Caddaynta muhiimka ah & tirooyinka
| Hawsha la daabacay | Muunad | Celceliska waqtiga la cabbiray |
|---|---|---|
| Falcelinta muuqaal fudud, Tijaabada 1 ee Woods | 1,469 qaangaar, da'da 18–65 | 231 ms |
| Falcelinta doorashada muuqaal, Tijaabada 1 ee Woods | 1,466 qaangaar, da'da 18–65 | 550 ms |
| Hawsha doorashada, kooxda da'da 18–24 | 86 ka qaybgalayaal | 472 ms |
| Hawsha doorashada, kooxda da'da 59–65 | 246 ka qaybgalayaal | 590 ms |
Tirooyinka hawsha fudud waxay ku jiraan soo koobidda muunaddeeda; kooxaha da'da ee hawsha doorashada iyo celcelisyadooda waxay ku jiraan Shaxda 2. Daraasadaha waxay wadaagaan goob cilmi-baaris laakiin waxay isticmaalaan kicino iyo shuruudo hawleed kala duwan. Kalagoynta celcelisyadooda guud waa xisaab sharraxaad ah, ma aha cabbir la nadiifiyay oo hal tallaabo oo habaynta maskaxeed ah. Woods et al., 2015 Woods et al., 2015
Maxaa is beddela marka doorasho lagu daro?
Hawsha fudud, ka qaybgalahu wuxuu diyaarin karaa isla dhaqaaqii ka hor calaamad kasta. Hawsha doorashadu waxay u baahan tahay in la aqoonsado waxa soo muuqday oo lala xidhiidhiyo fal. Tijaabooyinka caanka ah ee Hick iyo Hyman waxay waqtiga jawaabta la xidhiidhiyaan macluumaadka ku jira xulashooyinka, oo ay ku jiraan tirada iyo itimaalka calaamadaha suurtagalka ah. Hick, 1952 Hyman, 1953
Taasi waa sababta qofku uga jawaabi karo iftiin si degdeg ah laakiin uga baahan karo waqti dheer inuu doorto dhaqaaqa saxda ah ee ciyaarta. Ma jiro is-khilaaf: hawshu waxay weyddiisaan su'aalo kala duwan. Hawsha doorashada shaybaadhka sidoo kale waxay xakameysaa xulashooyinka la heli karo, taas oo ciyaar dunida dhabta ah ama xaalad darawalnimo aysan ku soo koobi karin hal cabbir oo caalami ah oo waqtiga falcelinta. Woods et al., 2015
Sidee da'da iyo jinsiga loo fasiraa?
Qiimayaasha kooxaha da'da ee kor ku xusan waxay ka yimaadeen muunad isku-tallaal ah, ma aha raacitaan dad isku mid ah tobanaan sano. Waxay muujinayaan macnaha hawsha laakiin ma saadaalin karaan inta dhibcaha qof ku beddelmi doonto sannad kasta. Sidoo kale ma caddeeyaan boqolleyda browser-ka ee da'da gaar u ah ama hagaajin go'an oo jinsiga. Kuwaasi waxay u baahan lahaayeen isla borotokoolka iyo normiyo ku habboon. Woods et al., 2015 Woods et al., 2015
Maxaa saameeya?
Dhibcayntu waxay ku dartaa khaladaadka iyo xawaaraha
Si degdeg ah u qiyaasiddu waxay hoos u dhigi kartaa waqtiga jawaabta iyadoo kordhinaysa khaladaadka. Sidaas darteed hawsha doorashadu waa inay qeexdo waxa loo tixgeliyo jawaab sax ah, ka-baaqid ama jawaab hore u timid. Celceliska waqtiga jawaabaha saxda ah lama fasiri karo iyada oo aan la tixgelin haddii saxnaantu is beddeshay. Daraasadda doorashada ee Woods waxay soo sheegtaa natiijooyin dhowr ah halkii ay waqtiga u qaadan lahayd sharraxaad dhammaystiran oo waxqabadka. Woods et al., 2015
Jawaabaha aad u gaabis ama aad u degdeg ah iyo sida loo maareeyo tijaabooyinka la seegay ayaa sidoo kale beddeli kara soo koobidda. Habka loo maareeyo qiimayaasha ka baxsan caadiga waa qayb ka mid ah qeexidda dhibcaha; laba website oo xeerar kala duwan leh waxay ka soo saari karaan qiimayaal kala duwan habdhaqan isku mid ah. Ratcliff, 1993
Sababta natiijooyinka internetka ka duwan yihiin shaxda
