Ivyemezo nyamukuru n'imibare
| Igikorwa casohowe | Abacitabiriye | Impuzandengo y'umwanya wapimwe |
|---|---|---|
| Kwishura ku kimenyetso kiboneka mu buryo bworoshe, Woods igerageza rya 1 | Abantu bakuru 1,469, imyaka 18–65 | 231 ms |
| Kwishura ku kimenyetso kiboneka bisaba guhitamwo, Woods igerageza rya 1 | Abantu bakuru 1,466, imyaka 18–65 | 550 ms |
| Igikorwa co guhitamwo, umurwi w'imyaka 18–24 | Abantu 86 | 472 ms |
| Igikorwa co guhitamwo, umurwi w'imyaka 59–65 | Abantu 246 | 590 ms |
Imibare y'igikorwa coroshe iri mu ncamake y'abacitabiriye; imigwi y'imyaka n'impuzandengo vy'igikorwa co guhitamwo biri mu mbonerahamwe ya 2. Ubwo bushakashatsi bwakorewe mu rwego rumwe rw'ubushakashatsi, ariko bwakoresheje ibimenyetso n'ibisabwa bitandukanye. Gukuramwo impuzandengo rusangi ni ukubara gusa kugira ngo hagaragazwe itandukaniro, si ugupima neza umwanya ukoreshwa n'intambwe imwe y'ugutunganya amakuru mu bwenge. Woods n'abandi, 2015 Woods n'abandi, 2015
Ni igiki gihinduka iyo hiyongereye uguhitamwo?
Mu gikorwa coroshe, uwucitabira ashobora kwitegurira gukora uko kumwe imbere y'uko ikimenyetso cose kigaragara. Igikorwa co guhitamwo gisaba kumenya icagaragaye no kugihuza n'ico umuntu akora. Ivyagezwe n'ubushakashatsi bwa kera bwa Hick na Hyman vyerekana isano iri hagati y'umwanya wo kwishura n'amakuru ari mu mahitamwo, harimwo igitigiri c'ibimenyetso bishoboka n'ukuntu bishoboka. Hick, 1952 Hyman, 1953
Ni co gituma umuntu ashobora kwishura ningoga abonye umuco, ariko agafata umwanya urenze kugira ngo ahitemwo igikorwa kibereye mu rukino. Ivyo ntibivuguruzanya: ivyo bikorwa bibaza ibibazo bitandukanye. Igikorwa co guhitamwo co muri laboratwari na co kiragena amahitamwo aboneka, ariko umukino wo mu buzima canke ukugendesha umuduga ntibishobora gushirwa mu gipimo kimwe rusangi c'umwanya wo kwishura. Woods n'abandi, 2015
imyaka n'igitsina bikwiye gusigurwa gute?
Imibare y'imigwi y'imyaka iri hejuru iva ku bantu bapimwe rimwe, ntiva ku gukurikirana abantu bamwe nyene mu myaka mirongo. Igaragaza uko ico gikorwa cari giteye, ariko ntishobora kuvuga uko amanota y'umuntu umwe azohinduka buri mwaka. Vyongeye, ntigaragaza ibipimo vy'amanota y'abakoresha urubuga bigenewe imyaka kanaka canke ugukosora amanota kw'igitsina. Ivyo vyosaba gukoresha uburyo bumwe bw'igerageza n'ibipimo vyabugenewe. Woods n'abandi, 2015 Woods n'abandi, 2015
Ni ibiki bigira ico bihinduye?
Gutanga amanota birimwo amakosa hamwe n'umuvuduko
Kwihutira kwishura ata kwiyumvira birashobora kugabanya umwanya wo kwishura ariko bikongera amakosa. Ni co gituma igikorwa co guhitamwo gitegerezwa gusigura inyishu ibarwa ko ari yo, inyishu itatanzwe canke inyishu yatanzwe hakiri kare. Umwanya mpuzandengo w'inyishu zibereye ntushobora gusigurwa atarimbuwe nimba ukuri kw'inyishu na kwo kwahindutse. Ubushakashatsi bwa Woods ku gikorwa co guhitamwo buratanga ingaruka zitandukanye, aho gufata umwanya wo kwishura nk'aho ari wo wonyene werekana uko umuntu yakoze. Woods n'abandi, 2015
Inyishu zitinda canke zihuta cane n'ukuntu inyishu z'igerageza zabuze zifatwa na vyo birashobora guhindura incamake y'amanota. Uburyo bwo gufata amanota adasanzwe ni igice c'insobanuro y'amanota; imbuga zibiri zikoresha amategeko atandukanye zirashobora gutanga imibare itandukanye ku myifato isa. Ratcliff, 1993
Ni kubera iki ibipimo vyo kuri internet bitandukanye n'ivyo mu mbonerahamwe?
