Bufakazi lobubalulekile netinombolo
| Sici | Luhlolo lwenkhumbulo yetinombolo ngekuva | Umdlalo wetinombolo letibonakala tonkhe ngasikhatsi sinye |
|---|---|---|
| Lokufakako | Tinombolo letikhulunywako letiniketwa tilandzelana | Tinombolo letibonakala esikrinini |
| Ematfuba ekuhlanganisa | Ancika ekutfoleni sikhatsi nawukhuluma nasu lelisetjentiswako | Kungaba nekuhlanganiswa kwetintfo letibonakalako etindzaweni letitsite |
| Inchazelo yemphumela | Idzinga imitsetfo yalolo lucwaningo yekukhumbula neyekumisa | Idzinga imitsetfo yalowo mdlalo |
| Kuguqulela ngco | Akukasungulwa | Akukasungulwa |
Leluhlolo lwekuva lwafaka bantfu labadzala labangu-763 emphakatsini, labaneminyaka lengu-18–65. Silinganiso sendlela yesintfu yekubuyisela tinombolo ngekuya phambili besingu-6.35, kodvwa silinganiso senombolo lenkhulu lebebayifinyelele eluhlolweni lolugcwele besingu-6.77. Lo mehluko kulolucwaningo lodvwa ukhombisa kutsi kungani silinganiso lesishicilelwe kufanele sichaze kutsi sibalwe njani. Woods et al., 2010
Kungani kushintja indlela yekuniketa kwenta umsebenti wehluke
Imibono yenkhumbulo yekusebenta yehlukanisa tindlela tekumelela nekulawula lwati, lokufaka ekhatsi tincenye temagama netetintfo letibonakalako etindzaweni letitsite. Tinombolo letibhaliwe tingaphindze tiguculwe engcondvweni tibe ngemagama, ngako umehluko awulula njengokusho kutsi lenye yinkhumbulo lebonakalako kuphela bese lenye yinkhumbulo yekuva kuphela. Indlela lwati lolwetfulwa ngayo naloko umuntfu lakwentako ngalo kokubili kubalulekile. Baddeley, 2012
Kubona luluhlu lonkhe ngasikhatsi sinye kungenta kuhleleka kwalo kubonakale, kuze luhlanganiswe. Lucwaningo lwekuhlanganisa luhlola kutsi timphindzaphindza letikhona titsikameta njani luluhlu lube lufishane; inzuzo letfolakalako iphathelene nendlela lwati loluhlelwe ngayo engcondvweni, hhayi nje linani letimpawu letingakahlutwa. Lusuku lolwetayelekile nome indlela letsite ingakhunjulwa ngendlela leyehlukile etinombolweni letingahlobene. Mathy et al., 2012 Miller, 1956
Umphumela lophakeme etinombolweni letibonakalako ukhombisa inkumbulo lencono yini?
Ukhombisa loko kuphela kulowo msebenti nangaphansi kwetimo letihloliwe. Kucatsanisa kubuye kushintje sikhatsi sekubuka, ematfuba ekuphindzaphindza engcondvweni, indlela yekuphendvula kanye nemitsetfo yekumisa. Lucwaningo lwendlela yekulinganisa budze benkhumbulo lugcizelela kutsi lemininingwane iyawutsintsa umphumela. Umphumela loncono kulenye indlela awusho ngokuzenzakalela kutsi umphumela wakho utawuba ncono kuyo yonkhe imisebenti yenkhumbulo yekusebenta. Conway et al., 2005
Yini letsintsa loku?
Kungani emandla enkumbulo lashicilelwe angabonakala angahambisani
Indlela yaCowan yemandla lalinganiselwe imayelana nemacembu elwati ngaphansi kwetimo letihloselwe kunciphisa kuphindzaphindza engcondvweni kanye nekusebentisa inkumbulo yesikhatsi lesidze. Luhlolo lolujwayelekile lwenkhumbulo yetinombolo lungazuza kuloku kanye kanye. Ngako kucatsanisa silinganiso semacembu elwati nesibalo setinombolo letingakahlanganiswa kuhlanganisa emayunithi lahlukene kanye nemigomo leyehlukene yeluhlolo. Cowan, 2001
Kucecesha kakhulu kusebentisa tindlela tekusita inkumbulo kuniketa sibonelo lesimangalisako: umhlanganyeli loceceshiwe wafundza kukhumbula luhlu lwetinombolo loludze kakhulu ngekusebentisa lwati loluhlelwe kahle, kodvwa lelikhono alizange lidlulele ngalokulinganako elwatini lolungahlobene. Loku kukhombisa likhono lelitfolakele, hhayi bufakazi bekutsi yonkhe inkumbulo yesikhatsi lesifishane yakhula yalingana nesibalo setinombolo letikhonjisiwe. Ericsson et al., 1980
Kutsiwani ngemazinga eminyaka nebulili?