Bandhigyada, aaladaha gelinta iyo nidaamyada browser-ka waxay leeyihiin dib u dhacyo iyo is-beddel waqti oo u gaar ah. Isbarbardhigga tijaabooyinku waxay muujinayaan in calaamadaha waqtiga ee software-ka ee aad u tifaftiran aysan tiritirin faraqyadaas. Hawsha doorashada taleefan oo la barbardhigo hawsha fudud ee mouse-ka lagu sameeyo waxay isku darsataa doorashada jawaabta iyo faraqyada qalabka iyo dhaqaaqa. Anwyl-Irvine et al., 2020 Bridges et al., 2020
Si loo sameeyo isbarbardhig aan rasmi ahayn oo faa'iido leh, qalabka isku mid ka dhig oo akhri tilmaamaha labada hawshood. Filasho faraq gaar u ah hawsha halkii aad labada lambar midkood u qaadan lahayd qiimeyn guud oo xawaare. Cilmi-baaris ku saabsan isku-hallaynta ayaa sidoo kale digniin leh in saameyn celcelis ah oo xooggan oo hawsha aysan si toos ah uga dhigayn dhibcaha faraqa ee qofka sifo deggan. Hedge et al., 2017
Tababarku wuxuu ka dhigi karaa isku-xidhka kicin-jawaab mid aad loo yaqaan. Taasi waxay noqon kartaa barasho dhab ah oo hawsha, iyada oo aan muujinayn horumar guud oo go'aan-qaadashada. Natiijada cilmi ahaan faa'iido leh waa waxqabad la wanaajiyay oo ku saabsan habraac si cad loo qeexay, iyada oo khaladaadkiisa iyo xaaladihiisa la sii hayo. Woods et al., 2015 Hick, 1952
Isku day imtixaanka bilaashka ah ee la xiriira
Imtixaanka waqtiga falcelinta
Ku bilow imtixaanka waqtiga falcelinta si aad u aragto hawsha jawaabta fudud. Haddii aad sidoo kale tijaabiso imtixaan doorasho ku salaysan sida Stroop, isbarbardhig tilmaamihiisa iyo shuruudaha saxnaanta ka hor inta aanad barbardhigin waqtiyada. Faraqaasi ma aha cabbir la xaqiijiyay oo ah sirdoonkaaga ama awooddaada go'aan-qaadasho.
Su'aalo caadi ah
Hawlkee ayaa ugu dhow ciyaaraha?
Ciyaaruhu inta badan waxay u baahan yihiin doorashooyin, saadaalin iyo dhaqaaq. Hawsha doorashada ee la xakameeyay waxay qabataa hal dhinac, laakiin midkoodna ma aha imtixaan dhammaystiran oo waxqabadka ciyaaraha. Woods et al., 2015
Ma labanlaabmaa waqtiga falcelinta marka tirada xulashooyinka la labanlaabo?
Natiijooyinka caadiga ah waxay khuseeyaan macluumaadka ku jira xulashooyinka, ma aha xeer labanlaab guud. Isku-xidhka, itimaalka iyo nashqadaha hawshu way muhiim yihiin. Hick, 1952 Hyman, 1953
Ma kalagoyn karaa dhibcahayga si aan u cabbiro waqtiga fikirsiga?
Kalagoyntu waxay isku darsataa faraqyada hawsha iyo cabbirka haddii aan nashqaduhu xakameyn. Si toos ah uma aha qiyaas saafi ah oo tallaabada habaynta. Woods et al., 2015 Anwyl-Irvine et al., 2020
Ilo
- Woods et al. (2015). Sababaha saameeya waqtiga falcelinta fudud.
- Woods et al. (2015). Gaabis la xidhiidha da'da ee doorashada iyo soo saarista jawaabta ee hawsha waqtiga falcelinta doorashada muuqaal.
- Hick (1952). Ku saabsan heerka kororka macluumaadka.
- Hyman (1953). Macluumaadka kicinta oo go'aamiya waqtiga falcelinta..
- Ratcliff (1993). Hababka lagu maareeyo qiimayaasha waqtiga falcelinta ee ka baxsan caadiga..
- Anwyl-Irvine et al. (2020). Saxnaanta iyo hufnaanta dhabta ah ee madalalka tijaabada internetka, browser-yada iyo aaladaha.
- Bridges et al. (2020). Daraasadda weyn ee waqtiga: isbarbardhigga dhowr nooc oo soo-saareyaal tijaabo, kuwa shaybaadhka iyo kuwa internetka labadaba.
- Hedge et al. (2017). Is-khilaafka isku-hallaynta: sababta hawlo garasho oo adag aysan u soo saarin faraqyo shaqsi oo lagu kalsoonaan karo.