Aleke ŋutɔe ɖeɖe le gbegbɔgblɔ evelia me ƒe dzidzeme le eŋu?

Wogblɔ le review la ƒe akpa si ku ɖe gbe bubu nɔlawo ŋu me be esiwo nye. Review la ɖe gbeɖeɖe me be novel ƒe ŋutinyagbalẽ la me ŋuŋlɔ siwo le eŋu me na mɔ be woatsɔ dzidzeme ƒe WPM ƒe ŋuɖoɖo si le mɔxɔxɔ me la sɔ kple esi bubuwo o. Ele vevie be woabu nyatakaka sia: mele be woatsɔ 17% la ade asi le gbe bubu srɔ̃lawo katã ŋu o. Brysbaert, 2019

Nu ka ta gbe ŋusẽ srɔ̃srɔ̃ le vevie wu L2 ŋkɔɖeɖe

Gbe evelia me nɔƒe ƒe ŋusẽ kpɔa alesi amewo dzea nya gɔme, siwo dome nye alesi wosea nya siwo dona zi geɖe. Whitford kple Titone ƒe ŋutinyagbalẽ la ɖoa ŋku ɖe esiawo ŋu to ŋku ƒe tsɔtsɔ kpɔkpɔ le paragraph xlẽm. Eya ta ame eve siwo gbegbɔgblɔ gbãtɔ kple evelia sɔ la ate ŋu akpɔ mɔxɔxɔ siwo sɔ o, elabena woƒe ŋusẽkpɔkpɔ kple gbe la me nɔƒe vovovo. Whitford et al., 2012

Nyagbe ŋusẽnya le nɔnɔme sia me. Nyaŋutinya si ku ɖe text ƒe nyagbe ŋu la bia nya siwo le text ɖeka me si xlẽla nya; gake nyagbe siwo ame nya ŋuŋlɔ ƒe nɔnɔme la ƒe ɖoɖo wɔa ŋuɖoɖo le ɖoɖo si wotsɔa nya siwo wɔa nu kple nya ƒomeviwoe me. Nya siwo wotia kple woƒe xexlẽɖeɖe ko mate ŋu aɖo go alesi xlẽla ate ŋu axlẽ text vovovowo bɔbɔe o. Nation, 2006 Brysbaert et al., 2016

Nu ka ta WPM mate ŋu atsɔ asi le gbegbɔgblɔwo ŋu o

Gbegbɔgblɔ vovovowo tsɔa nyaŋuɖoɖo si sɔ la ɖoŋlɔ kple nya ŋuŋlɔ siwo gɔme le akpa vovovowo me. Nya ƒe didime, nya wɔwɔ kple ŋɔŋlɔ ƒe nɔnɔme ɖoa ŋusẽ ɖe nuxexlẽ si wole xexlẽm la ŋu. Eya ta xlẽɖeɖe ƒe dzidzeme kple ŋku ƒe tsɔtsɔ kpɔkpɔ ŋuti reviewwo me fia be mele be woase WPM si le tsitsim le gbe bubu me be eɖe ame ƒe nunyanya ɖeƒe alo susu ƒe dzidzeme bɔbɔ o. Brysbaert, 2019 CLIFTON et al., 2015

Text ƒe sesẽ kple dɔwɔwɔ ƒe mɔfiamewo trɔa eŋuɖoɖo

Nuxlẽɖeɖe le dzidzɔ me, nusɔsrɔ̃ kple nya ɖeka dim nye dɔwɔwɔ vovovowo. Ŋku ƒe tsɔtsɔ kpɔkpɔ ƒe ŋutinya ɖe alesi nya ƒe sesẽ kple ŋusẽkpɔkpɔ ƒe nyaɖoɖo ɖoa ŋusẽ ɖe ŋku ƒe tsɔtsɔ ɖe asi ŋu. Nya si wònya la ƒe ŋutinyanyawo kple nyatakaka ƒe technical ŋutinyagbalẽ si wòmenya o la, mele be woabua wo be woate ŋu aɖo go nuxlẽɖeɖe ƒe dzidzeme ɖeka si mele tsɔtsɔm o. Rayner, 1998 CLIFTON et al., 2015

Nuxlɔ̃ɖeɖe ƒe tɔtrɔwo ate ŋu akpe ɖe xlẽla ŋu be wòakpɔ nyatakaka si mele mɔxɔxɔ me la. Nyatakaka siwo dze le ŋu kpɔkpɔ me be ne woɖe xlẽɖeɖe megbe la, ŋusẽkpɔkpɔ ƒe nɔnɔme me ɖe le kpuie; esia ɖe nu si ɖea be mele be woabu tsitsi alo ƒo megbe le L2 me katã be wònye nu si wòle be woaɖe asi le eŋu o. Ɣeyiɣi siwo kpe ɖe eŋu la ate ŋu akpe ɖe gɔmeɖeɖe ŋu. Schotter et al., 2014

Ðe ŋusẽ kpɔkpɔ ate ŋu aɖe mɔxɔxɔ la?

Reviewwo ɖo ŋku ɖe gbe la me nɔƒe kple nya dzesi bɔbɔe ŋu, gake wometsɔ ɣeyiɣi ƒe xexlẽɖeɖe si wòle be ame katã asrɔ̃ hafi wòatsɔ asi le gbe gbãtɔ ƒe xlẽɖeɖe ŋu o. Eya ta nyatakaka siwo le ŋutinyagbalẽ vovovowo me la mate ŋu ana ɖoɖo si le mɔxɔxɔ me be woatsɔ ame ƒe ƒe kple ŋutilã nɔnɔme asrɔ̃ ŋusẽ kpɔkpɔ ƒe dzidzeme o. Ele be woakpɔ dzɔdzɔe le dɔwɔwɔ kple gbe nɔnɔme siwo sɔ me. Rayner et al., 2016 Whitford et al., 2012

Zã nuxlɔ̃ɖeɖe si ŋu wòmenya o, kpɔ ŋusẽkpɔkpɔ ƒe biabiawo ta, eye ŋlɔ gbe kple dɔwɔwɔ si wòwɔ le ɣeyiɣi sia ɣeyiɣi. Text bɔbɔe xlẽm le dzidzeme me ate ŋu akpe, gake esia koe mete ŋu ɖe dzesi be xlẽɖeɖe ƒe ŋusẽ kpɔtɔ sɔ gbɔ ale si wòɖe asi le nuxlɔ̃ɖeɖe sesẽ ŋu o. Sɔsɔme si le vevie la ɖoa ŋku ɖe text ƒe sesẽ kple taɖodzinu siwo sɔ ŋu le mɔ bɔbɔe. Brysbaert, 2019 Nation, 2006

Eŋuɖoɖo si le agbe me lae nye mɔ vovovowo, menye nu ɖeka si wòle be woatsɔ asi le eŋu o. 139, 61 kple 17% siwo wogblɔ le ŋutinyagbalẽwo me la ɖe alesi ame ƒe akpa kple dɔwɔwɔ si wòwɔ le vevie. Ele be wòakpe ɖe ŋuƒoƒo siwo trɔ le amewo dome gɔmeɖeɖe ŋu, eye menye be woatsɔ threshold yeye si wòle be gbe bubu srɔ̃lawo katã akpɔ o. Brysbaert, 2019