Bufakazi lobubalulekile netinombolo
| Indlela yekubala kuloluhlolo lunye | Silinganiso sekuya embili | Silinganiso sekuya emuva |
|---|---|---|
| Linani lelikhulu ngekulandzela umtsetfo wekuma | 6.35 tinombolo | 4.61 tinombolo |
| Linani lelikhulu kuloluhlolo lolubanti | 6.77 tinombolo | 5.19 tinombolo |
| Silinganiso lesishintja ngekusebenta kwemphumela | 6.52 tinombolo | 4.91 tinombolo |
Itafula 6 laWoods nalabanye linika letinombolo. Tinombolo betetfulwa ngekuva, kusetjentiswa indlela yakhompyutha. Umdlalo lobonakalako loveta inombolo yonkhe usebentisa indlela leyehlukile yekwetfula nekukhumbula; ngako letinombolo akusito tindlela yekulinganisa imiphumela ye-Helibrain. Ngisho nakuloluhlolo, kushintja indlela yekubala kushintja silinganiso lesibonakalako senkhumbulo. Woods et al., 2010
Kwengeta ini kuguqula kulandzelana kwetinombolo?
Kukhumbula uye embili kudzinga kutsi ugcine tintfo kanye nendlela letilandzelana ngayo. Kukhumbula ubuye emuva kushintja indlela lokufanele uphendvule ngayo, futsi kungadzinga kulungisa noma kubuyisa lwati ngalenye indlela. Imifanekiso yekusebenta kwenkhumbulo yesikhashana ihlukanisa kugcina lwati kwesikhashana netinchubo tekulawula noma kuguqula lokugcinwe engcondvweni; ayitsatsi kutsi yonkhe imisebenti ikhombisa umkhawulo wesigubhu sinye. Baddeley, 2012 Conway et al., 2005
Loku akusho kutsi umehluko wekuya emuva nekukuya embili ulinganisa kuphela kusebenta kwengcondvo lokuphetse imisebenti. Leli phepha lelimayelana netinombolo letilandzelanako likhombisa kutsi kunemba kwekubala kuyayitsintsa lendlela yekucomba. Lisu, emaphethini emaphutsa kanye nemtsetfo wekuma konke kuyatsintsa kutsi umehluko usho ini. Woods et al., 2010
Kungani inombolo yesikhombisa ingasiwo umtsetfo wabo bonkhe?
Kukhuluma kwaMiller lokudvumile bekumayelana nelwati nekuluhlela kabusha, hhayi sicinisekiso sekutsi wonkhe umuntfu ukhumbula tinombolo letisikhombisa ncamashi. Kubuyeketa kwaCowan lokwentiwa kamuva kubuka linani lelincane letigaba telwati ngaphansi kwetimo letinciphisa kuphindza nekubeka tintfo ngemacembu. Letinchazelo tisebentisa imincele nemayunithi leyehlukene; kute lokunikeza sizatfu sekususa linani lelingaguquki kuleso naleso silinganiso sekuya embili kuze kubikelelwe lesiya emuva. Miller, 1956 Cowan, 2001
Yini letsintsa loku?
Budzala, imfundvo nendlela yekwetfula kuyabaluleka
Loluhlolo lolwakha tindlela tekulinganisa tinombolo letikhunjulwa beluhlola budzala nemfundvo, kodvwa licembu lalabadzala alisilo lizinga lekulinganisa labo bonkhe bantfu kuyo yonkhe iminyaka, tilwimi netindlela. Umehluko webudzala kulelo cembu awuqinisekisi kutsi lizinga leliboniswa siphequluli lelibala ngebudzala linembile. Tinombolo letiviwako setfulwa ngelilodwa ngelilodwa, lokwehlukile kunekubona inombolo yonkhe ngasikhathi sinye. Woods et al., 2010
Lwati lwesikhatsi lesidze lungashintja indlela umucu wetinombolo lofakwa ngayo engcondvweni. Imibhalo lemayelana nekuhlanganisa ngezigaba ichaza kutsi kuhleleka kwenta njani kutsi kulandzelana kube lula kukucindzeteleka engcondvweni, kantsi luhlolo loludvumile lwekuzilolonga kakhulu lwakhombisa kukhula lokukhulu kwekukhumbula tinombolo kusetjentiswa kuhleleka kwetikhumbuto lokufundziwe. Lemiphumela ayifakazeli kutsi tonkhe tinhlobo tenkhumbulo tikhula ngalokulinganako. Mathy et al., 2012 Ericsson et al., 1980
Ungawuchaza njani umehluko emiphumeleni yakho?
