Bufakazi lobubalulekile netinombolo
| Inombolo | Ivela kuphi | Yini lengayifakazeli |
|---|---|---|
| Ngaphansi kwa-100 ms | Umphumela lokhulunywa ngawo | Kutsi siginali ibangele kuphendvula |
| 110 ms | Sikhatsi lesiphansi setimphendvulo kulolunye lucwaningo lwekubona | Umkhawulo wato tonkhe timphendvulo tebantfu |
| 231 ms | Silinganiso sesikhatsi sekuphendvula lokubonakalako lokulula kulolucwaningo | Umgomo noma lizinga lekucatsanisa lesiphequluli sakho |
Woods nalabo labasebenta naye basebentisa sikhatsi sesisusa lesingalindzeleki, kuvivinya ngaphambi kwesivivinyo kanye nesikhatsi lesibekiwe sekuphendvula kuze bancume kutsi ngutiphi tigameko letibalwako. Letinqumo tisisita ekulinganiseni kuphendvula kwesiginali kunekubala kuphendvula lokusheshiswe kakhulu noma lokungakafiki sikhatsi. Leli phepha liphindze lalungisa imiphumela ngekubambezeleka kwemishini, lokukhombisa kutsi kungani sikhatsi lesibhalwe yisoftware singalinganiswa nje nesigameko semtimba. Woods et al., 2015
Kuphendvula nekubiketela kutindlela letihlukene tekutiphatsa
Nangabe umcimbi lolandzelako ungabiketelwa, umnyakato ungalungiselelwa ungakenteki. Ngako-ke, kuphendvula lokusondzele esikhatsini lesilindzelwe kungacishe kuhambisane nemcimbi, kodvwa kungakacalwa ngemuva kwekuwubona. Loku akusiyo imibuto lefanako nesikhatsi sekuphendvula lokulula kusiginali lesanda kuvela, lengalindzeleki. Imiyalo yemsebenti kanye neluhlelo lwetisusa kubalulekile kuhumusha sikhatsi lesifishane kakhulu. Woods et al., 2015 Woods et al., 2015
Kuphendvula ngekukhetsa kufaka ekhatsi kukhetsa umnyakato. Lwati lwakudala lolumayelana netindlela tekukhetsa timphendvulo lukhombisa kutsi kwakheka kwemsebenti kuyasitsintsa sikhatsi sekuphendvula; sikhatsi lesiphansi lesishiwo emdlalweni lolula wekubona akukafaneli sisetjentiswe emdlalweni lofuna kutsi kukhetfwe emkhatsini wetinyatselo letinyenti. Hick, 1952
Kungani umphumela munye lomangalisako ungebona bufakazi lobucinile
Silinganiso lesisheshisa kakhulu sisemkhawulweni wemiphumela. Kuphindza umsebenti tikhatsi letinyenti kunika ematfuba lamanyenti ekutfola umphumela longakavami, kuphendvula kusengaphambili noma liphutsa lekukala. Lucwaningo lolumayelana nemiphumela lengakavami yesikhatsi sekuphendvula luchaza kutsi kungani bacwaningi babeka indlela yekuphatsa timphendvulo letedlulele kunekutsi batsatse yonkhe inombolo lekhonjisiwe njengaleyo leletsa lwati lolulinganako. Ratcliff, 1993
Yini letsintsa loku?
Bunembi bemshini abufakazeli bunembi bemtimba
Tisiphequluli tingabhala sikhatsi ngemniningwane lomkhulu, kodvwa kucaca kwesikhatsi lesibhalwako akufani nekubeka sikhatsi ngendlela lecinisekile yekucala kwesikhali lesibonakalako nekufakwa kwemininingwane. Kucatsaniswa kwetinkundla kukhombisa kokubili kwehlukana kwesikhatsi kanye nekungagucugucuki kwaso. Umphumela lonetinombolo letinyenti ngemuva kweliphuzu awusho kutsi silinganiso sakho sekuphendvula kulophawu lolubonakalako sinembile kakhulu. Anwyl-Irvine et al., 2020 Bridges et al., 2020
Futsi akulungile kusebentisa kulungiswa kwemshini lokwentiwe ngalenye indlela yekuhlola kuze kulungiswe noma kuphikise umphumela lotsite. Kulinganisa kusebenta emishinini lesuke yalinganiswa. Ngaphandle kwaloko, asati kutsi emaphutsa esikhatsi ekusetjentisweni kwemshini wakho asuka kuluphi luhlangotsi nekutsi makhulu kangakanani. Woods et al., 2015 Anwyl-Irvine et al., 2020
Kufanele wente njani ngemphumela losheshe kakhulu
