Bufakazi lobubalulekile netinombolo
| Lokulinganiswako | Inchazelo lecondzile | Lobunye bufakazi lobudzingekako |
|---|---|---|
| Linani letilungile | Kuphumelela etintfweni letinikiwe | Bumatima betintfo nemitsetfo yekwenta luhlolo |
| Sitsembu sesikhatsi lesisetjentisiwe | Kushesha ngaphansi kwaleyo mitsetfo | Kulunga, imikhawulo yesikhatsi nebumcoka besilinganiso |
| Iphesentayili | Sikhundla uma sicatsaniswa nelicembu lelibukiswako | Emazinga etinombolo lafanele nalamele kahle |
| Imphumela yesilinganiso se-IQ | Inchazelo lelinganisiwe | Kubalwa kabusha lokucinisekisiwe nemazinga ebudzala |
Carpenter, Just naShell bahlatiya tindlela letisetjentiswa ku-Raven matrices ngekubuka umphumela, imibiko yemagama nekuhamba kwemehlo. Inchazelo yabo igcizelela kutfola lokuphindzaphindzekako nekulawula budlelwane. Lokhu kuhlatiya kwemtsetfo wemcondvo weluhlobo lweluhlolo lolwatiwako; akukucinisekisi konkhe kuphazamiseka kwemaphethini lokufanana nalo. Carpenter et al., 1990
Kungani ematikuleti avame kubitwa ngekutsi awasebentisi emagama?
Lokusemtfweni wetintfo kunganciphisa sidzingo sekwati silulumagama lesitsite, kodvwa loko akusho kutsi luhlolo alutsintseki yimitsetfo, imfundvo, lokwentiwe esikhatsini lesendlulile noma lisiko. Kubuyeketa kwaRaven kubhala kutsi emazinga etinombolo ayehlukana etimeni nangesikhatsi. Luhlolo lolungasebentisi emagama kanye nekutsi luhunyushwe ngendlela lengatsintseki lisiko kuyimibono leyehlukene. Raven, 2000
Kubuka lokubanti tebuhlakani kuphindze kutsatse imiphumela yeluhlolo njengekulinganisa lokunemandla nalokunemikhawulo, hhayi inchazelo lephelele yemuntfu. Imisebenti leyehlukene yekucabanga ingafuna lokwehlukene ekucabangeni, enkumbulweni nakulokunye. Neisser et al., 1996 Hampshire et al., 2012
Kucabanga ngematikuleti kuyafana yini ne-IQ lephelele?
Cha, akulandzeli kutsi kuyafana. Luhlolo lolubanti lungahlanganisa tinhlobo letehlukene temisebenti lusebentise nemphumela lohlanganisiwe loniketwa yincwadzi yemitsetfo yeluhlolo. Sicondziso semamaki semshicileli sikhombisa kutsi emamaki lalinganisiwe netikhawu tekucondza kusebenta ngaphansi kwendlela letsite yeluhlolo. Sivumelwano setinombolo sisodvwa asakhi indlela lenjalo yemdlalo lomusha. Pearson, 2020
Yini letsintsa loku?
Yini leshintja umphumela?
Kukhetfwa kwetintfo, bumatima, imikhawulo yesikhatsi nekuhlangabetana nalolu hlobo lwemsebenti ngaphambilini konkhe kuyatsintsa loko lokuhlolwako. Lucwaningo loluphindza luhlolo lutfola kutsi imiphumela iyakhula uma kuphindvwa kuhlolwa likhono lekucabanga, ngako kujwayela ematikuleti kungakhuphula umphumela ngaphandle kwekufakazela kukhula lokufanako emisebentini lengakajwayeleki noma kwandza kwelikhono ngalokuphelele. Scharfen et al., 2018
Emazinga ebudzala nawo abalulekile. I-IQ lejwayelekile ibekwa ku-100 ngaphakatsi kwelicembu ngalinye leminyaka; inani lelifanako lelingakalungiswa alisho kutsi imiphumela lelinganiswe ngekubuka budzala iyafana. Linani lelingakalungiswa lemntfwana noma umphumela wemuntfu lomdzala ngeke uniketwe iphesentayili ngaphandle kwendlela lefanele yekucatsanisa. Neisser et al., 1996 Pearson, 2020
Kudzinga ini kulinganisa lokuhle?
