Ðe ŋutsuwo ƒe ŋusẽ wu nyɔnuwo le nɔnɔmetatawo trɔtrɔ me?

Voyer kple woƒe dɔwɔha ƒe nyateƒe ƒe kpɔkpɔ la ma nu si wode dzesiwo ɖe kpɔɖeŋu si wozã kple dɔwɔwɔ ƒe mɔ vovowo nu. Linn kple Petersen ƒe kpɔkpɔ xoxo la hã ma nɔnɔmetata trɔtrɔ, nukpɔkpɔ ƒe nuɖeɖe kple nɔnɔmetata ƒe nukpɔkpɔ ɖe go. Ne woɖe nɔmba ɖeka fia be nyɔnu kple ŋutsu ƒe vovototo le nuɖeɖe ƒe ŋusẽ katã me, ekema womagblɔ nɔnɔme siwo vovowo o. Voyer et al., 1995 Linn et al., 1985

Nu ka nɔnɔmetata-trɔtrɔ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ bia?

Shepard kple Metzler ƒe dɔwɔwɔ xoxo la kpɔ nu siwo wotrɔ le 3D me, eye wodze nya aɖe ŋu be woagblɔ ɖeɖe. Vandenberg kple Kuse wɔ ame geɖe ƒe nuŋɔŋlɔ kpɔɖeŋu si le woƒe nuŋɔŋlɔ kple score ƒe mɔ. Browser dɔwɔwɔ si zã nɔnɔmetata bubuwo, ɣeyiɣi dziɖi alo ɖoɖo bubuwo menye be yexɔ kpɔɖeŋu siawo ƒe nɔnɔme la o. Shepard et al., 1971 Vandenberg et al., 1978

Esia hã fia be dzɔdzɔe ƒe vovototo, nuwuwu ƒe ɣeyiɣi ƒe vovototo kple nu siwo wòate ŋu awɔ le ɣeyiɣi si woɖo nu la me ƒe vovototo la menye nu ɖeka o. Dɔwɔwɔ ƒe mɔe nye nyateƒe si wodi, eye menye nu tsitsi aɖe si wate ŋu atsɔ ade ŋgɔ o. Voyer et al., 1995 Linn et al., 1985

Nu ka dzɔdzɔe ƒe ɖoɖoƒe ƒe vovototo gblɔna tso ɖoɖo ƒe nɔnɔme ŋu?

Megblɔ be ŋutsuwo katã wɔ dɔ nyo wu nyɔnuwo katã o, alo be woate ŋu anya ame ɖeka ƒe score tso eƒe dzidzenu ŋu o. Hyde ƒe nyateƒe ƒe kpɔkpɔ la tsɔ dzidzenu ƒe vovototo ɖo hame ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu me, eye eɖe ŋkuɖoɖo na nɔnɔme geɖe siwo me amewo sɔ kple dɔwɔwɔ siwo hã nɔnɔme vovowo le. Hame ƒe xexlẽme meɖe ame ɖeka ƒe ɖoɖo le nya ŋu o. Hyde, 2005

Ðe ŋudɔɖoɖowo ɖe mɔ si wɔe fia?

Ne wokpɔ vovototo la meɖe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe ŋusẽ, nɔnɔme, mɔɖeɖe, kpɔɖeŋu ƒe nɔnɔme alo woƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe ŋuɖoɖo ɖeka ɖe go o. Meta-analysis siwo woyɔ la ɖe dzɔdzɔe kple nu siwo wɔa dzɔdzɔe la ƒe akpa ɖe go; meɖe mɔ be woagblɔ be nu ɖeka koe wɔe ame ɖeka ŋu o. Tsitsi ƒe nɔnɔme hã va tso nu si wozã ɖoɖo ŋu, menye ƒe si me nɔnɔmetata ƒe vovototo katã dona la ɖeka o. Voyer et al., 1995 Linn et al., 1985

Ðe nufiafia ate ŋu atrɔ dɔwɔwɔ?

Uttal kple woƒe dɔwɔha ƒe nɔnɔmetata nufiafia meta-analysis la kpɔ nufiafia ƒe dzidzeme g = 0.47 le Hedges ƒe mɔ nu, ne wòɖe nu siwo dometɔwo te ŋu ɖe nɔnɔme me la ɖa. Eƒe nyateƒe la de nɔnɔmetata nufiafia vovowo dzi, menye nɔnɔmetata trɔtrɔ ko kple Helibrain ƒe game o. Eɖe mɔ be nɔnɔmetata dɔwɔwɔ ate ŋu asɔ, gake meɖe ŋugbe be ame sia ame aɖo ŋgɔ abe ale ɖeka ene alo be hame ƒe vovototo aɖe nu gbogbo o. Uttal et al., 2013

Nukpɔkpɔ-gbɔgbɔ ƒe ŋudɔɖoɖo hã kpɔe be ameawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ le susu ƒe ŋusẽ kpɔɖeŋu me doa ŋgɔ. Eya ta, ne ame wɔ dɔ nyo le megbe la, ele be wòakpɔ nu si wòxɔ kple dɔwɔwɔ la ƒe nɔnɔme me, hafi wòagblɔ be eƒe ŋusẽ katã trɔ. Scharfen et al., 2018

Aleke nàse wò ŋutɔ wò dzɔdzɔe?

Zã dzesi si dze, ɣeyiɣi si wòɖo kple score ƒe mɔ ɖeka, eye kpɔ dzidzeme kple dzɔdzɔe. Nɔnɔme ƒe ŋudɔɖoɖo ɖo ŋkuɖoɖo be dɔwɔwɔ si le ŋusẽ me le dɔwɔwɔ ƒe kpɔɖeŋu me la mefia be woate ŋu aɖo ameawo ƒe dzesi ɖoɖo ɖe edzi. Dzɔdzɔe ɖeka si nɛƒe te la nye nyateƒe ƒe ŋusẽ kpui aɖe tso ame ɖeka ƒe nɔnɔmetata ƒe nɔnɔme si mesia o ŋu. Hedge et al., 2017

Nya si wòate ŋu awɔ la nye be nàkpɔ dɔwɔwɔ si wòwɔ ɖe eme: kpɔ trɔtrɔ alo ɖoɖo siwo wòlé ŋu, eye kpɔ ŋgɔyiyi le nu siwo mele ŋgɔ o, gake sɔ kple esiwo wòwɔ kple dɔwɔwɔ la. Nyateƒeawo ɖo alesi amewo ate ŋu asrɔ nɔnɔmetata dɔwɔwɔ ŋu, gake ŋgɔyiyi ƒe nɔnɔme le ame ɖeka me la menya o. Meɖe mɔ be woagblɔ be dzidzenu aɖe mate ŋu atrɔ nu alo be game sia na ameawo ŋusẽ le susu ƒe ŋusẽ katã me o. Uttal et al., 2013 Hyde, 2005

Nɔmba 286 ƒe effect size la gblɔ nu geɖe si me kpɔkpɔ xoxo aɖe de dzesi. Ele be woagbugbɔe abe nyateƒe ƒe kpɔɖeŋu yeye si me ameawo le le mɔ nu ene o, alo abe nɔmba si woate ŋu atsɔ awɔ browser percentile ene o. Voyer et al., 1995