Bufakazi lobubalulekile netinombolo
| Simo lesibonisako | Sikhatsi semphendvulo lengiyo | Inchazelo |
|---|---|---|
| Ligama nelinki kuyafana | 500 ms | Sibonelo sesilinganiso sekucala |
| Ligama nelinki akuhambisani | 650 ms | Sibonelo sesimo lesingahambisani |
| Umehluko | 150 ms | Lokungahambisani khipha lokuhambisanako; akusilo lizinga lelinquma sifo |
Tivivinyo tekucala te-Stroop betisebentisa kuphendvula ngemlomo lokulandzelanako, kantsi letentiwa ku-inthanethi tingasebentisa kucindzetela inkinobho. Tikhatsi nemiphumela yato akufanani. Tifinyeto tetifundvo tikhombisa kutsi tinhlobo temsebenti, tilinganiso tekucala kanye netindlela tekubala kwehluka kakhulu; ngako-ke ligama lelitsi Stroop lilodvwa alikhombisi lizinga lenombolo lelivamile kubo bonkhe. Stroop, 1935 Scarpina et al., 2017
Yini leyenta kube nekuphikisana?
Kumuntfu lofundza kahle, ligama lelibhaliwe lingavusa imphendvulo lengahambisani, ngisho noma umyalelo utsi asho umbala walenki. Sifinyeto saMacLeod sihlola tinchazelo letinyenti ngalokuphazamiseka, asikunciphisi sikubeke engcondvweni yinye noma ekwehlulekeni nje kutibamba. Lomsebenti uhlola kuphikiswana lokudalwe yindlela lomise ngayo. MacLeod, 1991
Kubalulekile kwehlukanisa kubala lokungahambisani khipha lokuhambisanako nekubala lokungahambisani khipha lokungatsatsi luhlangotsi. Ligama lelihambisanako lingenta kuphendvula kusheshe, ngako kushintja simo sekucala kushintja kutsi umehluko ufaka ini. Sifinyeto semtholampilo sichaza kutsi kuhumusha luhlolo kufanele kulandzele indlela lebuye yasetjentiswa kanye nendlela yekubala imiphumela. Scarpina et al., 2017
Kungani umehluko lomncane ungasho kutsi ingcondvo yakho ingcono
Umehluko wetinombolo uncike kuzo totimbili timo letibalwako kanye nasemaphutseni ekukala. Lucwaningo lwekutsembeka lukhombisa kutsi imiphumela lesimeme yesilinganiso ingahambisana nekwehluka lokungaketsembeki emkhatsini webantfu. Umehluko lomncane kakhulu ekuhlolweni lokufishane ungabangelwa kushintjashintja, kushintja kwekunemba noma kwehluka kwesimo sekucala, hhayi kulawula lokukhetsekile ngalokujwayelekile. Hedge et al., 2017
Yini letsintsa loku?
Yini leyenta umphumela ube mkhulu noma ube mncane?
Tintfo longakhetsa kuphendvula ngato kanye nendlela lotihlanganisa ngayo nemphendvulo kunemtselela emsebentini wekuphendvula. Lucwaningo lwakudala lwekusabela ngekukhetsa lukhombisa kutsi kukhetsa emkhatsini wetintfo letinyenti nako kudla sikhatsi. Ngako-ke umdlalo we-Stroop losebentisa kugudluzwa kwemawusi kanye neluhlolo lwephepha loluphendvulwa ngemlomo kwehluka ngalokungetulu kwekubukeka kwako. Hick, 1952 Scarpina et al., 2017
Kukalwa kwesikhatsi kusiphequluli kanye nasemishinini nakho kunemtselela etikhatsini letiphelele tekuphendvula. Noma kucondzanisa timo kumshini munye kungase kususe lokunye kuphambuka lokufananako, loko akufakazeli kutsi onkhe emaphutsa ekukala ayacisha noma kutsi umehluko wetinombolo wetsembekile. Kute kufinyelelwe kuleso siphetfo, kudzingeka lucwaningo lwekukala sikhatsi kuluhlolo kanye nelwekulinganisa kwengcondvo. Anwyl-Irvine et al., 2020 Hedge et al., 2017
Kungalali kahle kungatsintsa kunaka, kodvwa kuhlatiya lokuhlanganisa tifundvo tekungalali kutfola imiphumela leyehlukene emisebentini nasetindzaweni letehlukene. Akukhombisi kutsi kunelinani lelilodwa lelicondzile le-Stroop yakho lokufanele yenyuke ngalo ngemva kwekulala kabi ebusuku. Ungaphendvuli kushintjashintja lokuvamile kube siphetfo ngempilo yakho. Lim et al., 2010
Kutsiwani ngebulwimi bunye nobe bunyenti nangekutilolonga?