Imihlahlandlela yemhlaba yekusebentisa luhlolo ifuna bufakazi lobusekela inchazelo lehlosiwe, kwentiwa kweluhlolo ngendlela lefanele nekucondza imikhawulo yalo. Lucwaningo lwekwetsembeka lukhombisa kutsi kungani umsebenti wekucabanga lowatiwako usengakhipha imiphumela lengagucugucuka kumuntfu ngamunye. Ishadi lelibukeka kahle alitsatsi indzawo yaletimfanelo. International Test Commission, 2001 Hedge et al., 2017
Loku kubaluleke kakhulu uma kusetjentiswa umsebenti lomfisha kubeka umuntfu ligama. Tintfo letimbalwa zinika kuhlolwa lokulinganiselwe, futsi linani linye leliphelele alikwati kuchaza kutsi liphutsa libangelwe kungacondzi umtsetfo, kushesha kakhulu, kuphazamiseka noma lokunye. Kuhlatiya kwetindlela kusekela kunaka tidzingo tekusombulula kunekuchaza umuntfu ngelibhili linye. Carpenter et al., 1990
Yini lengasetjentiswa kahle ekutilolongeni?
Kusebenta ngemibuto yemaphethini kungakwenta ujwayelane naloluhlobo lwemsebenti. Bufakazi bekuphindza luhlolo busekela kuchaza lokukhula njengeligucuko lemsebenti lolinganisiwe, bese kugcinelwa tifundvo tekudlulisela likhono imishwana lebanzi. Awukho umtfombo lapha lofakazela kutsi umdlalo we-Helibrain wenta umuntfu ahlakaniphe kakhulu noma uhlola kuphelelwa ngemandla kwekucabanga. Scharfen et al., 2018 International Test Commission, 2001
Uma utibukisisa, sebenzisa luhlobo nemitsetfo yesikhatsi lefananako, bhala kutsi sewuke wahlangabetana nalomsebenti yini, futsi uchaze umphumela njengemamaki etintfweni letihloliwe. Loku kwatisako kakhulu kunekutsatsa liphesenti lelingakalungiswa njengelizinga lelengamele tebuhlakani bonkhe. Raven, 2000 International Test Commission, 2001
Zama luhlolo lwamahhala loluhlobene naloku
Luhlolo lwekucabanga ngemaphethini
Zama luhlolo lwekucabanga ngemaphethini kuze uhlole kutfola imitsetfo emaphethinini labonakalako. Fundza imiyalo yesikhatsi neyemamaki. Imphumela yalo yimphumela wemsebenti we-inthanethi; kufana kwawo nematikuleti latiwako akuwuniketi emazinga awo etinombolo noma kucinisekiswa kwasemtholampilo.
Imibuto lejwayelekile
Kucabanga ngematikuleti akutsintseki yini lisiko?
Luhlobo lwetintfo lolungasebentisi emagama aluyisusi imiphumela yendzawo. Emazinga etinombolo lashicilelwe ematikuletini ayahluka ngekuya kwetimo nangesikhatsi. Raven, 2000
Ngingaphendvula liphesenti letilungile libe yi-IQ?
Kubalwa kabusha lokucinisekisiwe lokunemazinga ebudzala lafanele kuphela lokungenta inchazelo lenjalo ifaneleke. Sivumelwano lesatiwako sesilinganiso se-IQ asisiko kubalwa kabusha lokunjalo. International Test Commission, 2001 Neisser et al., 1996
Kutilolonga kuyayitsintsa yini imiphumela yematikuleti?
Imiphumela iyakhula uma kuphindvwa kuhlolwa emakhonweni ekucabanga, ngako kufanele kubhekwe kutsi umuntfu sewuke wahlangabetana nalomsebenti yini uma kuchazwa imiphumela lephindziwe. Scharfen et al., 2018
Imithombo
- Neisser et al. (1996). Buhlakani: lokwatiwako nalokungakaziwa..
- Pearson (2020). Umbiko wekuhumusha i-WISC-V: mayelana nemamaki.
- International Test Commission (2001). Imihlahlandlela Yemhlaba Yekusebentisa Luhlolo.
- Raven (2000). Ematikuleti Lachubekako aRaven: Tingucuko nekusimama kwemasiko nesikhatsi.
- Carpenter et al. (1990). Lokukalwa luhlolo lunye lwebuhlakani: Inchazelo yemcondvo yekucubungula ku-Raven Progressive Matrices Test..
- Hampshire et al. (2012). Kwehlukanisa buhlakani bebantfu.
- Scharfen et al. (2018). Imiphumela yekuphindza kuhlolwa ematests elikhono lekucabanga: kuhlatiya lokuhlanganisiwe.
- Hedge et al. (2017). Inkinga yekwetsembeka: Kungani imisebenti yekucabanga letsembekile ingakhiphi umehluko wethembako emkhatsini webantfu.
Caphuna leli khasi: Luhlolo lwekucabanga ngemaphethini luhlolani?. Helibrain. 2026. https://helibrain.com/ss/answers/what-matrix-reasoning-measures. CC BY 4.0.
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