Ivyemezo nyamukuru n'imibare
| Ico bapimye | Ico gipimo kirimwo | Igituma bitandukanye |
|---|---|---|
| Igihe gishika umuntu asubiye ku gikorwa | Harimwo ibikorwa n’ingingo yafashe hagati aho | Si igihe cose yamaze adashobora kwitunira |
| Igihe co gusubira ku gikorwa | Igihe bisaba kugira atangure kandi amaze guhagarikwa | Bivana n’igikorwa be n’ukwibuka intumbero |
| Ivyiyumviro bisigara ku kindi gikorwa | Ibisigarana n’igikorwa ca mbere | Bishobora kugira ico bihinduye ku musaruro ata gihe ntarengwa |
Ubushakashatsi bwo aho abantu bakorera burimbura ukuntu ibikorwa bitunganijwe, ntibupima igihe umubiri w’umuntu wese umara usubira mu buryo bumwe. Umuntu yoshobora kubanza gukora ibindi bikorwa imbere yo gusubira ku cari camuhagaritse. Kwita ico gihe cose gishize igihe umuntu yamaze adashobora kwitunira ku gikorwa bihindura ico abashakashatsi bapimye. Mark et al., 2005
Ubushakashatsi bwo muri laboratwari bwerekana iki ku gusubira ku gikorwa?
Trafton na bagenzi biwe bagereranije guhagarikwa kw’igitaraganya n’ukubanza kuburirwa, bigatuma habaho amasegonda umunani imbere y’uko guhagarikwa gutangura. Abaronse imburizi bariteguye kuruta abandi kandi basubira ku gikorwa ningoga. Ivyo vyerekana ko kwitegurira igikorwa co muri kazoza no kwibuka intumbero ya mbere bishobora kugira uruhara; ntivyerekana ko hari igihe kimwe abantu bose bamara basubira mu buryo. Trafton et al., 2003
Iciyumviro ca Altmann na Trafton kirasigura ingene gukora no gusubira kwibuka intumbero bishobora kugira ico bihinduye ku gutangura igikorwa. Igerageza rya Leroy ryo risuzuma ivyiyumviro bisigara ku gikorwa igihe umuntu ava ku gikorwa atarangije. Ivyo bisobanuro vyerekeye ibintu bifitaniye isano ariko bitandukanye; rero ibipimo vyavyo ntibikwiye guteranywa ngo bivemwo umubare umwe w’iminota ukora kuri bose. Altmann et al., 2002 Leroy, 2009
Abantu barashobora kugabanya ingaruka z’uguhagarikwa?
Mu igerageza rya Mark na bagenzi biwe, abahagaritswe barangije ibikorwa ningoga kuruta abandi kandi ubuziranenge bw’ivyo bakoze ntibwahindutse, ariko bavuze ko bari bafise umuhagararo, ishavu, kwumva ko umwanya ubaheranye n’akigoro vyinshi. Gutyo, kurangiza ningoga ntivyerekanye ko guhagarikwa ata ngaruka bifise. Ico ni ikindi gituma igipimo kimwe c’umusaruro kidatanga ishusho yose. Mark et al., 2008
Ni ibiki bigira ico bihinduye?
Akaruhuko kose kaba kangana n’uguhagarikwa?
Oya. Akaruhuko umuntu yateguye no gusabwa giturumbuka gukora ikindi gikorwa birashobora kuba bifise intumbero n’ibisabwa bitandukanye. Isesengura ry’ubushakashatsi ku turuhuko tugufi ryasanze inyungu nto ku kugira inguvu no kugabanya umunaniro, ariko ingaruka rusangi ku musaruro ntizizwi neza. Ntiryemeza ko uguhagarikwa kwose gusubiza umuntu agatege canke ko akaruko kose gasaba ikiguzi kimwe co guhindura igikorwa. Albulescu et al., 2022
Kwitunira ku kintu igihe kirekire na vyo birahindagurika uko igihe kigenda. Ubushakashatsi kuri izo mpinduka ntibusobanura ko umuntu aba yituniye neza rwose canke ko adashobora gukora ikintu mu kiringo kimwe gitegekanijwe. Igikorwa nyaco n’ico bapima ku musaruro biracari ngirakamaro. Esterman et al., 2013
Ni ibiki ushobora guhindura mu buryo bushoboka?
