Ivyemezo nyamukuru n'imibare
| Ikiranga | Ubushakashatsi bwo kwibuka inomero zumvise | Umukino wo kubona inomero yose |
|---|---|---|
| Igitangwa | Inomero zivugwa zikaza zikurikirana | Inomero zibonwa kuri ecran |
| Uburyo bwo kuzigabura mu migwi | Bivana n'igihe zivugirwa n'ingene umuntu abigenza | Zishobora kugaburwa mu migwi iboneka mu kibanza |
| Insobanuro y'amanota | Hakoreshwa amategeko y'ubwo bushakashatsi yo kwibuka no guhagarika | Hakoreshwa amategeko y'uwo mukino |
| Guhindura amanota hagati yavyo | Ntibizwi | Ntibizwi |
Ubushakashatsi bwo kwumva bwarimwo abantu 763 bo mu kibano, bafise imyaka 18–65. Ikigereranyo gisanzwe co kwibuka inomero mu buryo buja imbere cari 6.35, ariko igitigiri co hejuru cashitsweko mu kigeragezo kirambuye cari 6.77. Iryo tandukaniro ryo muri ubwo bushakashatsi ryonyene ryerekana igituma ikigereranyo casohowe mu bushakashatsi gikwiye gusobanurwa hakurikijwe uburyo amanota yabazwe. Woods et al., 2010
Igitangwa gihindutse, igikorwa na co kigahinduka kubera iki?
Inyigisho zerekeye kwibuka igihe gito ziratandukanya uburyo amakuru abikwa n'uburyo ayagenzura, harimwo ibice bijanye n'amajambo n'ibijanye n'ibibanza. Inomero zanditse na zo zirashobora guhindurwa mu majambo mu bwenge, rero si vyoroshe kuvuga ko kimwe ari ukwibuka kw'ivyo wabonye gusa, ikindi na co kikaba ukwibuka ivyo wumvise gusa. Uburyo amakuru atangwa hamwe n'ico umuntu ayakorako vyose birafise akamaro. Baddeley, 2012
Kubona urukurikirane rwose rimwe bishobora gutuma umuntu abona ingene ruriko rugaburwa mu migwi. Ubushakashatsi ku kugabura ibintu mu migwi buraraba ingene ibimenyetso bisubiramwo bifasha gukoranya urukurikirane; ico bifasha kijanye n'imiterere yabitswe mu bwenge, si igitigiri gusa c'ibimenyetso. Itariki canke igishushanyo kimenyerewe n'amaso birashobora kwibukwa mu buryo butandukanye n'inomero zidafitaniye isano. Mathy et al., 2012 Miller, 1956
Amanota yo kubona ibintu ari hejuru yerekana ko kwibuka gukomeye kuruta?
Ku gikorwa n'ibisabwa vyageragejwe gusa. Kugereranya kandi bihindura igihe co kubona ibintu, akaryo ko kubisubiramwo mu bwenge, uburyo bwo kwishura n'amategeko yo guhagarika. Ubushakashatsi ku buryo bwo gupima igihe co kwibuka burerekana ko ivyo vyose bigira ico bihinduye ku gipimo. Amanota meza kuruta mu buryo bumwe ntasigura ko umuntu azoronka amanota meza mu bundi buryo bwose bwo gupima ukwibuka igihe gito. Conway et al., 2005
Ni ibiki bigira ico bihinduye?
Ni kubera iki ubushobozi bwo kwibuka bwasohowe mu bushakashatsi bushobora gusa n'ubudahuye?
Inyigisho ya Cowan yerekeye ubushobozi bugarukira iraba imigwi y'ibintu mu bihe bigenewe kugabanya kubisubiramwo mu bwenge no gukoresha ivyibukwa vy'igihe kirekire. Igipimo gisanzwe co kwibuka inomero gishobora gufashwa n'ivyo bintu nyene. Kugereranya ikigereranyo c'ibintu biri mu mugwi n'igitigiri c'inomero mbisi rero bivanga ibipimo n'ibisabwa bitandukanye vy'igerageza. Cowan, 2001
Imyimenyerezo ikomeye yo gukoresha uburyo bwo kwibuka itanga akarorero kadasanzwe: umuntu yamenyerejwe yarize kwibuka urukurikirane rurerure cane rw'inomero akoresheje ubumenyi yubatse mu buryo butunganijwe, ariko ubwo buhanga ntibwimuriwe ku rugero rumwe ku bindi bintu bitajanye na vyo. Ivyo vyerekana ubuhinga yaronse, si uko ububiko bw'igihe gito bwose bwongerekanye gushika ku gitigiri c'inomero cerekanywe. Ericsson et al., 1980
Bite ku bipimo bijanye n'imyaka n'igitsina?