Gcina tinchazelo temisebenti yomibili kanye nemitsetfo yekubala. Umphumela lophansi wekukhumbula ubuye emuva uwodvwa awubufakazi besifo, futsi umehluko wakho lomkhulu kunalokuvamile awunakuchazwa ngekwelapha ngaphandle kwekulinganisa nemazinga lafanele. Kubuyeketa tindlela tekukala silinganiso kugcizelela kutsi kusetjentiswe tindlela letichazwe kahle nakutsatfwa tincumo ngenkhumbulo yekusebenta. Conway et al., 2005
Kuyingoti futsi kuguqulela noma ngusiphi silinganiso sibe lizinga lelitsite le-N-back. Luhlatiyo lwetifundvo letinyenti lutfola kutsi tindlela te-N-back netekulinganisa silinganiso atinakushintjashintjwa, nanobe tibitwa ngekutsi tikala inkhumbulo yekusebenta. Imphumelelo incike ekutseni lomsebenti udzinga kubona, kuvuselela noma kukhumbula njani. Redick et al., 2013
Nawulandzelela imiphumela yakho nje, qhathanisa lokuya embili nalokunye lokuya embili, bese uqhathanisa lokuya emuva nalokunye lokuya emuva ngaphansi kwetimo letifanako tekwehlukanisa tinombolo. Nangabe ushintja lisu lekubeka tintfo ngemacembu, kubhale loko. Umphumela lomuhle ungasho kutsi indlela yekusebenta ngaletintfo isisebenta kahle, hhayi kutsi inkhumbulo yonkhe seyinkhulu. Woods et al., 2010 Mathy et al., 2012
Zama luhlolo lwamahhala loluhlobene naloku
Luhlolo lwenkhumbulo yetinombolo
Zama luhlolo lwenkhumbulo yetinombolo njengemsebenti wekukhumbula lokubonakalako. Umphumela walo kufanele uchazwe ngekulandzela ticondziso talo; akusiyo indlela yekuva tinombolo bese utikhumbula uye embili ubuye emuva lekhonjiswe etafuleni. Ungawusebentisi umehluko loshicilelwe njengemgomo wekuhlola kugula.
Imibuto lejwayelekile
Ngabe umehluko lolindzelekile utinombolo letimbili ncamashi?
Cha. Umehluko wesilinganiso sendlela yekubala yesintfu kuloluhlolo bekungu-1.74 wetinombolo, kantsi letinye tindlela tekubala taveta umehluko lowehlukile. Loku akusiwo umtsetfo wakho. Woods et al., 2010
Kungenteka yini kutsi ukhumbule tinombolo letinyenti nawubuyela emuva?
Imiphumela nemasu emuntfu ngamunye kungahluka. Silinganiso selicembu asisho kutsi kufanele kube neluhlelo lolufanako njalo uma luhlolo lentiwa. Woods et al., 2010
Ngingasiguqula yini silinganiso setinombolo sibe yi-N-back?
Kute indlela yekuguqula levunywe ngulemithombo; lemisebenti ayisiyo tindlela tekukala letingashintjwa. Redick et al., 2013
Imithombo
- Woods et al. (2010). Kwenta kuhlolwa kwekukhumbula emagama kwesikhashana ngetinombolo letilandzelanako kube ncono.
- Cowan (2001). Inombolo yemilingo 4 enkumbulweni yesikhashana: Kubuyeketwa kwemandla ekugcina kwengcondvo.
- Miller (1956). Inombolo yemlingo yesikhombisa, kuhlanganise nekususa noma kwengeta lokubili: Eminye imincele yemandla etfu ekucubungula lwati..
- Baddeley (2012). Inkumbulo yekusebenta: Imibono, imifanekiso, kanye netindzaba letisaphikiswana ngato.
- Conway et al. (2005). Imisebenti yekulinganisa inkumbulo yekusebenta: Kubuyeketwa kwendlela yekucwaninga kanye nencwadzi yekuyisebentisa.
- Redick et al. (2013). Tilinganiso letiyinkimbinkimbi kanye netindlela te-N-back tekukala inkumbulo yekusebenta: Luhlatiyo lwetifundvo letinyenti.
- Ericsson et al. (1980). Kutfola likhono lenkhumbulo.
- Mathy et al. (2012). Yini leyenta tinombolo temlingo tibe temlingo? Kuhlanganisa ngezigaba nekucindzeteleka kwelwati enkumbulweni yesikhashana.
Caphuna leli khasi: Kungani kuvamise kutsi silinganiso setinombolo letikhunjulwa ubuye emuva sibe sifishane kunaleso lesikhunjulwa uye embili?. Helibrain. 2026. https://helibrain.com/ss/answers/forward-vs-backward-digit-span. CC BY 4.0.
← Hlola letinye timphendvulo