Buka lonkhe luhlolo kanye nemitsetfo yalo: bekukhona yini kuphendvula ngaphambi kwesikhatsi, bekungabiketelwa yini tikhawu, futsi lenombolo bekusikhatsi lesiphansi noma silinganiso? Catsanisa silinganiso lesifanako enanini lelimisiwe lemalinge. Ungandzisi linani lemetamo bese utsatsa sikhatsi lesisha lesiphansi njengobe indlela yekuhlola ingakashintji. Lucwaningo ngelinani lemetamo lukhombisa kutsi tindlela tekulinganisa tiya ngedatha lebutiwe kanye nemibuto lebutwako. Miller, 2023 Ratcliff, 1993
Umphumela lowenteke kanye nawo awusho lokunyenti ngemkhuba wemuntfu lohlala njalo. Kufanele kuboniswe kutsi imiphumela itsembekile, ikakhulu nangabe umsebenti usetjentiselwa kubeka bantfu etigabeni. Siphetfo lesifanele kutsi kwenteke umcimbi longakavami kulomdlalo; kuze kucinisekiswe kuphendvula lokungakavami kwemuntfu, kudzingeka kukala lokulawulwako. Hedge et al., 2017
Akunasizatfu lapha sekubita umuntfu ngekutsi akakhulumi liciniso, sekumhlola kutsi unenkinga, noma sekubeka umkhawulo lolukhuni lofana kubo bonkhe bantfu. Lokubalulekile kwehlukanisa sikhatsi lesiboniswe esikrinini kanye nebufakazi bekutsi umcimbi lomusha wemiva nguye ngempela locale kuphendvula. Woods et al., 2015 Bridges et al., 2020
Zama luhlolo lwamahhala loluhlobene naloku
Luhlolo lwesikhatsi sekuphendvula
Zama luhlolo lwesikhatsi sekuphendvula, ulandzele imiyalo yalo yekulindza luphawu. Humusha lonkhe luhlolo loluphelile, kufaka ekhatsi timphendvulo letisheshe kakhulu, kunekutsatsa sikhatsi sinye lesiphansi njengobufakazi belizinga lekushesha kwekuphendvula.
Imibuto lejwayelekile
Ingabe yonkhe imiphumela lengaphansi kwa-100 ms ayenteki yini?
Le mithombo ayibeki umkhawulo lophelele wato tonkhe tinhlobo tekuphendvula. Ikhombisa kutsi kungani umphumela munye wesiphequluli ungeyibo bufakazi lobenele bekuphendvula eluphawu lolubonakalako lolungalindzeleki. Woods et al., 2015
Kungani lucwaningo lungafaki timphendvulo letisheshe kakhulu?
Lubeka tikhatsi letivumelekile tekuphendvula kuze kuncishiswe imiphumela yetigameko letingakhombisi indlela yekuphendvula lehlosiwe. Sikhatsi lesibekiwe siyehluka ngekuya kwalolucwaningo. Woods et al., 2015 Ratcliff, 1993
Ngingacatsanisa umphumela wekubona nemtsetfo wekucala emncintiswaneni?
Yebo, kuphela nangabe ucabangela umehluko esisuseni, emnyakatweni nasendleleni yekukala. Mtfeto losebenta esimeni sinye awusilo lizinga lelinganisiwe lesinye simo. Woods et al., 2015 Anwyl-Irvine et al., 2020
Imithombo
- Woods et al. (2015). Tintfo letitsintsa sikhatsi sekuphendvula lokulula.
- Woods et al. (2015). Kwehla kwekushesha ngeminyaka ekukhetseni nasekwenteni timphendvulo emsebentini wesikhatsi sekuphendvula ngekubona lofuna kukhetsa.
- Hick (1952). Ngelizinga lekutfola lwati.
- Ratcliff (1993). Tindlela tekuphatsa imiphumela lengakavami yesikhatsi sekuphendvula..
- Anwyl-Irvine et al. (2020). Bunembi lobungokoqobo betinkundla tekucwaninga nge-inthanethi, tisiphequluli kanye nemadivayisi.
- Bridges et al. (2020). Luhlolo lolukhulu lwesikhatsi: kucatsanisa tinhlobo letinyenti temathuluzi ekwakha luhlolo, laselabhu naku-inthanethi.
- Miller (2023). Bantfu labangaki? Metamo lemingaki? Kukhulisa emandla etifundvo tesikhatsi sekuphendvula.
- Hedge et al. (2017). Indida yekwetsembeka: Kungani imisebenti lecinile yekuhlola ingakhombisi umehluko wetimfanelo temuntfu wetsembeke.
Caphuna leli khasi: Kungenteka yini kutsi sikhatsi sekuphendvula kwemuntfu sibe ngaphansi kwa-100 milliseconds?. Helibrain. 2026. https://helibrain.com/ss/answers/reaction-time-under-100-ms. CC BY 4.0.
← Hlola letinye timphendvulo