Isallen agejdan d yimḍanen
| Tifin yettwabedren deg tesleḍt | Agmuḍ | Aselkin |
|---|---|---|
| Ilemɣan n teglizit ɣer Hirai, agraw s tegzi yufraren | 139 WPM | Ugar n 75% n yisteqsiyen ttwararen s ṣṣeḥ |
| Aselmed-nni, agraw-nniḍen | 61 WPM | Yemgarad deg ugmuḍ n tegzi |
| Tasleḍt n wungal n yimsiwal n Tland d teglizit | 17% s ṭṭaw deg L2 | Agraw d twuri s umḍan n yimsiwalen yettwaḥedren |
Igmuḍ-a ttwasenfren deg teṣṣelṭ n tesleḍt ɣef yimɣaren ur nettmeslay ara taɣbalut. Tesleḍt tenna-d s wudem ibanen belli isefka n tesleḍt n wungal ur kttsen ara aselken n WPM s umḍan yezmer ad yettwasemres s usenqed srid. Aseɣzi-a ilaq ad yeqqim: 17% ur ilaq ara ad tettwasemres d umḍan n ubeddel i yal amɣar n tutlayt. Brysbaert, 2019
Acuɣer tazmert deg tutlayt tesɛa azal ugar n yisem L2
Aselmed n tutlayt tis snat ibeddel amek i yettwasefrak wawalen, gar-asen tamuɣli ɣer wamek i d-ttbanen s waṭas. Tasleḍt n Whitford d Titone tesleḍ-d ineḍruyen-a s wallalen n wallen mi ara tɣeṛḍeḍ taṣefṛit. Ɣef waya, sin yimdanen s yiwet n tutlayt tamezwarut d tis snat zemren ad sɛun imendaden yemgaraden n usefrak, acku yemgarad uselmed-nsen d tazmert-nsen. Whitford et al., 2012
Tamussni n wawalen d yiwen n uḥric n usatal-a. Tasleḍt n usebded n wawalen tettesteqsi acḥal n wawalen deg uḍris i ssnen imɣaren, ma d asenqed n umḍan n wawalen yettḥettil ɣef ma d talɣiwin, lemmas neɣ tawaculin n wawalen i yettwaḥesben. Asenqed n umḍan n wawalen kan ur yezmir ara ad yiḥuddu s yiman-is taɣuri taḥeqqant n yal aḍris. Nation, 2006 Brysbaert et al., 2016
Acuɣer WPM ur yezmir ara ad isemgir tutlayin srid
Tutlayin yemgaraden s umḍan n wawalen yettwarun s wayes ara d-ttwasenfren yisallen yemṣadan. Teɣzi n wawalen, talɣa n wawalen d unagraw n tira ttɛassan ɣef wayen i yettwaḥesben. Ɣef waya, tisleḍin n usuḍes n tɣuri d wallen ur d-ttakent ara asenfel belli WPM ameẓẓyan deg tutlayt-nniḍen yemmal-d tikli tameẓẓyant n tmusni neɣ n usmekti amatu. Brysbaert, 2019 CLIFTON et al., 2015
Acu i t-ittḥaz?
Tazmert n uḍris d yilugan n twuri beddlen agmuḍ
Taɣuri i usirem, i uselmed neɣ i tifin n yiwet n talɣut d tiwuriwin yemgaraden. Tasleḍt n wallen tettbeggin amek i tɛeṭṭilen wawalen d yisuter n tegzi ɣef wamek i yettmuqul umɣar. Ur ilaq ara ad nḥesb aḍris n teḥkayt tameɣlalit d uḍris ussnan ur nessin ara d sin n yisefka yemṣadan i yiwet n tɣuri yettusbadun. Rayner, 1998 CLIFTON et al., 2015
Tiririt ɣer deffir yezmer ad tesɛu azal i umɣar akken ad yefru ur teẓriḍ ara. Isefka n tesleḍt i d-yesseknen belli aseḥbes n tuɣalin ɣer wayen iɣran yettaɣli deg tegzi, sseḥdaren ad nḥader seg usemres n yal tawennaḍt neɣ tuɣalin deg L2 amzun d ayen ilaq ad yettwasenqes. Kra n wakud ugar yezmer ad yettawi i tegzi. Schotter et al., 2014
Yezmer uselmed ad isenqes amgired?