Emazinga kufanele ahambisane nendlela yekuniketa, sikhatsi, lulwimi, indlela yekulandzelanisa timphendvulo kanye nendlela yekubala. Luhlolo lwebantfu labadzala lwekuva alunikezi indlela yekuguqulela lebonakalako lelungiswe ngeminyaka nobe bulili yemdlalo wesiphequluli. Kusebentisa silinganiso salo kuyo yonkhe imidlalo eku-inthanethi kungaphendvula inchubomgomo lebalulekile yelucwaningo ibe lizinga lelidukisako lekubeka umuntfu. Woods et al., 2010 Conway et al., 2005
Lesicwayiso siphindze sisebente nakweminye imisebenti yetinombolo: kuhlatiya kuhlanganisa lokutfolwe lucwaningo kukhombisa kutsi luhlolo lwebudze benkhumbulo kanye nelwe-n-back luhlangana kancane kuphela, futsi alunakusetjentiswa esikhundleni salomunye. Ngako umphumela lophakeme wenkhumbulo yetinombolo letibonakalako awusilo lizinga le-n-back lelisungulwe lucwaningo, futsi awusiso silinganiso se-IQ. Redick et al., 2013
Kute utibukele, gcina indlela ngayinye iyodvwa, usebentise sikhatsi lesifanako sekubuka nemitsetfo yekuphendvula, futsi uphawule kutsi uyatiphindzaphindza yini tinombolo engcondvweni nobe uyatihlanganisa. Loku kungenta kucatsanisa kwakho kucondzeke kancono, kodvwa akusunguli emazinga emiphumela emele bonkhe bantfu nobe kuhlolwa lokuvunywe tekwelashwa. Woods et al., 2010 Mathy et al., 2012
Zama luhlolo lwamahhala loluhlobene naloku
Luhlolo lwenkhumbulo yetinombolo
Tama luhlolo lwenkhumbulo yetinombolo letibonakalako, bese ubhala umphumela njengemphumela walowo msebenti. Nangabe usebentisa neluhlolo lwenkhumbulo yetinombolo ngekuva, bhala umphumela walo eceleni. Gwema kucatsanisa imphumelelo lendze kakhulu yalenye indlela nesilinganiso senye indlela nobe nemphumela wayo lotfolwe ngekusebentisa umtsetfo wekutsi kumiswe nini.
Imibuto lejwayelekile
Imiphumela yekuva neyekubona kufanele ifane yini?
Le mithombo ayikakusekeli loko njengalokulindzelekile. Indlela yekwetfula lwati, lisu kanye nekubala kungahluka. Woods et al., 2010 Baddeley, 2012
Tinombolo letibonakalako tingasebentisa inkumbulo yemagama yini?
Yebo. Bantfu bangagucula lwati lolubhaliwe engcondvweni lube ngemagama; indlela yekwetfula lwati ayicinisekisi kutsi yinye kuphela indlela yenkumbulo letawufaka sandla. Baddeley, 2012
Ikhona yini indlela lencono yekuhlola i-IQ?
Loku kungadzinga kuhlolwa lokufanele lokusekelwe ebufakazini. Umphumela loncono ngendlela letsite awusho kutsi umuntfu unekhono lekuhlakanipha lelivamile lelingetulu. Conway et al., 2005
Imithombo
- Woods et al. (2010). Kutfutfukisa kuhlolwa kwenkhumbulo yemagama yesikhatsi lesifishane ngekusebentisa luhlolo lwenkhumbulo yetinombolo.
- Cowan (2001). Inombolo yemilingo 4 enkumbulweni yesikhatsi lesifishane: kucabangisisa kabusha ngamandla ekugcina lwati engcondvweni.
- Miller (1956). Inombolo yemilingo 7, kwengeta nobe kunciphisa 2: imikhawulo yekwati kwetfu kucubungula lwati.
- Baddeley (2012). Inkumbulo yekusebenta: imibono, tinhlobo kanye netinkinga letisachubeka.
- Conway et al. (2005). Imisebenti yekuhlola budze benkhumbulo yekusebenta: kubuyeketwa kwendlela kanye nesiqondiso sekuyisebentisa.
- Redick et al. (2013). Kulinganisa kwenkumbulo yekusebenta ngemisebenti lebanti kanye neye-n-back: kuhlatiya lokuhlanganisiwe.
- Ericsson et al. (1980). Kutfola likhono lenkumbulo.
- Mathy et al. (2012). Yini leyenta tinombolo temilingo tibe temlingo? Kuhlanganisa nekufishanisa lwati enkumbulweni yesikhatsi lesifishane.
Caphuna leli khasi: Luhlolo lwenkhumbulo yetinombolo ngekuva luyafana yini nenkhumbulo yetinombolo lotibonako?. Helibrain. 2026. https://helibrain.com/ss/answers/auditory-vs-visual-digit-span. CC BY 4.0.
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