Ibipimo bigereranywa n'abandi bantu bitegerezwa guhuza uburyo bw'ugutanga amakuru, igihe, ururimi, uko inyishu zikurikirana n'uburyo amanota abarwa. Ubushakashatsi bw'abakuze bumvise inomero ntibutanga uburyo bwo guhindura amanota y'umukino wo kuri internet w'ukubona inomero hakurikijwe imyaka canke igitsina. Gukoresha ikigereranyo caco kuri buri mukino wo kuri internet vyohindura igikoresho ciza c'ubushakashatsi kikaba urutonde rutari rwo rw'uko abantu bangana. Woods et al., 2010 Conway et al., 2005
Iyo nyifato yo kwiyubara irakenewe no ku bindi bikorwa vyo kwibuka: isesengura ry'ubushakashatsi bwinshi ryerekanye ko ibipimo vy'igihe co kwibuka n'ibipimo vya n-back bifitaniye isano nke gusa, kandi bidashobora gusubirizwa kimwe n'ikindi. Ni co gituma amanota yo kwibuka inomero wabonye ari hejuru atari amanota ya n-back yemejwe canke ikigereranyo ca IQ. Redick et al., 2013
Mu kwihweza uko wifata, gumiza buri buryo ukwabwo, ukoreshe igihe kimwe co kwerekana ibintu n'amategeko amwe yo kwishura, kandi wandike nimba wasubiyemwo urukurikirane mu bwenge canke warugabuyemwo imigwi. Ivyo bituma ivyo wigereranirizako wewe ubwawe bisobanuka kuruta, ariko ntibitanga ibipimo bishobora gukoreshwa ku bantu bose canke ivyemezo vy'ubuvuzi. Woods et al., 2010 Mathy et al., 2012
Gerageza ikigeragezo c'ubuntu kijanye n'iki kibazo
Ikigeragezo co kwibuka inomero
Gerageza ikigeragezo co kwibuka inomero ubonye, maze wandike ko amanota ari ay'ico gikorwa. Niwakoresha kandi ikigeragezo co kwibuka ivyo wumvise, candike ukwaco. Ntugereranye inomero nyinshi washoboye kwibuka mu buryo bumwe n'ikigereranyo canke amanota yo guhagarika y'ubundi buryo.
Ibibazo bikunda kubazwa
Amanota yo kwumva no kubona akwiye kungana?
Izo nyandiko ntizemeza ko akwiye kungana. Uburyo bwo gutanga amakuru, ingene umuntu abigenza n'uko amanota abarwa birashobora gutandukana. Woods et al., 2010 Baddeley, 2012
Kwibuka inomero wabonye vyoshobora gukoresha ukwibuka amajambo?
Ego. Abantu barashobora guhindura mu majambo ibintu vyanditse; uburyo ibintu bitanzwe ntibwemeza ko igice kimwe gusa co kwibuka ari co kigira ico gikoze. Baddeley, 2012
Hari uburyo bumwe ari bwiza kuruta ubundi mu gupima IQ?
Ivyo vyosaba ko habanza kuba ivyemezo bibereye. Kuba umuntu aronse amanota meza mu buryo bumwe ntivyemeza ko afise ubwenge buruta ubw'abandi muri rusangi. Conway et al., 2005
Amasoko
- Woods et al. (2010). Kunoza isuzuma ry'ukwibuka inomero mu gihe gito.
- Cowan (2001). Igitigiri gitangaje ca 4 mu kwibuka kw'igihe gito: Gusubira kwihweza ubushobozi bwo kubika mu bwenge.
- Miller (1956). Igitigiri gitangaje ca 7, hongerwako canke hagakuwako 2: Imipaka imwe y'ubushobozi bwacu bwo gutunganya amakuru..
- Baddeley (2012). Ukwibuka mu gihe gito: Inyigisho, uburyo n'ibibazo.
- Conway et al. (2005). Ibikorwa vyo gupima ukwibuka mu gihe gito: Isuzuma ry'uburyo n'inyobozo ku bakoresha.
- Redick et al. (2013). Ibipimo bigoye vyo kwibuka mu gihe gito n'ibipimo vya n-back: Isesengura ry'ubushakashatsi bwinshi.
- Ericsson et al. (1980). Ukumenyera ubuhinga bwo kwibuka.
- Mathy et al. (2012). Ni igiki gituma ibitigiri bitangaje biba bitangaje? Kugabura mu migwi no gukoraniriza amakuru mu kwibuka kw'igihe gito.
Vuga uru rupapuro: Ikiringo co kwibuka inomero zumvise ni co kimwe no kwibuka inomero wabonye?. Helibrain. 2026. https://helibrain.com/rn/answers/auditory-vs-visual-digit-span. CC BY 4.0.
← Raba izindi nyishu