfani da tsarin hamayyar ido biyu don bincika hasashen ji, wanda ke nuna yadda masu bincike za su iya yin tambaya mai alaƙa da wata hanya dabam. Ma'auni ɗaya ba ya maye gurbin wani kai tsaye. Keogh et al., 2018
Shin aphantasia yana nufin rashin hasashe?
Babu irin wannan faffadar ƙarshe da ke biyo baya. Binciken ya shafi takamaiman ƙwarewar hasashen hoto, musamman hasashen gani na son rai. Rahotannin Zeman da abokan aikinsa da kuma faffadan nazarin hasashen hoto sun bambanta ƙarshen ƙarfin haske daga duk tunani, ƙirƙira ko ilimi. Mutum na iya fahimta da yin tunani kan wani yanayi ba tare da bayar da rahoton hoto na ciki mai haske ba. Zeman et al., 2015 Zeman et al., 2020 Pearson, 2019
Me ke yin tasiri a kai?
Me game da ƙwaƙwalwa da mafarki?
Dawes da abokan aikinsa sun bayyana bayanan da kansu na hasashen hoto, ƙwaƙwalwa da mafarki a cikin mutanen da ke danganta kansu da aphantasia. Waɗannan tsarin rukuni ne da ke da bambanci mai yawa, ba ƙa'idoji ba ne da kowane mutum yake da irin wannan ƙwarewar mafarki ko wahalar ƙwaƙwalwa. Hanyar aunawa da ɗaukar mahalarta sun kasance wani ɓangare na fassarar. Dawes et al., 2020
Nazarin zane na Bainbridge da abokan aikinsa ya gano bambanci tsakanin aikin ƙwaƙwalwar abu da na sarari. Ba ya goyon bayan cewa mutanen da ba su da hasashen gani ba su da ƙwaƙwalwar gani ko kuma ba za su iya wakiltar alaƙar sarari ba. Ƙwayoyin ƙwaƙwalwa daban-daban suna buƙatar auna daban. Bainbridge et al., 2021
Shin shekaru da jinsi suna ƙayyade yawaitar?
A cikin takardar yawaitar da aka haɗa, ƙididdigar mata da maza ba su bambanta a kididdiga a ƙarƙashin ma'anar da aka bincika. Wannan ba hujja ba ce ta cikakkiyar daidaito a kowace al'umma. Samfuran, shekarunsu da iyakar da aka zaɓa suna iyakance gabaɗaya; al'ummar kan layi da ta sadaukar da kai ga hasashen hoto za ta sami tsarin ɗaukar mahalarta daban. Dance et al., 2022
Me za ka iya koya da gaske daga gwajin kan layi?
Tambayoyi na iya taimakawa wajen bayyana hasashen da ka bayar da rahoto da kuma fayyace kalmomin da aka yi amfani da su a kansa. Bai kamata ya mai da ƙananan maki zuwa ganewar asali na likita ko da'awar game da basira ba. Rukunin nazarin yawaitar ayyukan bincike ne, ba ƙa'ida ta duniya ba ce ga kowane tambayoyin yanar gizo. Dance et al., 2022 MARKS, 1973
Haka kuma babu wani ƙayyadadden horo da aka tabbatar a cikin waɗannan majiyoyin da zai tabbatar da ƙirƙirar hasashen hoto mai haske a cikin wanda bai bayar da rahoto ba. Amfani na gaske shine fahimtar bambancin da iyakokin aunawa, maimakon yin alkawarin magani ko haɓakawa. Pearson, 2019 Zeman et al., 2020
Ƙididdiga na 3.9% da 0.8% suna da amfani daidai lokacin da ma'anar ke tafiya tare da su. Cire wannan ma'anar zai sa tambayoyi biyu daban-daban su bayyana a matsayin amsa ɗaya mai cin karo. Dance et al., 2022
Gwada gwajin kyauta mai alaƙa
Gwajin rashin hasashen hoto
Gwada tambayoyin aphantasia don bincika yadda kake bayyana hasashen gani na son rai. Karanta alkiblar ma'aunin sa kuma ka riƙe sakamakon a matsayin rahoton kai. Ƙididdiga da aka buga ba su tabbatar da ganewar asali ba ko kuma matsayin Helibrain na yawan jama'a.
Tambayoyin gama gari
Shin yawaitar 0.8% ne ko 3.9%?
Dukansu sun fito daga bincike ɗaya da aka haɗa amma suna amfani da ma'anoni daban-daban: cikakken rashin da aka bayar da rahoto da kuma faffadan kewayon ƙarancin hasashen hoto. Dance et al., 2022
Shin aphantasia yana nufin babu mafarki?
Babu ƙa'ida ta duniya da ke biyo baya. Nazarin yanayin fahimi ya bayar da rahoton bambanci a cikin ƙwarewar hasashen hoto da mafarki. Dawes et al., 2020
Shin raunin hasashen hoto yana nufin raunin ƙwaƙwalwar sarari?
Ba lallai ba ne. Nazarin zane ya bambanta ƙwaƙwalwar abu da ta sarari maimakon ɗaukar duk ƙwaƙwalwa a matsayin ƙwarewa ɗaya. Bainbridge et al., 2021
Majiyoyi
- Dance et al. (2022). Yawaitar aphantasia (raunin hasashen hoto) a cikin jama'a gaba ɗaya.
- MARKS (1973). BAMBANCI A HASASHEN GANI A TUNA HOTO.
- Keogh et al. (2018). Ƙwaƙwalwar makaho: Babu hasashen gani na ji a cikin aphantasia.
- Zeman et al. (2015). Rayuwa ba tare da hasashen hoto – Aphantasia na haihuwa.
- Zeman et al. (2020). Phantasia–Muhimmancin tunani na ƙarshen ƙarfin hasashen gani na tsawon rayuwa.
- Pearson (2019). Hasashen ɗan adam: ilimin kwakwalwa na fahimi na hasashen gani.
- Dawes et al. (2020). Bayanin fahimi na hasashen ji da yawa, ƙwaƙwalwa da mafarki a cikin aphantasia.
- Bainbridge et al. (2021). Auna aphantasia ta zane: Waɗanda ba su da hasashen gani suna nuna rauni a ƙwaƙwalwar abu amma ba ta sarari ba.