Kuhlatiya lokuhlanganisa tifundvo tebantfu labadzala labakhuluma tilwimi letimbili kutfole kutsi tinsita letincane tekucala ekusebentiseni imisebenti yengcondvo azizange tihlale tikhona ngemva kwekulungisa kuchema ekushicileleni. Ngako-ke umphumela we-Stroop wemuntfu awukafakazeli inzuzo noma buhlungu bekukhuluma tilwimi letimbili. Kujwayelana nelulwimi kusabalulekile kuwucondza kahle umsebenti losebentisa emagama, kodvwa akusiso sizatfu sekunamatsela umuntfu libito lelivamile lelichaza ingcondvo yakhe. Lehtonen et al., 2018
Nawucatsanisa imiphumela yakho, gcina lulwimi, indlela yekuphendvula kanye nemitsetfo yekubala ifanana, futsi ubuke kunemba kanye nesivinini kanyekanye. Ungaphetfeli ngekutsi umehluko lomncane usho kutfutfuka uma ubangelwa kuphendvula kancane esimeni sekucala noma emaphutsa lamanyenti. Leti ticwayiso ngekukala letivela etifinyetweni tetifundvo; akusiyo indlela yekucecesha lefakazelwe. Scarpina et al., 2017 Hedge et al., 2017
Umphumela longalindzelwa ngekudlala kujwayela lomsebenti lobalulekile wekuphikisana. Bulukhuni bawo noma umphumela lomuhle akukhombisi kuhlakanipha, sifo, noma inzuzo levamile yekucecesha. MacLeod, 1991 Scarpina et al., 2017
Zama luhlolo lwamahhala loluhlobene naloku
Luhlolo lwe-Stroop
Zama luhlolo lwe-Stroop, ulandzele umyalelo lomayelana nembala walenki, bese ubuka kunemba kanye nesikhatsi. Lusebenzisa indlela yalo yekuphendvula ngekucindzetela inkinobho. Sibonelo sa-150 ms sichaza kukhipha; asisiyo imiphumela lokufanele uyifinyelele.
Imibuto lejwayelekile
Kungani ngifundza leligama ngaphandle kwekucabanga?
Ligama lelibhaliwe lingaphikisana nemphendvulo yembala lokucelwe yona kubantfu labafundza kahle. Lesifinyeto sikhuluma ngetindlela letinyenti letenta loku kuphazamiseka. MacLeod, 1991
Ingabe inhloso kutsi kungabi khona kuphazamiseka?
Umehluko losondzele ku-zero ekuhlolweni lokufishane awusho kutsi umphumela wakho ungulona lizinga lelifanele. Simo sekucala, kunemba kanye nekwetsembeka kubalulekile. Hedge et al., 2017
Ngingacatsanisa luhlolo loluphendvulwa ngemlomo nalolo lwekucindzetela inkinobho?
Indlela yekuphendvula kanye nekubala imiphumela akufani. Sebentisa kuphela imiphumela yekucatsanisa nawenta luhlobo lolufanako ncamashi. Scarpina et al., 2017
Imithombo
- MacLeod (1991). Ingxenye yekhulu leminyaka yelucwaningo ngemphumela we-Stroop: Sifinyeto lesihlanganisako..
- Scarpina et al. (2017). Luhlolo lwe-Stroop lwembala nemagama.
- Stroop (1935). Tifundvo ngekuphazamiseka ekuphendvuleni ngemlomo lokulandzelanako..
- Hedge et al. (2017). Indida yekwetsembeka: Kungani imisebenti yengcondvo lebonakalako ingakhombisi kwehluka lokutsite emkhatsini webantfu.
- Hick (1952). Ngelizinga lekwandza kwelwati.
- Anwyl-Irvine et al. (2020). Kuciniseka nekulungela lokungoko kwetinkundla tekulinga ku-inthanethi, tiphequluli kanye nemishini.
- Lim et al. (2010). Kuhlatiya lokuhlanganisa umtselela wekungalali kwesikhashana etintfweni temcondvo..
- Lehtonen et al. (2018). Ingabe kukhuluma tilwimi letimbili kuhlobene nekusebenta kancono kwemisebenti yengcondvo kubantfu labadzala? Sifinyeto lesihlanganisa tifundvo..
Caphuna leli khasi: Kungani luhlolo lwe-Stroop lulukhuni?. Helibrain. 2026. https://helibrain.com/ss/answers/why-the-stroop-effect-happens. CC BY 4.0.
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