Ivyemezo nyamukuru n'imibare
| Uburyo bwo gupima muri ubwo bushakashatsi | Impuzandengo yo imbere | Impuzandengo yo inyuma |
|---|---|---|
| Umubare ntarengwa mu buryo bwa kera bwo guhagarika | 6.35 z'inomero | 4.61 z'inomero |
| Umubare ntarengwa mu kigeragezo cose kirambuye | 6.77 z'inomero | 5.19 z'inomero |
| Igipimo mpuzandengo gihindagurika c'uburebure bw'uruhererekane | 6.52 z'inomero | 4.91 z'inomero |
Imbonerahamwe ya 6 ya Woods na bagenzi biwe irerekana izi ngingo. Inomero zatanzwe mu majwi hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa mudasobwa. Urukino rwerekana inomero yose icyarimwe rukoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo kuyerekana no kuyibuka; rero izi ngingo si ibipimo vy'amanota ya Helibrain. Mbere no muri ubwo bushakashatsi, guhindura igipimo birahindura uburebure bw'uruhererekane bugaragara. Woods n'abo bakoranye, 2010
Gusubiza urukurikirane inyuma vyongerako iki?
Kwibuka imbere bisaba kugumya ibintu mu bwenge n'urutonde rwavyo. Kwibuka inyuma bihindura urutonde rw'inyishu rusabwa kandi bishobora gusaba izindi nzira zo guhindura canke kurondera amakuru. Inyigisho z'ubwenge bukoresha mu gihe gito ziratandukanya kubika amakuru vy'igihe gito n'ibikorwa bikoreshwa mu kugenzura canke guhindura ibibitswe, aho gufata ko igikorwa cose gipima ikintu kimwe gusa. Baddeley, 2012 Conway n'abo bakoranye, 2005
Ivyo ntibisigura ko itandukaniro riri hagati y'amanota yo inyuma n'ayo imbere ripima neza ubushobozi bwo kugenzura ibikorwa vy'ubwenge. Inyandiko yerekeye ikigeragezo c'inomero yerekana igituma ukuri kw'uburyo bwo gupima kugira ico guhindura kuri iryo gereranya. Uburyo umuntu akoresha, amakosa akora n'ingingo yo guhagarika vyose bigira uruhara mu nsobanuro y'iryo tandukaniro. Woods n'abo bakoranye, 2010
Kubera iki indwi atari itegeko kuri bose
Inyandiko ya kera ya Miller ivuga ku makuru no kuyatunganya bushasha, ntiyemeza ko umuntu wese yibuka inomero indwi neza. Isuzuma rya Cowan ryasohotse inyuma rivuga ko umubare w'uduce tw'amakuru ushobora kuba muto iyo uburyo bwo kwisubiriramwo no guteranya ibintu mu migwi bubuza. Izo nyigisho zifise ibisabwa n'ibipimo bitandukanye; nta n'imwe itanga impamvu yo gukurako umubare udahinduka ku burebure bw'uruhererekane rwo imbere rw'umuntu wese kugira ngo hamenyekane ubwo inyuma. Miller, 1956 Cowan, 2001
Ni ibiki bigira ico bihinduye?
Imyaka, amashure n'uburyo bwo kwerekana birahambaye
Ubushakashatsi bwashizeho ibipimo vy'uburebure bw'uruhererekane rw'inomero bwarasuzumye imyaka n'amashure, ariko abantu bakuze bari muri bwo ntibaserukira abantu b'ingeri zose, indimi zose n'uburyo bwose bwo kwerekana. Itandukaniro rijanye n'imyaka muri ubwo bushakashatsi ntiryemeza ko ibiharuro vy'umuntu ku rubuga bihindurwa hakurikijwe imyaka. Inomero zumvikana mu majwi zitangwa zikurikirana, bitandukanye no kubona inomero yose icarimwe. Woods n'abo bakoranye, 2010
Ubumenyi umuntu amaze igihe afise bushobora guhindura ukuntu abika urukurikirane mu bwenge. Inyigisho z'uguteranya ibintu mu migwi zerekana ko imiterere ishobora gutuma urukurikirane rworoshe gufata mu bwenge, kandi ubushakashatsi buzwi bw'umuntu yakoze imyimenyerezo ikomeye bwerekanye ko kwibuka inomero vyiyongereye cane hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuziringaniza mu mutwe yari yarize. Ivyo vyavuye mu bushakashatsi ntivyemeza ko ubwoko bwose bw'ukwibuka bwiyongera ku rugero rumwe. Mathy n'abo bakoranye, 2012 Ericsson n'abo bakoranye, 1980
Itandukaniro hagati y'ibisubizo vy'umuntu risobanurwa gute?