Igihe uko ibintu vyifashe bibikwemerera, gusiga ikimenyetso gisobanutse c’intambwe ikurikira birahuye n’ivyavuye mu bushakashatsi bwo gusubira ku gikorwa. Ibimenyamenya vy’igerageza vyerekeye kwitegura igihe umuntu agiye guhagarikwa; ntivyemeza ko kwandika agasiguro kamwe bikuraho ingorane zose zo guhindura ibikorwa mu buzima bwa misi yose. Ico twoshobora gukuramwo gikwiye kuguma ari gito. Trafton et al., 2003 Altmann et al., 2002
Niwaba uriko urihweza uko wewe ubwawe ukora, tandukanya igihe umara utari ku gikorwa n’igihe ukeneye kugira usubire kugitangura. Andika ubwoko bw’uguhagarikwa kwabaye, nimba igikorwa ca mbere cari kitarangiye, n’ico ushaka gupima. Ahandi ho, ikiringo kirekire gishize coshobora kwitiranywa n’igihe kirekire ubwonko bumara busubira gukora neza, naho haba hari ibindi bikorwa vyakozwe. Mark et al., 2005 Leroy, 2009
Urukino rwo guhindura ibikorwa rushobora kukwigisha iki?
Igikorwa co guhindura ibikorwa gitegekanijwe kirashobora kwerekana ikiguzi co guhindura amategeko. Ntigishobora guhindura itandukaniro rigufi ryabonetse muri laboratwari, ngo rivemwo iminota y’umusaruro watakaye ku kazi. Ubushakashatsi ku kwizigirwa na bwo buragabisha kutabona itandukaniro rigufi ry’ibipimo nk’akaranga kadahinduka k’umuntu. Hedge et al., 2017
Ibimenyamenya vyerekana ko bikwiye kurabwa neza ibihe uguhagarikwa kwabereyemwo. Ntibishigikira guharura ko umuntu wese atakaza iminota 23 igihe cose abonye ubutumwa, aganiriye n’uwundi canke afashe akaruhuko yateguye, tutaravye ico akora inyuma y’aho. Mark et al., 2005 Trafton et al., 2003
Gerageza ikigeragezo c'ubuntu kijanye n'iki kibazo
Ikigeragezo co guhindura ibikorwa
Gerageza ikigeragezo co guhindura ibikorwa kugira wibonere uko guhinduranya amategeko bimeze. Gipima uko ukora ico gikorwa caco, ntigipima iminota utakaza inyuma yo guhagarikwa ku kazi. Ivyo bitandukanye uvyibuke igihe ugereranije urukino n’umusi wawe.
Ibibazo bikunda kubazwa
Iminota 23 ni ukuri gukurikizwa kuri bose?
Oya. Gusubira ku gikorwa, gusubira kugitangura no gusubira gushikira igipimo kinaka c’umusaruro ni ibintu bitandukanye. Mark et al., 2005 Trafton et al., 2003
Kwitegura imbere y’uguhagarikwa vyoshobora gufasha?
Ubushakashatsi bugenzuwe bwasanze abantu basubiye ku gikorwa ningoga kuruta inyuma y’imburizi y’amasegonda umunani yabahaye akaryo ko kwitegura. Nta wemeza urugero rw’inyungu rwoba mu buzima bwa misi yose. Trafton et al., 2003
Akaruhuko kateguwe konona ubushobozi bwo kwitunira?
Ibimenyamenya ku turuhuko tugufi vyerekana inyungu nto mu kugabanya umunaniro no kwongereza inguvu, ariko inyungu rusangi ku musaruro ntizizwi neza. Akaruhuko kateguwe ntigakwiye gufatwa nk’uguhagarikwa kwose. Albulescu et al., 2022
Amasoko
- Mark et al. (2005). Nta gikorwa gisigara inyuma?.
- Trafton et al. (2003). Kwitegurira gusubira ku gikorwa cahagaritswe: ingaruka zo gutegura intumbero yo muri kazoza no gusubira kuyimenyereza.
- Altmann et al. (2002). Kwibuka intumbero: icitegererezo gishingiye ku gukoresha ubwonko.
- Leroy (2009). Kubera iki gukora akazi kanje bigoye cane? Ingorane z’ivyiyumviro bisigara iyo umuntu ahinduye ibikorwa.
- Mark et al. (2008). Ikiguzi c’igikorwa cahagaritswe: umuvuduko n’umuhagararo vyiyongera.
- Albulescu et al. (2022). “Mpa akaruhuko!” Isubiramwo ry’ubushakashatsi n’isesengura rigereranya akamaro k’uturuhuko tugufi mu kwongereza ukubaho neza n’umusaruro.
- Esterman et al. (2013). Kwitunira neza canke kurangara? Gukurikirana ihindagurika ry’inyifato n’imikorere y’ubwonko mu gihe umuntu yituniye.
- Hedge et al. (2017). Ivyiyumviro bitangaje ku kwizigirwa: Kubera iki ibikorwa bikomeye vyo gupima ubwenge bitatanga ibipimo vy’umuntu umwe vyizigirwa.
Vuga uru rupapuro: Vyoba vy’ukuri bisaba iminota 23 kugira umuntu asubire kwitunira ku gikorwa amaze guhagarikwa?. Helibrain. 2026. https://helibrain.com/rn/answers/how-long-to-refocus-after-an-interruption. CC BY 4.0.
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