Ibikoresho vyerekana amashusho, ibikoresho vyinjiza inyishu na porogarama z'ivyuma bifise umwanya w'inyongera n'ihindagurika mu gupima umwanya. Ubushakashatsi bwo kubigereranya bwerekana ko ibimenyetso vy'umwanya bipimwa neza na porogarama bitakuraho ayo matandukaniro. Kugereranya igikorwa co guhitamwo ukoresheje telefone n'igikorwa coroshe ukoresheje imbeba bivanze uguhitamwo inyishu n'itandukaniro ry'ibikoresho n'uko umuntu avyifashisha. Anwyl-Irvine n'abandi, 2020 Bridges n'abandi, 2020
Kugira ngo ugereranye mu buryo bufasha, gumiza ibikoresho ari bimwe kandi usome amabwirizwa y'ivyo bikorwa vyompi. Witege ko itandukaniro rihinduka bivanye n'igikorwa, aho gufata kimwe muri ivyo bipimo nk'igipimo rusangi c'umuvuduko. Ubushakashatsi ku vyizerwa vy'ibipimo buributsa kandi ko itandukaniro rinini riboneka ku mpuzandengo y'igikorwa ritaca risobanura ko itandukaniro ry'amanota y'umuntu umwe ari ikintu kidahinduka. Hedge n'abandi, 2017
Kwimenyereza bishobora gutuma guhuza ikimenyetso n'inyishu bimenyera. Ivyo bishobora kuba ukwiga koko ico gikorwa, ariko ntivyerekana ko ubushobozi rusangi bwo gufata ingingo bwateye imbere. Ico ibisubizo vya siyansi bifasha kumenya ni uko umuntu yakoze neza kurushiriza ku gikorwa gisobanuwe neza, amakosa n'ibisabwa vyaco na vyo bikagumizwa mu biharuro. Woods n'abandi, 2015 Hick, 1952
Gerageza ikigeragezo c'ubuntu kijanye n'iki kibazo
Ikigeragezo c'umwanya wo kwishura
Tangura n'ikigeragezo c'umwanya wo kwishura kugira ngo ubone igikorwa gisaba kwishura mu buryo bworoshe. Nimba ugerageje kandi ikigeragezo co guhitamwo, nka Stroop, banza ugereranye amabwirizwa yaco n'ivyo gisaba ku bijanye n'inyishu z'ukuri, imbere yo kugereranya ibihe. Iryo tandukaniro si igipimo cemewe c'ubwenge bwawe canke ubushobozi bwawe bwo gufata ingingo.
Ibibazo bikunda kubazwa
Ni igikorwa ikihe gisa cane n'ivyo mu mikino yo kuri orodinateri?
Imikino yo kuri orodinateri akenshi isaba guhitamwo, guteganya no kugendagenda. Igikorwa co guhitamwo kigizwe neza gipima umuce umwe gusa, ariko nta na kimwe muri ivyo bikorwa ari ikigeragezo cuzuye c'uko umuntu akina. Woods n'abandi, 2015
Kwongera incuro zibiri amahitamwo vyoba vyongera incuro zibiri umwanya wo kwishura?
Ivyavuye mu bushakashatsi bwa kera vyerekeye amakuru ari mu mahitamwo, si itegeko rusangi rivuga ko umwanya wiyongera incuro zibiri. Uko ikimenyetso gihuzwa n'inyishu, amahirwe n'imiterere y'igikorwa birahambaye. Hick, 1952 Hyman, 1953
Noba nokuramwo amanota yanje kugira ngo menye umwanya wo kwiyumvira?
Gukuramwo amanota birimwo itandukaniro ry'ibikorwa n'iry'uburyo bwo gupima, kiretse ivyo vyose vyagenzuwe n'uburyo bw'igerageza. Ntibica biba igipimo co gutunganya amakuru mu ntambwe imwe yonyene. Woods n'abandi, 2015 Anwyl-Irvine n'abandi, 2020
Amasoko
- Woods n'abandi (2015). Ibintu bigira ico bihinduye ku mwanya wo kwishura mu buryo bworoshe.
- Woods n'abandi (2015). Guteba gufitaniye isano n'imyaka mu guhitamwo no gutanga inyishu mu gikorwa co kwishura ku bimenyetso biboneka.
- Hick (1952). Ku rugero rwo kwunguka amakuru.
- Hyman (1953). Amakuru y'ikimenyetso nk'ikintu kigena umwanya wo kwishura.
- Ratcliff (1993). Uburyo bwo gufata amanota adasanzwe mu gupima umwanya wo kwishura.
- Anwyl-Irvine n'abandi (2020). Ukuri n'ubunogore bw'ibipimo vy'igerageza ryo kuri internet, ibiyunguruzo vya internet n'ivyuma.
- Bridges n'abandi (2020). Ubushakashatsi bunini ku bipimo vy'igihe: kugereranya porogarama zitandukanye z'igerageza, izo muri laboratwari n'izo kuri internet.
- Hedge n'abandi (2017). Igihushane c'ukwizigirwa kw'ibipimo: igituma ibikorwa bikomeye vyo gupima ubwonko bidatanga itandukaniro ry'umuntu ku wundi ryizigirwa.
Vuga uru rupapuro: Itandukaniro riri hagati y'umwanya wo kwishura mu buryo bworoshe n'uw'uguhitamwo ni irihe?. Helibrain. 2026. https://helibrain.com/rn/answers/simple-vs-choice-reaction-time. CC BY 4.0.
← Raba izindi nyishu