Witwararike ibisabwa n'ibikorwa vyose hamwe n'uburyo bwo gupima amanota. Inyishu yo inyuma iri hasi ubwayo ntigaragaza ko umuntu afise indwara, kandi itandukaniro rinini kuruta irisanzwe ku muntu umwe ntirishobora gusobanurwa mu vy'ubuvuzi ata bipimo n'ibisanzwe bibereye. Isuzuma ry'uburyo bwo gupima uburebure bw'uruhererekane rishimika ku gukoresha uburyo busobanutse neza iyo hatangwa ivyiyumviro ku bwenge bukoresha mu gihe gito. Conway n'abo bakoranye, 2005
Vyongeye, si vyiza guhindura kimwe muri ivyo bipimo ngo kibe urugero runaka rwa n-back. Isesengura ry'inyigisho nyinshi ryerekana ko ibipimo vya n-back n'uburebure bw'uruhererekane bidashobora gusubirizwa kimwe n'ikindi, naho vyose vyitwa ibipimo vy'ubwenge bukoresha mu gihe gito. Uko umuntu atsinda bivana n'ibisabwa n'igikorwa mu kumenya, kuvugurura no kwibuka amakuru. Redick n'abo bakoranye, 2013
Mu gukurikirana ibisubizo bisanzwe, gereranya imbere n'imbere, inyuma n'inyuma, kandi ukoreshe uburyo bumwe bwo kwerekana. Nuhindura uburyo bwo guteranya ibintu, vyandike. Amanota meza ashobora kuba ava ku buryo bwiza kuruta bwo gukoresha kuri ayo makuru, aho kuba ukwiyongera rusangi kw'ubushobozi bwo kwibuka. Woods n'abo bakoranye, 2010 Mathy n'abo bakoranye, 2012
Gerageza ikigeragezo c'ubuntu kijanye n'iki kibazo
Ikigeragezo co kwibuka inomero
Gerageza ikigeragezo co kwibuka inomero nk'umurimo wo kwibuka ivyo wabonye. Inyishu yaco ikwiye gusobanurwa hakurikijwe amabwirizwa yaco; si uburyo bwo kwerekana inomero mu majwi no kuzisubiza imbere n'inyuma bwerekanwe mu mbonerahamwe. Ntukoreshe itandukaniro ryasohowe mu bushakashatsi nk'igipimo co kwisuzumisha.
Ibibazo bikunda kubazwa
Itandukaniro ryitezwe ni inomero zibiri neza?
Oya. Itandukaniro ry'impuzandengo hakoreshejwe igipimo ca kera muri ubwo bushakashatsi ryari inomero 1.74, kandi ibindi bipimo vyatanze ayandi matandukaniro. Si itegeko ry'umuntu ku giti ciwe. Woods n'abo bakoranye, 2010
Birashoboka ko uburebure bw'uruhererekane rwo inyuma buruta ubwo imbere?
Inyishu z'umuntu ku giti ciwe n'uburyo akoresha birashobora gutandukana. Impuzandengo z'umugwi ntizerekana ko abantu bose bazotanga inyishu zikurikirana gutyo igihe cose bapimwe. Woods n'abo bakoranye, 2010
Noshobora guhindura uburebure bw'uruhererekane rw'inomero bukaba n-back?
Nta buryo bwemejwe bwo kubihindura buva muri izi nyandiko; ibi bikorwa ntibipima ikintu kimwe mu buryo busubirizwa. Redick n'abo bakoranye, 2013
Amasoko
- Woods n'abo bakoranye (2010). Guteza imbere isuzuma ry'uburebure bw'uruhererekane rw'inomero mu kwibuka amajambo kw'igihe gito.
- Cowan (2001). Inomero y'ubumaji 4 mu kwibuka kw'igihe gito: gusubira gusuzuma ubushobozi bwo kubika amakuru mu bwenge.
- Miller (1956). Inomero y'ubumaji indwi, wongereko canke ukuremwo zibiri: zimwe mu mipaka y'ubushobozi bwacu bwo gutunganya amakuru.
- Baddeley (2012). Kwibuka kw'igihe gito: inyigisho, uburyo n'ibibazo bitarakemuka.
- Conway n'abo bakoranye (2005). Ibikorwa vyo gupima uburebure bw'uruhererekane rw'ibintu mu bwenge bukoresha mu gihe gito: isuzuma ry'uburyo n'igitabu c'ubuyobozi.
- Redick n'abo bakoranye (2013). Ibipimo vy'ubwenge bukoresha mu gihe gito vy'uruhererekane rugoye na n-back: isesengura ry'inyigisho nyinshi.
- Ericsson n'abo bakoranye (1980). Kuronka ubuhinga bwo kwibuka.
- Mathy n'abo bakoranye (2012). Ni igiki gituma inomero z'ubumaji ziba iz'ubumaji? Guteranya ibintu mu migwi no kugabanya amakuru mu kwibuka kw'igihe gito.
Vuga uru rupapuro: Kubera iki kwibuka inomero mu buryo bwo kuzisubiza inyuma akenshi bigira umwanya muto kuruta kuzisubiza imbere?. Helibrain. 2026. https://helibrain.com/rn/answers/forward-vs-backward-digit-span. CC BY 4.0.
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