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Memory & attention

Is photographic memory real?

The research reviewed here does not establish a general, error-free memory that works like a photograph. Vivid mental images and excellent performance on a particular memory task are different claims, so a high visual-memory score cannot prove photographic memory. Research overview

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By the Helibrain teamLast checked

Key evidence & numbers

EvidenceContext
Imagery is not proof of perfect recallthe research overview distinguishes eidetic imagery from photographic memory. Overview, question on photographic memory
Definitions matteran earlier research review examined reports of persisting images after the stimulus was removed, which is narrower than an unlimited memory for everything seen. Review
No prevalence figurethese sources do not supply a robust population estimate for a consistently defined photographic-memory ability.

What affects it?

The material, prior knowledge and memory strategies affect recall. A result can demonstrate skill at a particular task without establishing a general ability to reproduce arbitrary images perfectly. Research overview

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Visual memory test

Test yourself: visual memory. Use it to explore remembering patterns, with no photographic-memory label attached.

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Common questions

What does eidetic imagery mean?

It refers to reports of a persisting image after looking away. The claim and its measurement need to be distinguished from perfect memory.

Can an online game confirm photographic memory?

We have no validation that would allow that conclusion from this game.

Does this mean people cannot have exceptional memory?

People can have striking memory skills. The evidence does not require describing those skills as a perfect mental photograph.

Sources

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