Tisleḍin sseḥdaren azal n tɣuri n tutlayt d usefrak ifazen n wawalen, maca ur d-sseknen ara amḍan n yisragen i d-yettwajbanen yal tikelt i umɣar ad yaweḍ asuḍes n tutlayt tamezwarut. Daɣen, imedyaten-a i d-yekkan seg tesleḍin yemgaraden ur d-ttaken ara asenqed n uselmed yelhan s umḍan n leɛmer d tuzzuft. Asnerni ilaq ad yettwasenqed deg twuriwin yemṣadan d yisatalen n tutlayt yemṣadan. Rayner et al., 2016 Whitford et al., 2012
Seqdec aḍris ur tessineḍ ara, i yelhan i twuri, senqed tegzi, u sekles tutlayt d yiswi n yal asenqed n wakud. Taɣuri n uḍris yeshel s ṭṭaw yezmer ad tesɛu azal, maca s yiman-is ur d-tesken ara belli tazmert n tɣuri tennerna s yiwen n umḍan deg uḍris uɛer. Asenqed yesɛan azal yeqqar-d belli taɛekkumt d yiswi ilaq ad ilin qerben deg wassaɣ. Brysbaert, 2019 Nation, 2006
Tiririt i usexdem deg tudert n yal ass d tiɣbula yemgaraden, mačči d yiwen n umḍan n ubeddel. Igmuḍ yettwaskelsen 139, 61 d 17% sseknen acḥal i d-yettḥettil umdan d twuri. Ilaq ad ɛiwnen deg usegzi n umgired, ur ilaq ara ad rnun sbed n umɣar amatu. Brysbaert, 2019
Ɛreḍ asekyed baṭel icudden ɣer waya
Asekyed n tɣuri
Ɛreḍ asekyed n tɣuri deg tutlayt i tessneḍ, syen erre-d ɣef yisteqsiyen n usegzi. Sefrek igmuḍen n tutlayin yemgaraden. Imḍanen n tezrawin n tanglizt d asatal kan, mačči d aselkem n tmusni-inek n tutlayt neɣ IQ-inek.
Isteqsiyen yettwassnen
Ma yella tɣuri s L2 teɣezzif s waṭas, d ayen ur nelli d amagnu?
Tizrawin-agi ur d-ttakent ara azal amagnu i umgired-nni deg umdan yiwen. Tamusni n tutlayt, a ṣɛab n uḍris d iswi n twuri bḍant aṭas i wakken ad yili ugmuḍ amagi. Brysbaert, 2019
Zemreɣ ad serweseɣ WPM n tanglizt d tutlayt nniḍen?
Kan ma tḥesbeḍ mliḥ imḍanen n tira yemgaraden d talɣut i d-yettak yal awal. WPM kan ur yezmir ara ad yili d aserwes yemṣadan gar tutlayin. Brysbaert, 2019
Ilaq ad ḥebseɣ iman-iw ɣef tuɣalin ɣer tɣuri?
Ur ilaq ara ad tḥesbeḍ belli yal tuɣalin tettawi-d lxiṛ. Tuɣalin ɣer tɣuri tezmer ad teɛiwen deg usegzi, i ilaq ad yettwasenqed akked rrurad. Schotter et al., 2014
Iɣbula
- Brysbaert (2019). Acḥal n wawalen i neɣra deg umḍan n tasint? Aseɣti d tesleḍt taggamt n rrurad n tɣuri.
- Rayner et al. (2016). Aṭas n wayen ilaq ad yettwaɣra, drus n wakud.
- Rayner (1998). Imḍanen n wallen deg tɣuri d usefrak n talɣut: 20 n yiseggasen n tezrawin.
- CLIFTON et al. (2015). Imḍanen n wallen deg tɣuri d usefrak n talɣut: tamɛiwt n 40 n yiseggasen n Keith Rayner.
- Whitford et al. (2012). Tarmit n tutlayt tis snat tbeddel izirigen n tɣuri n wawalen s tutlayt tamenzut d tis snat: Tifrat seg yimḍanen n wallen deg tɣuri taggamt n teḥricin.
- Nation (2006). Acḥal n wawalen ilaqen i tɣuri d uselmed n teɣzi?.
- Schotter et al. (2014). Ur ttaggad ara wayen teɣriḍ (yiwet n tikkelt kan).
- Brysbaert et al. (2016). Acḥal n wawalen i nessnen? Asenqed amezwaru n usebɣer n wawalen yettbedilen ilmend n usatal n wawalen, tarmit n tutlayt d leɛmer n umdan.
Bder asebter-a d aɣbalu: Mecḥal iɣezzif uḍris ma tettɣarayḍ s tutlayt tis snat?. Helibrain. 2026. https://helibrain.com/kab/answers/reading-speed-in-a-second-language. CC BY 4.0.
← Snirem tiriritin-nniḍen